Curculioninae

Curculioninae
Lixus angustatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Hexapoda
Class:	Insecta
Subclass:	Pterygota
Infraclass:	Neoptera
Superorder:	Endopterygota
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Cucujiformia
Superfamily:	Curculionoidea
Family:	Curculionidae
Subfamily:	Curculioninae
Diversity
About 30 tribes

The beetle subfamily Curculioninae is part of the weevil family Curculionidae. It contains over 23,500 described species in 2,200 genera, and is therefore the largest weevil subfamily known. Given that the beetle order (Coleoptera) contains about one-quarter of all known organisms, the Curculioninae represent one of the – if not the – most successful radiations of terrestrial Metazoa.^[1]

Many weevils of this group are commonly known as flower weevils or acorn and nut weevils, after a food commonly eaten by Curculioninae larvae and imagines – the reproductive organs of plants.

Systematics

This large subfamily is divided into around 30 tribes. Delimitation of the Curculioninae is fairly robust considering its enormous size; there is some dispute, however, in their exact boundary with the Molytinae. The Phrynixini and Trypetidini are also included in the Curculioninae by some authors, but more often they are considered Molytinae; conversely, the Itini are usually placed in the Curculioninae but sometimes in the Molytinae, which are also expanded by certain authors to include, among others, the whole Cryptorhynchinae. These, as well as the Ceutorhynchinae, are sometimes included in the Curculioninae as additional tribes Cryptorhynchini and Ceutorhynchini. And some genera while almost certainly Curculioninae, are too unusual and/or ancient to be easily assigned to a specific tribe.

Features used to distinguish some of the tribes are:

Cionus hortulanus (Cionini)

Dorytomus longimanus (Ellescini)

Rhynchaenus fagi (Rhamphini)

Pseudostyphlus pillumus (Styphlini)

Pygidium exposed	Acalyptini[2] Ceutorhynchini
Foreleg femora with large triangular tooth	Camarotini[3]
Tarsi with one claw (not two)	Cryptoplini (including Haplonychini)
Mandibular (chewing) motion vertical (not horizontal)	some Curculionini
Prothorax with lateral keels	Derelomini[2]
Prothorax narrowed at base (ant mimic)	Erodiscini[3] Otidocephalini
Hindleg femora enlarged	Eugnomini (with triangular tooth) Rhamphini (swollen for jumping)
Tarsal claws fused at base	Smicronychini[3]
Prosternum anterior to foreleg coxae has a groove into which the rostrum is tucked (if groove continues posterior to coxae: Cryptorhynchinae)	Storeini

List of tribes

Some notable genera are also listed.

Acalyptini Acalyptus Acentrini Ancyloenemidini Anoplini Anthonomini Anthonomus Brachonyx Camarotini Cenchrenini Ceratopodini Cionini Cionus Cryptoplini (= Haplonychini) Curculionini Curculio Derelomini Ellescini Dorytomus Ellescus Erodiscini Eugnomini Meriphus Pactolotypus Geochini Itini (sometimes in Molytinae)

Mecinini Mecinus Rhinusa Neosharpiini Nerthopini Otidocephalini Piazorhinini Prionobrachiini Pyropini Rhamphini Rhynchaenus Smicronychini Sphaeriopoeini Storeini Glaucopela Peristoreus Styphlini Pseudostyphlus Tychiini Lignyodes Tychius Ulomascini Misophrice Incertae sedis Notinus (Storeini or Tychiini)

Footnotes

1. ^ Kuschel (1995)
2. ^ ^{a b} Kojima & Morimoto (2005)
3. ^ ^{a b c} Marvaldi & Lanteri (2005)

References

• Kuschel, G. (1995): A phylogenetic classification of Curculionoidea to families and subfamilies. In: Anderson, R.S. & Lyal, C.H.C. (eds.): Biology and Phylogeny of Curculionoidea. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 14: 5-33.

• Marvaldi, A.E. & Lanteri, A.A. (2005): Key to higher taxa of South American weevils based on adult characters (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 78(1): 65-87 [English with Spanish abstract]. PDF fulltext

• Kojima, H. & Morimoto, K. (2005): Weevils of the Tribe Acalyptini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae): Redefinition and a taxonomic treatment of the Japanese, Korean and Taiwanese species. Esakia 45: 69–115. PDF fulltext

This Curculionidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Curculionidae Curculionidae stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? Zelig (disambiguation) Howard Carter (Evangelist) Look at other dictionaries: Curculioninae — ? Curculioninae Cionus hortulanus …   Википедия Curculioninae — Curculioninae …   Wikipédia en Français Curculio — This article is about the weevil. For the Plautus play, see Curculio (play). Curculio Curculio nucum Scientific classification …   Wikipedia Molytinae — Hylobius abietis Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia …   Wikipedia Долгоносики — Lixus angustatus …   Википедия Boll weevil — For other uses, see Boll weevil (disambiguation). Boll Weevil Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia …   Wikipedia Peristoreus — Taxobox name = Peristoreus regnum = Animalia phylum = Arthropoda classis = Insecta ordo = Coleoptera familia = Curculionidae subfamilia = Curculioninae tribus = Storeini genus = Peristoreus genus authority = Kirsch, 1877 subdivision ranks =… …   Wikipedia Stromboscerini — Taxobox name = Stromboscerini regnum = Animalia phylum = Arthropoda classis = Insecta ordo = Coleoptera subordo = Polyphaga infraordo = Cucujiformia superfamilia = Curculionoidea familia = Curculionidae subfamilia = Dryophthorinae tribus =… …   Wikipedia List of weevil (Curculionoidea) species recorded in Britain — The following is a list of the weevils recorded in Britain. For other beetle families, see the parent article List of beetle species recorded in Britain. Family Nemonychidae * Cimberis attelaboides Family Anthribidae * Anthribus fasciatus *… …   Wikipedia Cryptorhynchinae — {{Taxobox | name = Cryptorhynchinae | image = Cryptorhynchus.lapathi. .calwer.33.21.jpg | image caption = Cryptorhynchus lapathi | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Coleoptera | subordo = Polyphaga | infraordo …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”