Imperial Crypt Vaults

The Imperial Crypt Vaults are the various chambers of the Imperial Crypt in Vienna in which most members of the senior lines of the Habsburg dynasty, the hereditary Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire, have been entombed, beginning in 1632.

The Imperial Crypt Vaults are an interconnected series of ten subterranean vaulted rooms, built at various times as more space was needed.

The visible 103 metal sarcophagi and 5 heart urns range in style from puritan plain to exuberant rococo. The Imperial Crypt is one of the top tourist attractions in Vienna.

The bodies of 142 aristocrats, plus urns containing the hearts or cremated remains of four others, are deposited here (as of 2005). They include 12 Emperors and 18 Empresses. The most recent entombment was in 1989.

From other families there are 32 spouses, plus two others, who have found their resting place here. Everyone else in the Imperial Crypt was born with the Habsburgs-only title of Archduke or Archduchess.

In 1960, with the various vaults overcrowded, a major rearrangement project began which resulted in the construction of the Children's Columnbarium and the New Vault. At the same time many bodies were moved to those new areas, others were moved from the Tuscan Vault and Ferdinand’s Vault and walled up into the corner piers of Ferdinand's Vault.

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Subscript numbers behind the names of most persons listed in this article are used to avoid confusion in cross-references due to the similarity or duplication of names over the many generations. A unique small index number appears with the name of every person buried in the Imperial Crypt. The number corresponds with that person's entry in the listing below of occupants of each Vault, to which it is hyperlinked. When necessary to establish continuity, a person buried elsewhere is assigned a number preceded by an x and then listed in the Selected Other Habsburgs section.

The Founders' Vault

The "Gründergruft" is the oldest part of the Kaisergruft, dating from the original construction of the church (completed in 1632), and lies under the Emperor Chapel at the left of the nave of the church above. The room is low, plain, and windowless, and visible through baroque gates from Leopold’s Vault. Here stand the two plain sarcophagi of the founding couple.

"Looking through the gate, from left to right:"

*biohead|2|Emperor Matthias (1557 - 1619)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Third son of Emperor Maximilian II.bioxref|x527 Once governor of the Austrian Netherlands, he wrested power over Austria, Hungary and Moravia from his inept brother Emperor Rudolf IIbioxref|x552 in 1608 and inherited the rest in 1612. He built the original hunting lodge that became Schönbrunn, and died only three months after his wife Empress Anna.bioxref|1 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|1|Empress Anna of Tyrol (4 October 1585 - 15 December 1618)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Daughter of Ferdinand II, Duke of Tyrol and wife of her cousin Emperor Matthiasbioxref|2 who was 28 years older than her. She provided in her will of 1617 for the establishment of a crypt for the her and her husband in a Capuchin's Church to be built in Vienna, and died only one year later, at age 33 after seven years of a childless marriage. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

Leopold's Vault

The "Leopoldsgruft" was built under the nave of the church above, beginning in 1657 by Emperor Leopold I,bioxref|37 following the edict of his father Emperor Ferdinand IIIbioxref|27 that the hereditary burial place of the imperial family would be in this church. Considering that Leopold contributed his three wives and 16 of his children—plus himself—to the population of the crypt, it was inevitable that other vaults would be needed soon.

"Children's Columbarium"

Turning to the left of the gates to the Founders’ Vault, in the thick east foundation wall of the church are twelve longitudinal recessed niches built in the 1960s containing sarcophagi of 12 children. The coffins had previously been in either the Founders’ Vault or the main hall of this vault, but were generally in poor condition and have now been placed into identical cases. No markings or documentation identifies which child lies in which coffin, but those buried in these niches are:

"Four children of Emperor Ferdinand III"bioxref|27:

"Seven children of Emperor Leopold I"bioxref|37:
*biohead|7|Archduke Ferdinand Wenzel (1667 - 1668)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Infant son of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 and Empress Margarita Teresa.bioxref|20 His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|11|Archduchess Anna Maria Sophia (1674)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 and Empress Claudia Felicitas.bioxref|24 Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|12|Archduchess Maria Josepha (1675 - 1676)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 and Empress Claudia Felicitas.bioxref|24 Her heart is in a gold and silver urn atop her mother's sarcophagus in the Dominican Church.

*biohead|14|Archduchess Maria Margareta (1690 - 1691)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Infant daughter of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 and Empress Eleonora Magdelena.bioxref|32 Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

"Grandson of Emperor Ferdinand III"bioxref|27:

*biohead|15|Unnamed (1686)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Son of Johann Wilhelm of Pfalz-Neuberg and Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha.bioxref|17

"Main Hall"

"In front of the Children's Columbarium:"

*biohead|9|"(Urn containing the heart of)" Queen Maria Anna of Portugal (9 July 1683 - 14 August 1754)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Body in Lisbon, beside her husband John V of Portugal.

