Finno-Ugric peoples

The term Finno-Ugric people is used to describe peoples speaking a Finno-Ugric language. The subgroups include Finnic peoples and Ugric peoples. They are a subgroup of Uralic peoples.

Location

The four largest Finno-Ugric peoples are Hungarians (14,800,000), Finns (6,000,000-7,000,000), Mordvins (1,200,000), and Estonians (1,100,000). Three of them (Hungarians, Finns, and Estonians) have their independent states - Hungary, Finland, and Estonia. The traditional area of the indigenous Sámi people is in Northern Fenno-Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula in Northwest Russia and is known as Sápmi. Some other Finno-Ugric peoples have autonomous republics in Russia: Karelians (Republic of Karelia), Komi (Komi Republic), Udmurts (Udmurt Republic), Mari (Mari El Republic), and Mordvins (Moksha and Erzya; Republic of Mordovia). Khanty and Mansi peoples live in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia, while Komi-Permyaks live in Komi-Permyak Okrug, which formerly was an autonomous okrug of Russia, but today is a territory with special status within Perm Krai.

Inter-Finno-Ugric Cultural Contacts

Finno-Ugric intercultural festivals, conferences, museums, and artistic, scholarly, and charity collaborations are present and active amongst many populations of speakers of Finno-Ugric or Uralic languages. In addition, artists and scholars from many Finno-Ugric peoples, such as Estonians, Finns, Udmurts, Mordvins (Erzya and Moksha), Maris, and others, are active in the Finno-Ugric peoples related Ethnofuturist art-based cultural and philosophical movement. (See external links section.)

Population Genetics

Traditional theories [http://books.google.com/books?id=7rmgP02a_mkC&pg=PR7&ots=BX_ZloC9mA&dq=proff+Hungarian&sig=tg85J7fSIQSnBEMkfYH1g_ujmHY] posit that contemporary speakers of Finno-Ugric languages originated from a single ancient people. Such theories are connected to the outdated thinking about heredity being the same as linguistic relatedness [ [http://virtual.finland.fi/finfo/english/where_do.html Where do Finns come from? ] ] . Thus these theories are rarely accepted by the modern scientific community. In fact, it has not been shown that any contemporary group originated from one single ancient people, barring the earliest humans. Like perhaps all populations, individual groups of Finno-Ugric speakers have a diverse array of cultural, environmental, and genetic influences. However, modern genetic studies have shown that the Y-chromosome haplogroup N3, and sometimes N2, having branched from haplogroup N, which, itself, probably spread north, then west and east from Northern China about 12,000–14,000 years before present from father haplogroup NO (haplogroup O being the most common Y-chromosome haplogroup in Southeast Asia), is almost specific, though certainly not restricted, to Uralic or Finno-Ugric speaking populations, especially as high frequency or primary paternal haplogroup. [ [http://www.nature.com/ejhg/journal/v15/n2/abs/5201748a.html European Journal of Human Genetics - Abstract of article: A counter-clockwise northern route of the Y-chromosome haplogroup N from Southeast Asia towards Europe ] ] [http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/journal/issues/v74n4/40783/40783.web.pdf?erFrom=-1818203271335085617Guest]

However, a more probable assesment is that Finno-Ugric peoples would not originate from a single ancient people, but tribes related to each other, when people speaking Finno-Ugric languages lived in the Ural Mountains region [ [http://groups.msn.com/AncientWisdomCulturesPeople/magyars.msnw Ancient Wisdom Cultures & People ] ] [http://www.hungarian-history.hu/lib/hunspir/hsp05.htm] .

List of peoples

Finno-Ugric peoples are divided into two groups - Finnic and Ugric.

