- Liu Chang
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This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu.
Liu Chang King of Southern Han Reign 958–972 Successor none Spouse Mei Zhu Issue 4 sons Full name Family name: Liu 劉
Given name: Chang 鋹Temple name Hou Shu 後主 Born 942 Died 980 Liu Chang (Chinese: 劉鋹; pinyin: Liú Chǎng; Wade–Giles: Liu Ch'ang) (942–980 CE) was the last King of the Kingdom of Southern Han (南漢; pinyin: Nanhan) (917–971) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period in southern coastal China.
Life
His name was originally Liu Jixing (simplified Chinese: 刘继兴; traditional Chinese: 劉繼興; pinyin: Liú Jìxīng), and was the Prince of Wei. He succeeded Cheng because he was the eldest son. He only left eunuchs in power in his court.[1]
Reign
When Liu became Emperor, he was sixteen years old. During the first year of his reign, he had sexual intercourse with women, including Persian (波斯) girls,[2] who were prominent in his harem.[3][4] His particular favourite was one young girl he nicknamed "beautiful pig" (媚猪) (Mei Zhu in Pinyin). Liu doted on this young Persian woman,[5][6] who was also reportedly sixteen years old. Liu Chang also had a Persian princess in his harem.[7][8]
He was the last Emperor of Southern Han, as his kingdom was defeated and taken over by the Song dynasty in 972. He reigned for a total of 14 years.[9]
References
- ^ Xiu Ouyang, Richard L. Davis (2004). Historical records of the five dynasties. New York City: Columbia University Press. p. 544. ISBN 0231128266. http://books.google.com/books?id=bfbcxM9uJm4C&pg=PA544&dq=liu+chang+persian&hl=en&ei=WesrTKfiEYK0lQfO7IyaCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=liu%20chang%20persian&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-29.
- ^ 文人誤會：宋真宗寫錯了一個字（5）
- ^ Lombard-Salmon Claudine (2004). Les Persans à l'extrémité orientale de la route maritime (IIe A.E. -XVIIe siècle). Archipel. Volume 68. p. 40. http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/arch_0044-8613_2004_num_68_1_3830?_Prescripts_Search_tabs1=standard&. Retrieved 03 mars 2011.
- ^ Société pour l'étude et la connaissance du monde insulindien, Association Archipel, Centre de documentatio et de recherches sur l'Asie du Sud-Est et le monde indonésien, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France), Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales, École des hautes études en sciences sociales (2004). Archipel, Issues 67-68. SECMI.. p. 40. http://books.google.com/books?id=4ixuAAAAMAAJ&q=Les+chroniques+52+gardent+le+souvenir+d'une+dame+persane+qui+%C3%A9tait+dans+le+harem+du+quatri%C3%A8me+et+dernier+souverain,+Liu+Chang+glJH+(959-971).+Les+d%C3%A9buts+du+commerce+international+sur+le+territoire+des+souverains+de+l'%C3%89tat+de+...&dq=Les+chroniques+52+gardent+le+souvenir+d'une+dame+persane+qui+%C3%A9tait+dans+le+harem+du+quatri%C3%A8me+et+dernier+souverain,+Liu+Chang+glJH+(959-971).+Les+d%C3%A9buts+du+commerce+international+sur+le+territoire+des+souverains+de+l'%C3%89tat+de+...&hl=en&ei=0i5vTebHJoK8lQeTxJxf&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAA. Retrieved 2011-3-03.
- ^ Tōyō Bunko (Japan). Memoirs of the Research Department, Issue 2. Pennsylvania State University. p. 34. http://books.google.com/books?ei=3nIbTcypNY-p8AbppsTiDQ&ct=result&id=IZ_WAAAAMAAJ&dq=liu+chang+in+his+harem+a+young+Persian+woman%2C+whom+he+doted&q=liu+chang+had+in+his+harem+a+young+Persian+woman%2C+whom+he+doted. Retrieved 2010-12-30.
- ^ Tōyō Bunko (Japan). Kenkyūbu (1928). Memoirs of the Research Department of the Toyo Bunko (the Oriental Library), Issue 2. the University of Michigan: The Toyo Bunko. p. 34. http://books.google.com/books?ei=TUtTTZvCLcL6lwfv-rmNCg&ct=result&id=rBIUAQAAMAAJ&dq=a+young+Persian+woman%2C+whom+he+doted+upon+so+much&q=persian+woman. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ HONG KONG BEFORE THE CHINESE THE FRAME, THE PUZZLE AND THE MISSING PIECES A lecture delivered on 18trh November 1963 by K. M. A. Barnett
- ^ BARNETT, K. M. A. (18 November 1963). HONG KONG BEFORE THE CHINESE THE FRAME, THE PUZZLE AND THE MISSING PIECES. Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch. p. 58. ISBN 1991-7295. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/44/4401055.pdf. Retrieved 2010-07-14.
- ^ Gan Fuxi, Fuxi Gan, Robert Brill (2009). Ancient glass research along the Silk Road. World Scientific. p. 387. ISBN 9812833560. http://books.google.com/books?id=ttDBS8oFDYgC&pg=PA387&dq=liu+chang+sixteen&hl=en&ei=4qKRTM7DIoL98Aaw1enOBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=liu%20chang%2014%20years&f=false. Retrieved 2010-06-29.
Categories:- 942 births
- 980 deaths
- Southern Han emperors
- Song Dynasty politicians
- People from Guangzhou
- 10th-century people
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