"Proceeding along the north wall, east-to-west:"

*biohead|16|Archduchess Maria Josepha (1687 - 1703)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche, and her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|17|Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha (20 December 1654 - 4 April 1689)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III.bioxref|27 Wife of Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|18|Queen Eleonora Maria of Poland (21 May 1653 - 17 December 1697)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III.bioxref|27 Wife of Michał Wiśniowiecki, King of Poland, then of Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine by whom she became grandmother of the two brothers who married Empress Maria Theresiabioxref|56 and her sister.bioxref|39

*biohead|19|Empress Eleonora Magdalena of Mantua-Nevers-Gonzaga (18 November 1630 - 6 December 1686)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Third wife of Emperor Ferdinand III.bioxref|27 Foundress of the Order of the Starry Cross (the Sternkreuzorden). Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|20|Empress Margarita Teresa (12 August 1651 - 12 March 1673)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Niece and first wife of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 at age 15. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|22|Empress Maria Anna (18 August 1606 - 13 May 1646)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Born Infanta of Spain, first wife of Emperor Ferdinand III.bioxref|27

*biohead|23|Archduchess Maria Amalia (5 April 1724 - 19 April 1730)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Six-year old youngest daughter of Emperor Karl VI.bioxref|40 Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|24|"(Urn containing the heart of)" Empress Claudia Felicitas (30 May 1653 - 8 April 1676)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Second wife of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Her body, by her own request, is dressed in the habit of a Dominican nun and is entombed beside her mother in the Dominican Church in Vienna. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

"Proceeding along the south wall, east-to-west:"

*biohead|25|Archduchess Maria Theresia (1684 - 1696)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Twelve-year old daughter of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|26|Archduke Leopold Joseph (1682 - 1684)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Son of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 His sarcophagus is normal sized although he was only two years old when he died.

*biohead|27|Emperor Ferdinand III (13 July 1608 - 2 April 1657)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Third son of Emperor Ferdinand II.bioxref|x578 →Family Tree Nine of his children are buried here. His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|28|Archduchess Maria Antonia (18 January 1669 - 24 December 1692)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Leopold Ibioxref|37 and wife of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|29|King Ferdinand IV of the Romans (8 September 1633 - 9 July 1654)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand III.bioxref|27 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and his intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom. He established the tradition of burial of different parts in three separate Vienna churches.

*biohead|30|Archduke Leopold Johann (13 April 1716 - 4 November 1716)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Six-month old only son of Emperor Karl VI.bioxref|40 His death later led to the War of the Austrian Succession because his father had no other male heirs. His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|31|Archduchess Maria Magdalena (26 March 1689 - 1 May 1743)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37

*biohead|32|Empress Eleonora Magdalena of Pfalz-Neuburg (6 January 1655 - 19 January 1720)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Third wife of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37

Karl's Vault

The first part of the "Karlsgruft" was built in 1710 by Emperor Joseph I.bioxref|35 In 1720 it was extended by Johann Lukas von Hildebrandt on the orders of Emperor Karl VIbioxref|40 and shelters 8 containers:

"Proceeding along the south wall, from left to right:"

*biohead|37|Emperor Leopold I (9 June 1640 - 5 May 1705)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Second son of Emperor Ferdinand IIIbioxref|27 and father of Emperors Joseph Ibioxref|35 and Karl VI.bioxref|40 He repelled an effort by the Muslims to conquer Europe at the Second Siege of Vienna. He built the Leopold's Wing of the Hofburg, used today as the offices of the president of Austria. He can be seen sculpted, kneeling prayer for the end of the plague epidemic, on the plague column "(Pestsäule)" in Vienna. Died at age 65 after a reign of 48 years. His three wives and 16 of his children are buried here. His heart is buried in urn 11 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and his viscera are in urn 41 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|38|Archduchess Maria Elisabeth (1680 - 1741)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Unmarried, she was appointed governor of the Austrian Netherlands in her own right and when she died at age 69, was originally buried in Brussels but was transferred here 8 years later. Her heart is buried in urn 14 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her viscera are in urn 51 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|39|Archduchess Maria Anna (14 September 1718 - 16 December 1744)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Daughter of Emperor Karl VI.bioxref|40 and sister of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 She married Charles of Lorraine, brother of Maria Theresia's husband, Emperor Franz I Stephen.bioxref|55 They were joint governors of the Austrian Netherlands. She died in Brussels at age 24 whence her body was transferred at her sister's order. Her heart is buried in urn 15 in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her viscera are in urn 52 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|40|Emperor Karl VI (1 October 1685 - 20 October 1740)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Younger son of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Raised in Spain in preparation to inherit the Spanish throne upon the death of his childless cousin, the War of the Spanish Succession ended when Karl unexpectedly inherited the Empire upon his brother Joseph'sbioxref|35 early death and no one wanted to allow the dominance that would come from empowering Karl with both realms. Moving to Vienna, he brought the Spanish Riding School with him and built the magnificent hall it uses today. Because he had no surviving male heirs,bioxref|30 he negotiated the Pragmatic Sanction to assure that his daughter Maria Theresiabioxref|56 would succeed him, going so far as to pre-bribe the nineElectors but, of course, once he died they ignored their promises but kept the money, resulting in the War of the Austrian Succession. He died after a reign of 29 years, at age 55 after catching a cold while hunting. His heart is buried in urn 13 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and his viscera are in urn 48 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

His tomb is one of the most remarkable, with a death's head at each corner wearing one of the distinctive crowns of his major realms (the Empire, Bohemia, Hungary, and Austria).

"The empty plaza at the west third of this vault was used as the area for reception ceremonies when new bodies were brought in after the funeral ceremonies upstairs."