Finnic group:

*Besermyan
*Burtas
*Chud
*Finns
*Estonians
*Karelians
*Komi
*Komi-Permyaks
*Udmurts
*Mari
*Merya people
*Meshchera people
*Mordvins (Moksha and Erzya [http://www.suri.ee/eup/mordvins.html] )
*Muromian people
*Sami (Lapps)
*Setos
*Izhorians
*Livonians
*Veps
*Votes

Ugric group:
*Hungarians
**Székely
**Csángó
**Magyarab
**Jász
*Khanty
*Mansi
*Nenets people

Gallery

References

Further reading

*Mile Nedeljković, Leksikon naroda sveta, Beograd, 2001.

ee also

*Finno-Ugric languages
*Finnic peoples
*Volga Finns
*Ugric peoples
*Comb Ceramic culture

External links

* [http://www.suri.ee/r/index.html URALIC PEOPLES]
* [http://www.suri.ee/eup/mordvins.html MORDVINS (Erzyas and Mokshas)]
* [http://www.suri.ee/eup/maris.html MARIS or Cheremisses]
* [http://www.suri.ee/r/vepsa/vepslink.html VEPSIANS]
* [http://kongress.ugri.info/eng World Congress of Finno-Ugric Peoples]
* [http://www.suri.ee/ The Information Center of Finno-Ugric Peoples (SURI)]
* [http://www.suri.ee/uc/ The Information Center of Finno-Ugric Peoples (SURI) Newsletter: "Uralic Contacts"]
* [http://www.suri.ee/hp/index-en.html Kindred Peoples Programme]
* [http://www.suri.ee/etnofutu/ Etnofotu (Ethnofuturism)]
* [http://www.gov.karelia.ru/Power/Committee/National/Events/9congr_e.html The International Congress of Finno-Ugric Writers]
* [http://www.mafun.org/index.htm The Youth Association of Finno-Ugric Peoples (MAFUN)]
* [http://www.mafun.org/chronicle/expedition.htm International Expedition for high school, college and university students of the Finno-Ugric World]
* [http://www.mafun.org/chronicle/kiidi_eng.htm Finno-Ugric Student's Seminar Camp]
* [http://www.geocities.com/CollegePark/Lab/1942/folklore.html Mari Association of Finno-Ugric Peoples]
* [http://www.finugor.ru/ Federal Finno-Ugric Cultural Center (Sykytyvkar, Komi Republic)]
* [http://www.barentsobserver.com/index.php?id=318387&cat=16289&xforceredir=1&noredir=1 Article on plans for new Federal Finno-Ugric Cultural Center in Sykytyvkar, Komi Republic]
* [http://www.suri.ee/ifusco/c1eng.html International Finno-Ugric Students' Conference (IFUSCO)]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x70ie1BmpE0 Video: "Opening Ceremony of the 23rd IFUSCO in Saransk, Mordovian Republic"]
* [http://www.veps.org/Avustus/friends/for_friends.htm Vepsian Society: Friends for Friends]
* [http://www.veps.org/Teacher/teacher.htm Vepsian Society |Teacher of Vepsian: Planned All-Fenno-Ugrian Church in Vepsia]
* [http://gov.karelia.ru/News/2004/11/1103_09_e.html The International Festival of Theatres of Finno-Ugric Peoples]
* [http://www.nettilinja.fi/~pniikko/ugric.htm World Championship of Kalevala Chanting & Ugric Rumble Ethno Music Festival]
* [http://www.nettilinja.fi/~pniikko/ugric.htm Uralkult Festival: "Finno-Ugric culture now!"]
* [http://www.nettilinja.fi/~pniikko/ugric.htm Ugriculture: Contemporary Finno-Ugric art at the Gallen Kallela Museum]
* [http://www.nettilinja.fi/~pniikko/ugric.htm On the Banks of the Volga: "Life of a Finno-Ugrian people past and present"]
* [http://www.nettilinja.fi/~pniikko/ugric.htm Bearslaying Theatre Festival: Theatre by Finno-Ugric Peoples]
* [http://www.mafun.org/chronicle/groves.html MAFUN |"The Sacred Groves and the Grandmothers" Photo Exhibition]
* [http://www.indiana.edu/~ceus/u320-uralic-peoples-decsy.html University of Indiana Bloomington |Central Eurasian Studies: Uralic Peoples]
* [http://www.russiatoday.ru/features/news/11044 "Russia Today" news article, July 20, 2007: "Finno-Ugric nations celebrate in Russia"]