Frederick Mann

Infobox Judge
honorific-prefix = The Honourable Sir
honorific-suffix = KCMG


imagesize =
caption =
office =Chief Justice of Victoria
term_start =1935
term_end =January 1944
nominator =
appointer =
predecessor =William Irvine
successor =
office2 =Lieutenant Governor of Victoria
term_start2 =22 July 1919
term_end2 =12 May 1936
nominator2 =
appointer2 =
predecessor2 =
office3 =Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria
term_start3 =22 July 1919
term_end3 =1935
nominator3 =
appointer3 =
predecessor3 =
birth_date = 2 May 1869
birth_place = Mount Gambier, South Australia
death_date = 29 May 1958
death_place =South Yarra, Victoria

Sir Frederick Wollaston Mann KCMG (2 May 1869 – 29 May 1958) was the chief justice of the Australian state of Victoria between 1 October 1935 and 31 January 1944. [ cite web
title=Judges - History
publisher=Supreme Court of Victoria
url=http://www.supremecourt.vic.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/Supreme+Court/Home/About+the+Court/History/Judges/
accessdate=2008-09-05 ] He was also Victoria’s lieutenant governor between 12 May 1936 and May 1945. Mann was nicknamed the “Little Gentleman” because of his height (he was 168 cms) and he was unfailingly courteous. He had a reputation of being a careful judge delivering decisions of precision and clarity. In 1935, he became the first Australian born person to become chief justice of Victoria. [ 7 Res Judicatae 33 (1955-1957) “Administration of Justice in Victoria - The State and Its Lawyers”,]

Early years

Mann was born at Mount Gambier, South Australia. He was the son of Gilbert Hill Cheke Mann and Sophia Charlotte Mann (nee Wollaston). Mann’s maternal grandfather was John Ramsden Wollaston, a pioneering Anglican archdeacon in Western Australia. Mann’s younger brother was to became an icon of early Australian radio broadcasting. [Australian Dictionary of Biography
last=Andrews
first=E. M.
authorlink=
year=1986
id=A100385b
title= Mann, Edward Alexander (1874 - 1951)
accessdate=2008-09-05 ] Mann began his education at Christ Church Grammar School in Mount Gambier. Later he transferred to the public education system when he transferred to Mount Gambier Public School. After leaving school, he studied privately at home.

He left South Australia and moved to Melbourne in 1887 where he obtained work as a tally clerk. He then worked as a clerk in the Crown Law Department of the Victorian Government. Whilst working, he studied at the University of Melbourne and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1894. In 1895 he won the Supreme Court prize at the University of Melbourne. [cite web
title=The Supreme Court Scholarship and Prize Winners
work= History of the Melbourne Law School
publisher=University of Melbourne
url=http://history.law.unimelb.edu.au/go/people/prize-winners/index.cfm
accessdate=2008-09-05 ] He completed his Bachelor of Laws in 1896 and a Master of Laws in 1898. He was called to the Victorian Bar in 1896 but continued working for the State Government rather than practice in his own right.

Military service

He was commissioned as a lieutenant in the 4th Victorian Battalion of the Australian Imperial Regiment [ cite web
title=Frederick Wollaston Mann
work= Boer War Nominal Roll
publisher=Australian War Memorial
url=http://www.awm.gov.au/nominalrolls/boer/person.asp?p=9896
accessdate=2008-09-05 ] known as the “4th Vic.Imperial Bushmen “ He departed Melbourne on 1 May 1900 in the transport “Victorian’. He served in the Boer War for sixteen months until he was wounded at Hartbeesfontein on 16 February 1901. He was awarded the Queen's South Africa Medal. [ cite web
title=Australians in the Boer War
publisher= Oz-Boer Database Project
url=http://members.pcug.org.au/%7Ecroe/ozb/oz_boer_more.cgi?record=12026
accessdate=2008-09-05 ] On his return to Australia in November, he set up chambers in Melbourne as a barrister. As a barrister, he specialized in both common law and Equity cases, and became known for his “careful cross-examination technique”.

On 8 April 1911 he married Adeline Mary Raleigh at All Saints Church of England in East St Kilda. They had five children from the marriage.

Judicial career

On 22 July 1919, Mann was appointed a justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria. In 1931 he became the Chairman of the Court of Industrial Appeal and held that appointment until 1933. He was knighted in the King's Birthday Honours of June 1933, formally receiving his knighthood by Letters Patent on 12 July 1933. [LondonGazette|issue=33946|supp=yes|startpage=3799|endpage=3800|date=2 June 1933|accessdate=2008-09-02] [LondonGazette|issue=33960|startpage=4716|date=14 July 1933|accessdate=2008-09-02] Between 1923 and 1934, he acted as Chief Justice of Victoria on many occasions. He was appointed Chief Justice in 1935 in succession to Sir William Irvine. In the same year he became president of the Melbourne Club. In 1936, he denounced Victorian police criminal investigation methods of the time as “crude, untrained and overly reliant upon informers and physical coercion”. [”Police Detectives in History, 1750-1950” Clive Emsley and Haia Shpayer-Makov. Published 2006 Ashgate Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0754639487 ] Police at that time were tempted to obtain convictions through extorting confessions rather than through investigation.On 30 March 1936 he was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Victoria, [LondonGazette|issue=34272|startpage=2280|date=7 April 1936|accessdate=2008-09-02] taking office on 12 May 1936. The Melbourne newspaper “The Sun” described him as 'lucid, fearless, cold, crisp, alert, analytical, unostentatious and retiring … dignified and decorous'. Mann was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the Coronation Honours of 1937. [LondonGazette|issue=34396|supp=yes|startpage=3081|date=11 May 1937|accessdate=2008-09-02] In 1941 Mann heard the matter of Trustee's Executors & Agency Co Ltd v Reilly. [ [1941] Victorian Law Reports (VLR) 110. At 111] In that case, he was called upon to decide what the phrase “in respect of” meant. He said:

“the words ‘in respect of’ are diffecult (sic) of definition, but they have the widest possible meaning of any expression intended to convey some connection or relation between the two subject matters to which the words refer”. [Cited in Butler V Johnston and others - (1984) 6 Australian Legal Digest (ALD) 518]

Mann’s dictum in that case on the defintion of the meaning of the words “in respect of” is still used today.

Mann retired as chief justice in January 1944 and retired as lieutenant-governor in May 1945. In later years he became a trustee of the Melbourne Botanical Gardens Maud Gibson Trust. He died in 1958 at his home in the Melbourne suburb of South Yarra.

References