"Returning along the north wall, from left to right:"

*biohead|36|Empress Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (28 August 1691 - 21 December 1750)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Wife (1708) of Emperor Karl VIbioxref|40 and mother of Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Died at age 59 of heart failure brought on by corpulence and rheumatism. Her sarcophagus is the earliest by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll. Her heart is buried in urn 17 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and her viscera are buried in urn 53 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|35|Emperor Joseph I (1678 - 1711)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Son of Emperor Leopold I.bioxref|37 Allied with the British during the War of the Spanish Succession where his great general Eugene of Savoy worked with the Duke of Marlborough to prevent the throne of Spain going to the French. With no surviving son,bioxref|33 he died of the black pox at age 33 after a reign of 6 years. The heart of his wifebioxref|34 is nearby. His heart is buried in urn 12 the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and his viscera are buried separately in urn 42 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|34|"(Urn containing the heart of )" Empress Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick (21 April 1673 - 10 April 1742)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Wife (1699) of Emperor Joseph I.bioxref|35 The wing of the Hofburg in which she had living space during her widowhood is named after her, but she founded the Salesian Cloister in Vienna 1712 to educate young women and spent much of her time there. She died of edema at age 69. Her body lies dressed in a nun's habit entombed in a simple stone sarcophagus below the high altar in the Salesian Cloister in Vienna.

*biohead|33|Archduke Leopold Joseph (1700 - 1701)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Infant son of Emperor Joseph I.bioxref|35 Died of hydrocephalus. His viscera are buried in urn 38 in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

Maria Theresa's Vault

The three vaults of the Imperial Crypt held 44 bodies plus urns containing the hearts of two other persions when Empress Maria Theresabioxref|56 started construction of the "Maria Theresien Gruft " in 1754. It is behind the church above, with its dome rising into the monastery courtyard and contains the tombs of 16 persons:

"In the entrance archway:"
*biohead|42|Emperor Joseph II (Schönbrunn 13 March 1741 - Vienna 20 February 1790|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Son of Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 A populist who became known as "the people's emperor," he initiated many reforms (including a prohibition on embalming and elaborate burials), many of which he repudiated in disillusionment shortly before his death. In keeping with his edict, his body is unembalmed and intact within a simple copper tomb. He died shortly before his 49th birthday after an official reign of 10 years. His equestrian statue in the Josefplatz of the Hofburg palace is where Harry Lime's auto accident occurs in The Third Man. His two wives and two children are buried in this Vault.

"In the small chamber immediately north of Emperor Joseph IIbioxref|42:"

*biohead|41|Countess Karoline von Fuchs Mollard (January 1, 1681 - April 27, 1754)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Long-time family retainer and governess to Empress Maria Theresia,bioxref|56 her sistersbioxref|23 bioxref|39 and her children. The inscription of gratitude on the lid of her sarcopagus is signed by Empress Maria Theresa,bioxref|56 who ordered her burial with the imperial family (although she had no direct blood or matrimonial connection to the Habsburgs) when she died at age 73.

"In the center of the vault, from left to right:"
*biohead|56|Empress Maria Theresa (13 May 1717 - 29 November 1780)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Eldest surviving descendant of Emperor Karl VI,bioxref|40→Family Tree her ascension was contested and officially the crown of the Empire went to her husband (1736) Emperor Franz I Stephen.bioxref|55 Dying at age 63, her forty years' reign is thought of by the Austrians as the British think of Queen Victoria: the golden years of power, prestige and empire. A prominent statue of her enthroned and surrounded by her ministers is a landmark at the entrance to the Museumplatz. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|55|Emperor Franz I Stephen (Lunéville 8 December 1708 - Innsbruck 18 August 1765)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Duke of Lorraine and Grand Duke of Tuscany. Husband of Empress Maria Theresa,bioxref|56 he died at age 56 after nominally being Emperor for 25 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

This double tomb of Empress Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I Stephen, sculpted by Balthasar Ferdinand Moll is of particular artistic merit and is probably the most glorious in terms of design.

"In the small chamber immediately south of Emperor Joseph IIbioxref|42:"

*biohead|43|Archduchess Maria Karolina (September 17, 1748 - September 17, 1748)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Still-born daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.

"Along the south wall, young children of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 From left to right:"

*biohead|44|Archduke Karl Joseph Emanuel Johann Nepomuck Anton Prokop (February 1, 1745 - January 18, 1761)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Second son of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa. Died of small pox shortly before his 16th birthday. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|45|Archduchess Marie Johanna Gabriele Josephe Antonie (February 4, 1750 - December 23, 1762|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Eighth daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Died of small pox at age 12. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|46|Archduchess Marie Josephe Gabriele Johanna Antonie Anna (March 19, 1751 - October 15, 1767)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Ninth daughter of Emperor Franz Ibioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Unhappy with the marriage arranged for her, she died of small pox the day before her wedding, at age 16.

"Along the west wall, mainly the family of Emperor Joseph II.bioxref|42 From left to right:"

*biohead|48|Archduchess Marie Elisabeth Amalie Antonie Josephe Gabriele Johanna Agathe (February 5, 1737 - June 7, 1740)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Three-years old, eldest daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|49|Empress Maria Josepha of Bavaria (March 30, 1739 - May 28, 1767)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Second wife (1765) of Emperor Joseph II.bioxref|42 She was the daughter of the only non-Habsburg Emperor since 1438, Karl VII of Bavaria and his wife, a daughter of Emperor Joseph I.bioxref|35 Especially because of the unusually potent form of small pox of which she died at age 28, her body was not embalmed but immediately placed intact into her coffin. Her husband of 2 years had not developed a regard for her, and did not attend her funeral.

*biohead|50|Archduchess Isabella Maria of Bourbon-Parma (31 December 1741 - 27 November 1763)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 First wife (1760) of Emperor Joseph II.bioxref|42 Daughter of Philip, Duke of Parma (1720 - 1765) (brother of King Philip V of Spain) and Louise-Elisabeth of Bourbon (14 August 1727 - 6 December 1759) (daughter of King Louis XV of France). Greatly beloved by her husband, at age 21 she contracted small pox during her second pregnancy and died 5 days after giving birth to a still born daughter.bioxref|51 Under her husband's orders, her body was buried whole and unembalmed.

