National Garden Festival

An overhead view of the 1988 Glasgow Garden Festival site.

The National Garden Festivals were part of the cultural regeneration of large areas of derelict land in Britain's industrial districts during the 1980s and early 1990s. Five were held in total - one every two years, each in a different town or city - after the idea was pushed by environment secretary Michael Heseltine in 1980. They were based on the German post-war Bundesgartenschau concept for reclaiming large areas of derelict land in cities, and cost from £25-million to £70 million each. They reclaimed the contaminated ex-sites of large industrial concerns such as steelworks. A good general reference on the subject is Grounds for Review: The Garden Festival in Urban Planning and Design by Andrew Theokas.

• Liverpool Garden Festival, 1984. Now a mix of housing and derelict sites.
• Stoke-on-Trent Garden Festival, 1986. Now mostly maturing garden parkland, with some retail and offices.
• Glasgow Garden Festival, 1988. Now the Glasgow Science Centre, and a digital media village on the banks of the River Clyde.
• Gateshead Garden Festival, 1990. Now a housing estate.
• Ebbw Vale Garden Festival, 1992. Now mostly housing, in parkland and woodland.

See also

• Urban regeneration
• Garden festival