Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng

Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng (1738–1801) was a Chinese scholar and historian of China's coastal province of Chekiang. His father and his grandfather had been government officials, but, although Chang achieved the highest civil service examination degree in 1778, he never held high office.

Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng’s ideas about the historical process were revolutionary in many ways and he became one of the most enlightened historical theorists of the Ch'ing dynasty; but, he spent much of his life in near poverty without the support of a patron and, in 1801, he died, poor and with few friends. It was not until the late 19th century that Chinese scholars began to accept the validity Chang's ideas.

Further reading

• David S. Nivison, The Life and Thought of Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng, 1966.
• Arthur W. Hummel, Sr. (ed.), Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period, 1644-1912, 2 vols., 1943–1944
• Eduard B. Vermeer, "Notions of Time and Space in the early Ch'ing", in: Junjie Huang, Erik Zürcher, Time and Space in Chinese Culture, ed. BRILL, 1995 ISBN 9789004102873, on Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng p. 227-233 [1] (retrieved on Feb. 9, 2009)

References

• Chang Hsüeh-ch'eng at Answers.com.

Persondata
Name	Chang, Hsueh-Ch'eng
Alternative names
Short description	Historian
Date of birth	1738
Place of birth
Date of death	1801
Place of death