*biohead|53|Archduchess Marie Caroline Ernestine Antonie Johanna Josephe (January 12, 1740 - January 25, 1741)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Third daughter of Emperor Franz I Stephenbioxref|55 and Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Died at age 1 year. Her intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

"Beside the entrance to Franz’s Vault on the north wall:"

Franz's Vault

In 1824 the four vaults of the Imperial Crypt held 78 bodies and urns containing the hearts of three other persons. In that year Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 built the octagonal "Franzensgruft," attaching it to the right wing of Maria Theresa’s Vault. It is in the Biedermeier style, as are the five tombs within it.

"In the center:"biohead|57|Emperor Franz II (Florence 12 February 1768 - Vienna 2 March 1835)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Eldest son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 →Family Tree He was emperor during the times of Napoleon Bonaparte and Ludwig van Beethoven. He changed crowns from Franz II of the Holy Roman Empire to Franz I of theAustrian Empire in mid-reign, and thus is often denoted as Franz II/I. The full-size crown atop his tomb is that of the Austrian Empire. He died at age 67 after a reign of 43 years. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche. His statue, dressed as a Roman emperor, stands in the main courtyard of the Hofburg palace.

"In the corners, clockwise starting from the near left (south west) corner:

*biohead|59|Empress Elisabeth Wilhelmine von Württemberg-Mömpelgard (Treptow 21 April 1767 - Vienna 18 February 1790)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 First wife (1788) of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 She died at age 22 a day after giving birth to Ludovika Elisabeth Franziska.bioxref|66

*biohead|60|Empress Maria Teresa of Naples and Sicily (Naples 6 June 1772 - Vienna 13 April 1807)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57Second wife (1790) at age 18 of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 Mother of Empress Maria Louisebioxref|127 (second wife of Napoleon), Emperor Ferdinand,bioxref|62 and all subsequent children of her husband. Because her motherbioxref|107 was a sister of her husband's fatherbioxref|113 the couple were first cousins. →Family Tree (ancestors) She died at age 34 of tuburcular pleurisy just days after giving premature birth to Amalia Therese.bioxref|96 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|61|Empress Karolina Augusta of Bavaria (Mannheim 8 February 1792 - Vienna 9 February 1873)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Fourth wife (1816) of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 Died the day after her 81st birthday, having survived her husband by 38 years and two reigns.

*biohead|58|Empress Maria Ludowika of Austia-Este (Monza 14 December 1787 - Verona 7 April 1816)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Third wife (1808) at age 20 of 40-year old cousin Emperor Franz II,bioxref|57 she contracted tuberculosis shortly after their wedding, suffering from it for the eight years of marriage before dying at age 28. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

Until 1940, this vault also held the body of a grandson of Emperor Franz II,bioxref|57 Franz Joseph Karl, Duke of Reichstadtbioxref|x811 (1811 - 1832). →Family Tree Adolf Hitler ordered that the body be returned to France where it now rests in Les Invalides in Paris near the body of his father, Napoléon Bonaparte. His heart is still buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

Through the doorway in the west wall to the left is the south part of the Tuscan Vault. In the east wall is the west entrance to the Crypt Chapel. The north wall opens into Ferdinand’s Vault.

Ferdinand's Vault

The "Ferdinandsgruft" was built in 1842, along with the Tuscan Vault, in conjunction with the reconstruction of the monastery above. Although the visitor sees an almost-empty room with only two sarcophagi, this vault actually contains one-fourth of the Imperial Crypt's entire population, walled-up into the corner piers.

"Skip ahead to tombs:" 64-72, 73-79, 80-87, 88-100

"Main Hall"

*biohead|62|Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria (1793 - 1875)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Son of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|63|Empress Maria Anna (1803 - 1884)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Born Princess of Savoy, wife of Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria.bioxref|62

"Within the southwest pier:"

"Nine tombs, mostly of youths:"

*biohead|64|Archduke Alexander Leopold Johann Joseph, Palatine of Hungary (Poggio Imperiale 14 August 1772 - Laxenburg 12 July 1795)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Fourth son of Emperor Leopold IIbioxref|113 and Empress Maria Ludovika.bioxref|114 Died at 13. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|65|Archduchess Maria Amalia Josephe Johanna Katharina Theresia (Florence 15 October 1780 - Vienna 25 December 1798)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Daughter of Emperor Leopold IIbioxref|113 and Empress Maria Ludovika.bioxref|114 Died at 18. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|66|Archduchess Louise Elisabeth (Vienna 18 February 1790 - Vienna 24 June 1791)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Infant first daughter of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|60 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|67|Archduchess Maria Eleonore of Austria-Teschen (Groß-Seelowitz 19 November 1864 - Groß-Seelowitz 9 December 1864)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Infant second daughter of Archduke Karl Ferdinand.bioxref|121

*biohead|68|Archduke Franz Joseph of Austria-Teschen (Groß-Seelowitz 5 March 1855 - Groß-Seelowitz 13 March 1855)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Infant first son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand.bioxref|121 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|69|Archduke Joseph Franz Leopold (Vienna 9 April 1799 - Laxenburg 30 June 1807)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Second son of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|60 Died at 8. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|70|Archduke Leopold Ludwig Maria Franz Julius Eustorgius Gerhard (Milan 6 June 1823 - Hörnstein 24 May 1898)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 First son of Archduke Rainerbioxref|x783 and Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 75.

