Jimmy Reed

Infobox Musical artist
Name =Jimmy Reed


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Background =solo_singer
Birth_name =Mathis James Reed
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Born =birth date|1925|9|6|mf=y
Dunleith, Mississippi
Died =death date and age|1976|8|29|1925|9|6|mf=y
Oakland, California
Origin =
Instrument =Vocals, Harmonica, Guitar
Voice_type =
Genre =Blues
Occupation =
Years_active =1940s-1976
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Mathis James "Jimmy" Reed (September 6 1925 - August 29 1976 [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm1203947/bio IMDb biography details - accessed December 2007] ] ) was an American blues singer notable for bringing his distinctive style of blues to mainstream audiences. Reed was a major player in the field of electric blues, as opposed to the more acoustic-based sound of many of his contemporaries. His lazy, slack-jawed singing, piercing harmonica and hypnotic guitar patterns were one of the blues most easily identifiable sounds in the 1950s and 1960s.

Biography

Reed was born in Dunleith, Mississippi in 1925, learning the harmonica and guitar from Eddie Taylor, a close friend. After spending several years busking and performing in the area, Reed moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1943 before being drafted into the United States Navy during World War II. In 1945, Reed was discharged and moved back to Mississippi for a brief period, marrying his girlfriend, Mary "Mama" Reed, before moving to Gary, Indiana to work at an Armour & Co. meat packing plant.

By the 1950s, Reed had established himself as a popular musician and joined the "Gary Kings" with John Brim, as well as playing on the street with Willie Joe Duncan. Reed failed to gain a recording contract with Chess Records, but then signed with Vee-Jay Records through Brim's drummer, Albert King. At Vee-Jay, Reed began playing again with Eddie Taylor and soon released "You Don't Have to Go", his first hit record. This was followed by a long string of hits. Reed maintained his reputation, in spite of rampant alcoholism. Sometimes, his wife had to help him remember the lyrics to his songs while performing. In 1957, Reed developed epilepsy, though the disease was not correctly diagnosed for a long time, as Reed and doctors assumed it was delirium tremens.

In spite of his numerous hits, Reed's personal problems prevented him from achieving the same level of fame as other popular blues artists of the time, though he had more hit songs than many others. When Vee-Jay Records closed down, Reed's manager signed a contract with the fledgling ABC-Bluesway label, but Reed was never able to score another hit.

In 1968 he toured Europe with the American Folk Blues Festival.cite book
first= Tony
last= Russell
year= 1997
title= The Blues: From Robert Johnson to Robert Cray
edition=
publisher= Carlton Books Limited
location= Dubai
pages= p. 76-77
id= ISBN 1-85868-255-X]

Jimmy Reed died in Oakland, California in 1976, a few days short of his 51st birthday. He is interred in the Lincoln Cemetery in Worth, Illinois.

In 1991 Reed was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Discography

Charting singles

[ [http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=11:hifpxq95ldae~T51 All Music Guide discography information - accessed December 2007] ]

elected albums

Influence

The Rolling Stones have cited Reed as a major influence on their sound, and their early set lists comprised many of Reed's songs. The Rolling Stones recorded tracks like "Ain't That Lovin' You Baby", "The Sun is Shining" (also played at the Stones' 1969 Altamont concert), "Close Together", "Bright Lights, Big City" and 'Shame, Shame, Shame" in 1963 as demos to offer to record labels like Decca, and their February 1964 hit single "Not Fade Away" had as the B-side "Little by Little", a pastiche of "Shame, Shame, Shame". Their first album, "The Rolling Stones" released in April 1964, featured their cover of Reed's "Honest I Do".

"Big Boss Man" was sung regularly by Ron McKernan, also known as "Pigpen", with the Grateful Dead during the 1960s and early 1970s and appears on the live album Skull and Roses. It was revived a few times by Jerry Garcia with the Grateful Dead during the 1980s. Bob Weir of the Grateful Dead also played it a few times with Kingfish in the mid 70s, and more recently with Ratdog. Phil Lesh also plays it with Phil & Friends. The Grateful Dead have also performed Baby What You Want Me to Do with Brent Mydland on vocals.

Elvis Presley recorded several of Reed's songs, scoring a 1967 hit with "Big Boss Man" and recording several performances of "Baby, What You Want Me to Do" for his 1968 Comeback TV Special. (However, Presley's 1964 hit, "Ain't That Lovin' You Baby" is a different song than that recorded by Reed.) The song "Baby, What You Want Me to Do" was also covered by Wishbone Ash on their 1972 live album, "Live Dates". Baby What You Want to Do was also frequently perfomred by Etta James and Hot Tuna.

Reed's recordings of "Big Boss Man" and "Bright Lights, Big City" were both voted onto the list of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll.

Noted Austin musicians, Omar Kent Dykes and Jimmie Vaughan released an album, "On the Jimmy Reed Highway" as a tribute to Reed. [ [http://www.popmatters.com/pm/music/reviews/50066/omar-kent-dykes-and-jimmie-vaughan-on-the-jimmy-reed-highway/ Popmatters website album review - accessed December 2007] ]

ee also

*List of blues musicians
*List of people from Mississippi
*Soul blues
*Blues harp
*List of people with epilepsy

References

External links

* [http://www.blues.org/halloffame/inductees.php4?YearId=25 1980 Blues Foundation Hall of Fame induction] - the main source for this article
* [http://www.bluesharp.ca/legends/jreed.html Webpage with detailed biography and photographs]
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