*biohead|71|Archduke Johann Nepomuk Karl (Vienna 29 August 1805 - Vienna 19 February 1809)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Fourth son of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|60 Died at 4. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|72|Archduke Robert Ferdinand Salvator (Salzburg 15 October 1885 - Salzburg 2 August 1895)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Ten-years old, last of the 11 children of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV of Tuscanybioxref|108 and Alicia Bourbon-Parma.

"Within the southeast pier:"

*biohead|73|Archduchess Maria Antonia (1858 - 1883)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Daughter of Grand Duke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany.bioxref|108 Died at 25.

*biohead|75|Archduchess Maria Karolina (1821 - 1844)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Daughter of Archduke Rainerbioxref|x783 and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Died at 23.

*biohead|79|Archduchess Karoline Ferdinanda (1793 - 1802)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Daughter of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscanybioxref|x769 and Luisa Maria Amelia Teresa of Naples.bioxref|84a Died at 9. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"Within the northwest pier:"

"Eight tombs, containing 9 bodies:"

*biohead|80|Archduchess Natalie Maria Theresia (Preßburg 12 January 1884 - Preßburg 23 March 1898)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Fourth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinandbioxref|121) and Princess Isabella of Croy-Dülmen. Died at 14.

*biohead|81|Archduchess Stephanie Maria Isabelle (Preßburg 1 May 1886 - Ostend 29 August 1890)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Fifth daughter of Archduke Friedrich of Teschen (second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinandbioxref|121) and Princess Isabella von Croy-Dülmen. Died at 4.

*biohead|82|Archduchess Maria Anna (Vienna 8 June 1804 - Baden bei Wien 28 December 1858)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Unmarried 54-year old daughter of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Maria Theresia. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|84a|Grand Duchess Maria Luisa (Naples 27 July 1773 - Vienna 19 September 1802)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Died in childbirthbioxref|84b at 29. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche. Daughter of Queen Maria Karolina of Naples and Sicily.bioxref|107 First wife (1790) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany.bioxref|x769 →Family Tree

:*biohead|84b|Unnamed (1802)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Infant son of Maria Luisa.bioxref|84a Both died during his birth and are buried in the same coffin.

*biohead|85|Grand Duchess Maria Antonietta Anna of the Two Sicilies (Palermo 19 December 1814 - Orth 7 November 1898)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Second wife (1833) of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.bioxref|109 Died shortly before her 84th birthday.

*biohead|86|Grand Duchess Maria Anna of Saxony (Dresden 27 April 1796 - Schloß Brandeis, Bohemia 3 January 1865)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Second wife (1821) of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany.bioxref|x769 Died at age 68. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|87|Archduchess Caroline Ludovika Leopoldine (Vienna 9 December 1795 - Schloß Hetzendorf 30 June 1799)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Fourth daughter of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Maria Theresia.bioxref|60 Died at 3. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"Within the northeast pier:"

"Thirteen tombs, principally members of the Tuscan line:"

*biohead|88|Archduke Albrecht Salvator Marie Joseph Ferdinand Karl Anton Johannes Xaver Aloys Rainer Klemens Roman (Alt-Bunzlau 22 November 1871 - Bolzano 27 February 1896)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Son of Archduke Karl Salvatorbioxref|90 and Maria Immakulata.bioxref|89 Died at 24.

*biohead|89|Archduchess Maria Immakulata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Naples 14 April 1844 - Vienna 18 February 1899)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Wife of Archduke Karl Salvator.bioxref|90 Died at age 54.

*biohead|90|Archduke Karl Salvator Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Filippo Jacopo Gennaro Lodovico Gonzaga Raniero (Florence 30 April 1839 - Vienna 18 January 1892)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany.bioxref|109 Among his sons was Franz Salvator, who married Marie Valerie, a daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph.bioxref|142 Died at 52.

*biohead|91|"(Urn containing the cremated remains of)" Archduke Leopold Maria Alphons Blanka Karl Anton Beatrix Michael Joseph Peter Ignatz (Agram 30 January 1897 - Mansfield, Connecticut 14 March 1958)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Second son of Archduke Leopold Salvator.bioxref|132 Naturalized in the USA as Leopold Lorraine in 1953. Died at 61. Married morganatically.

*biohead|92|Archduchess Maria Antonia Immakulata Josepha Ferdinanda Theresia Leopoldine Franziska Karoline Isabella Januaria Luise Christine Appolonie (Vienna 18 April 1874 - Arco 14 January 1891)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvatorbioxref|90 and Maria Immakulata.bioxref|89

*biohead|93|Archduke Ernst Karl Felix Maria Rainer Gottfried Cyriak (Milan 8 August 1824 - Arco 4 April 1899)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Son of Archduke Rainerbioxref|x783 and Princess Elisabeth of Savoy. Married morganatically and his children bore the surname "von Wallburg".

*biohead|95|Archduchess Maria Karoline Leopoldine Franziska Theresia Josepha Medarde (Vienna 8 June 1794 - Vienna 16 March 1795)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Daughter of Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 and Maria Theresia.bioxref|60 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|97|Archduchess Henriette Maria Immakulata Adelgunde Josepha Ferdinande Theresia Leopoldine Franziska Karoline Isabella Januaria Luise Christine Eleonore (Vienna 20 February 1884 - Traunkirchen 13 August 1886)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Daughter of Archduke Karl Salvatorbioxref|90 and Maria Immakulata.bioxref|89

*biohead|98|Archduke Ludwig Salvator Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Dominicus Raineri Ferdinando Carl Zenobius Antonin (Florence 4 August 1847 - Schloß Brandeis 12 October 1915)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Son of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany.bioxref|109 Sociologist and traveler of the Mediterranean. [http://www.ludwig-salvator.com Memorial website (in German)] .

*biohead|99|Infanta Maria Theresia of Portugal (Kleinheubach 24 August 1855 - Vienna 12 February 1944)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 At age 18 she became the third wife (1873) of the twice-widowed Archduke Karl Ludwigbioxref|138 who was 22 years older, and she survived him by 48 years. For the seven years after the death of Crown Prince Rudolfbioxref|144 her husband was the heir-apparent and she undertook many of the representional duties neglected by the ever-travelling Empress Elisabeth "("Sissi")"bioxref|143 until her married stepson Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Estebioxref|x863 became the heir-apparent. During World War I she worked as a nurse, and accompanied the last emperor, Karl Ibioxref|x887 into exile on Madeira but returned to spend her old age in Vienna.

*biohead|100|Archduke Joseph Ferdinad Salvator Maria Franz Leopold Anton Albert Johann Baptist Karl Ludwig Rupert Maria Auxilatrix (Salzburg 24 May 1872 - Vienna 25 August 1942)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Second son of Archduke Ferdinand IV of Tuscany.bioxref|108 Like his cousin Archduke Leopold Salvatorbioxref|132 he had an interest in ballooning, and once flew his balloon from Linz to Dieppe in only 16 hours. His interest in things aeronautical had brought him into contact with the future head of the German air force, Herman Goering, who later used his influence to free the Archduke from the German concentration camp at Dachau in 1938 after only 80 days there. Had issue from two morganatic marriages.

The Tuscan Vault

The "Toscanagruft" was built in 1842, along with Ferdinand’s Vault. At that time there were 85 bodies plus the heart urns of three other persons in the five vaults of the crypt.

The Tuscan Vault once held many more than the present 14 tombs, but most were moved to the New Vault or enclosed within the piers of Ferdinand’s Vault during the major rearrangement of 1960. The 5-meter wide vault is very large, being 21 meters long, and extends along the entire western lengths of both Ferdinand's Vault and Franz’s Vault, ending only when it meets the outside wall of the west transept of Maria Theresia's Vault.

This vault takes its name from the many descendants of the younger sons of Emperor Leopold II,bioxref|113 as Grand Duke of Tuscany, who are entombed here.

"Note: the arrangement of tombs listed below was accurate before the 2003 renovation, but they have been rearranged since then."

"In the archway from Ferdinand’s Vault, from left to right:"

*biohead|111|Duke Albert of Saxony-Teschen (11 July 1738 - 10 February 1822)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Husband of Archduchess Maria Christina.bioxref|112 The Albertina museum, in his former palace, is named for him because his collection of paintings formed the nucleus of the museum. After the early death of their only child,bioxref|54 the couple became the adoptive parents of Archduke Karl,bioxref|122 the victor of Aspern. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|112|Archduchess Maria Christina Johanna Josephe Antonie "("Mimi")" (3 May 1742 - 24 June 1798)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Favorite daughter of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 Her mother stalled arranged marriages until after the death of her father, Emperor Franz I Stephen,bioxref|55 so that Maria Christina could marry for love instead of reasons of state -- the only child allowed to do so. She chose Duke Albert of Teschen.bioxref|111 The famous and moving monument he erected to her memory is in the Augustinerkirche. She died of Typhus at age 56. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|113|Emperor Leopold II (1747 - 1792)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Third son of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 →Family Tree Most of his career was spent in Florence, reforming the governance there as Grand Duke of Tuscany, and only his final two years were as Emperor. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|114|Empress Maria Ludovika (24 November 1745 - 15 May 1792)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Originally contracted to marry Empress Maria Theresia'sbioxref|56 second son, Archduke Karl Joseph,bioxref|44 his early death diverted her instead to the third son, who later became Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 In the course of 21 years, she bore her not-always-faithful husband 16 children, among them Emperor Franz II,bioxref|57 and Archduke Karlbioxref|122 the victor of Aspern. Grieving for her husband, she outlived him by only two months leaving many small children. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"Behind them, from left to right:"

*biohead|105|Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton Joseph Johann Stanislaus (1 June 1754 - 24 December 1806)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Fourth son of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 Governor of Lombardy and, later, the Austrian Netherlands. Founder of the House of Austria-Este.bioxref|102, bioxref|x779 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|106|Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Este (7 April 1750 - 14 November 1829)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Wife of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton.bioxref|105

*biohead|107|Queen Maria Karolina of Naples and Sicily 1752 - 1814)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Daughter of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 Wife of King Ferdinand of Naples and Sicily, to whom she bore 17 children. Almost everyone buried in the Imperial Crypt who was born after 1765 is a descendant of her or her brother Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"To the right of the archway, along the north wall, from left to right:"

*biohead|108|Archduke Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany Salvatore Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Battista Francesco Lodovico Gonzaga Raffaele Ranerio Gennaro (1835 - 1908)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Son of Archduke Leopold II,bioxref|109 Grand Duke of Tuscany. Married (1856) Anne of Saxony (Dresden 4 January 1836 - Naples 10 February 1859), then (1868) Alicia of Bourbon-Parma (Parma 27 December 1849 - Schwertberg 16 January 1935). Lost his throne, 9 months after his fatherbioxref|109 had abdicated it to him, when Tuscany was annexed to Italy in 1860.

*biohead|110|Archduke Rainer Ferdinand Maria Johann Evangelist Franz Ignaz (11 January 1827 - 27 January 1913)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113} Son of Archduke Rainer.bioxref|x783 Married Archduchess Marie Karoline.bioxref|83 A major ancient manuscript collector, his 100,000-piece collection is the nucleus of the [http://www.onb.ac.at/ev/collections/papyrus/index.htmpapyrus Papyrus Museum] of the Austrian National Library.

"To the left of the archway, along the west wall, from left to right:"

*biohead|102|Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria-Este (1781 - 1850)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton.bioxref|105 Military commander during the Napoleonic Wars. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|103|Archduke Anton Viktor (31 August 1779 - 2 April 1835)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Eighth son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 Last Grand Master of the Order of Teutonic Knights before Napoleon suppressed it outside of the Habsburg lands. It still functions today, as a religious order operating charitable hospitals in Europe. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|104|Archduke Ludwig Joseph (13 December 1784 - 21 December 1864)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Eleventh son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 Promoter of industrialization in Austria after studying its success in England. Member of the Council of State that exercised power during the reign of the feeble-minded Emperor Ferdinandbioxref|62 of Austria. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"In front of them, along the east wall:"

*biohead|101|Archduke Franz V of Austria-Este, Duke of Modena (1819 - 1875)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Son of Franz IV of Austria-Este.bioxref|x779 After the death of his mother Maria Beatrice of Savoy in 1840, he was considered the legitimate heir to the British throne by Jacobites. He was the last reigning Duke of Modena, which was forcibly incorporated into the new Kingdom of Italy in 1860. Having no surviving descendant, he left most of his huge estate to his ill-fated cousin Archduke Franz Ferdinand,bioxref|x863 who subsequently used the title Archduke of Austria-Este. The art collection of his now-extinct branch, accumulated over centuries, is now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum.

The New Vault

The "Neue Gruft" was built between 1960 and 1962 under the monastery grounds as a 280 square meter enlargement to eliminate the overcrowded jumble of 140 bodies (plus cremation and heart urns of four other persons) in the other nine vaults, and to provide a climate-controlled environment to protect the metal sarcophagi from further deterioration. Its stark concrete walls evoke the solemnity of death. The New Vault is entered from Ferdinand’s Vault, and exits into the back of Franz Joseph’s Vault. It contains 26 sarcophagi:

"Skip ahead to tombs:" 115-119, 120-126, 127, 128-134, 135-141

"West Wall"

"To the left of the entrance, proceeding along the west wall from south to north, the "Bishops Row":"

*biohead|115|Archduke Leopold Wilhelm (6 April 1614 - 20 November 1662)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Son of Emperor Ferdinand II.bioxref|x578 Named at age 13 to take over his uncle Leopold's renounced see at Halberstaedt (when he became 22, this was confirmed by the Pope) and later became also Bishop of Olomouc, Bishop of Breslau, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche and his intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|116|Archduke Karl Joseph (7 August 1649 - 27 January 1664)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Son of Emperor Ferdinand IIIbioxref|27 and Empress Maria Leopoldina,bioxref|21 who died during his birth. Bishop of Olomouc and Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights at age 13 as heir to his uncle, Archduke Leopold Wilhelm.bioxref|115 The art collection he inherited from Archduke Leopold Wilhelmbioxref|115 became the foundation of the Kunsthistorisches Museum. Died at age 15. His intestines are buried separately in the Ducal Crypt of the Stephansdom.

*biohead|117|Karl Joseph of Lorraine (1680 - 1715)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdinand27 Son of Archduchess Eleonora Mariabioxref|18 and Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine. Archbishop of Trier. Uncle of Emperor Franz I Stephen,bioxref|55 the husband of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 He died unexpectedly of smallpox while visiting Vienna and, not being a Habsburg in the male line nor married to one, was originally buried in the Minoritenkirche but was brought here the next year.:*Urn containing heart of Archbishop Karl Joseph of Lorraine,bioxref|117 placed atop his sarcophagus.

*biohead|118|Archduke Maximilian Franz (8 December 1756 - 26 July 1801)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Youngest son of Empress Maria Theresia.bioxref|56 Archbishop of Cologne. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|119|Archduke Rudolph (8 January1788 - 24 July 1831)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Youngest son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 Cardinal and Archbishop of Olomouc. A piano pupil of Ludwig van Beethoven, Beethoven dedicated 14 compositions to him, including the Archduke Trio and his great Missa Solemnis. He, in turn, dedicated one of his own compositions to Beethoven.

"South Wall"

"Along the south wall:"

*biohead|127|Empress Maria Louise (1791 - 1847)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Daughter of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 Empress of France as second wife of Napoléon Bonaparte, later Duchess of Parma in her own right.

*A memorial tablet to "the first victims of the World War 1914 - 1918", Archduke Franz Ferdinandbioxref|x863 (1863 - 1914), son of Archduke Karl Ludwig,bioxref|138 and to Franz Ferdinand's wife Countess Sophie of Chotkova and Wogninbioxref|x868 (1868 - 1914). The couple are buried in the crypt of the castle at Artstetten.

"North Wall"

"Proceeding along the north wall, from west to east, the first ledge contains the immediate family of Archduke Karlbioxref|122 the victor of Aspern:"

*biohead|120|Archduke Wilhelm Franz Karl (21 April 1827 - 29 July 1894)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Youngest son of Archduke Karl.bioxref|122 Became Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.

*biohead|121|Archduke Karl Ferdinand (1818 - 1874)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Son of Archduke Karl.bioxref|122

*biohead|122|Archduke Karl "the victor of Aspern" (1771 - 1847)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Duke of Teschen, third son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 He was adopted by the childless Albert of Saxony-Teschenbioxref|111 and Archduchess Maria Christina.bioxref|112 A statue of him on horseback, holding the regimental colors aloft to rally his troops against Napoleon, stands in the Heldenplatz in Vienna. His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|123|Archduchess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg (30 October 1797 - 29 December 1829)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Wife of Archduke Karl.bioxref|122 She is the only Protestant buried here, after Emperor Franz IIbioxref|57 overrode the resistance of the resident clergy.:*Urn with heart and entrails of Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg.bioxref|123

*biohead|125|Archduke Rudolph Franz (1822 - 1822)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Infant son of Archduke Karl.bioxref|122 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

"On its own pedestal, directly across from the tomb of Empress Maria Louisebioxref|127:"

*biohead|126|Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico (1832 - 1867)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Second son of Archduke Franz Karlbioxref|135 and brother of Emperor Franz Joseph.bioxref|142 Created Emperor of Mexico by France and the Mexican Conservative rival Government, he was overthrown and executed by forces of the warring Mexican Liberals, who would go on to found the Republic.

"The next ledge along the north wall, from left to right, mostly contains the family of Archduke Albrechtbioxref|128 a great military commander of the following generation:"

*biohead|128|Archduke Albrecht (1817 - 1895)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Eldest son of Archduke Karl.bioxref|122 Because of a distinguished military career, an equestrian statue of him was erected on the ramp outside of his former home, the Albertina in Vienna.

*biohead|129|Archduchess Hildegard of Bavaria (10 June 1825 - 2 April 1864)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Wife of Archduke Albrecht.bioxref|128 Sister of Adelgunde of Bavaria.bioxref|94 Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|130|Archduchess Mathilde of Austria-Teschen (25 January 1849 - 6 June 1867)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Daughter of Archduke Albrecht.bioxref|128 At age 18, trying to hide a burning cigarette behind her back, she set her clothes afire and died from her injuries. Her heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|131|Archduke Karl Albert of Austria-Teschen (1847 - 1848)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Infant son of Archduke Albrecht.bioxref|128

*biohead|132|Archduke Leopold Salvator Maria Joseph Ferdinand Franz von Assisi Karl Anton von Padua Johann Baptist Januarius Aloys Gonzaga Ranier Wenzel Gallus (Alt-Bunzlau, Bohemia 15 October 1863 - Vienna 4 September 1931)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Eldest son of Archduke Karl Salvator.bioxref|90 During a brilliant military career, he reorganized and modernized the Austrian artillery, becoming Inspector General in 1908. He flew hot air balloons and work on the development of airships. He grew rich from his inventions such as all-wheel drive and half-track trucks for the army. Married (1889) Blanca Infanta of Spain (Graz 7 Sep 1868-Viareggio 25 Oct 1949).

*biohead|133|Archduke Rainer Karl Leopold Blanka Anton Margarete Beatrix Peter Joseph Raphael Michael Ignaz Stephan (Zagreb 21 November 1895 - Vienna 25 May 1930)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan First son of Archduke Leopold Salvator.bioxref|132 Unmarried.

*biohead|134|Archduchess Margarete Karoline of Saxony (24 May 1840 - 15 September1858)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 First wife (1856) of her mother's nephew, Archduke Karl Ludwig.bioxref|138 The marriage had not yet produced any children when she fell ill of typhus while on holiday in Monza and died at age 18. Her heart is buried in the Hofkapelle in Innsbruck.

"East Wall"

"Proceeding along the east wall, from north to south, the direct ancestors of the last emperors:"

*biohead|135|Archduke Franz Karl (1802 - 1878)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Third son of Emperor Franz II.bioxref|57 When his elder brother Emperor Ferdinandbioxref|62 abdicated in 1848, he stood aside so that his son, Emperor Franz Joseph,bioxref|142 could succeed to the throne instead. Great grandfather of the last reigning emperor, Emperor Karl I.bioxref|x887 His heart is buried in the Herzgruft in the Augustinerkirche.

*biohead|136|Unnamed (1840)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Infant son of Archduke Franz Karl.bioxref|135

*biohead|137|Archduchess Sophie (1805 - 1872)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Wife (1824) of Archduke Franz Karl.bioxref|135 Friendly with Napoleon's sonbioxref|x811 in her youth. She tried to arrange a marriage between her son Emperor Franz Josephbioxref|142 and the eldest daughter of her sister, but he chose the youngest daughter "Sissi"bioxref|143 instead.

*biohead|139|Archduchess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Sicily (24 March 1843 - 4 May 1871)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Second wife (1862) of Archduke Karl Ludwig.bioxref|138

*biohead|140|Archduke Otto "der Schöne"" (the gorgeous) (1865 - 1906)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Second son of Archduke Karl Ludwig.bioxref|138 Father of Emperor Karl I.bioxref|x887 Usually remembered for the widely-circulated story that he had been spotted in a hallway at the Hotel Sacher about to enter a lady's room, wearing only a sword.

*biohead|141|Archduchess Maria Josefa of Saxony (31 May 1867 - 28 May 1944)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Wife (1886) of Archduke Otto.bioxref|140 She strived to keep her children away from the influence of her notorious husband, and her ability to avoid excessive displays of grief when he died was much noted. She would probably wish her tomb was not exactly where it now is. She accompanied the last reigning emperor, Karl Ibioxref|x887 into exile, and spent the remainder of her life with his family after his death.

Franz Joseph's Vault

By 1908 the seven vaults of the crypt already held 129 bodies, plus the heart urns of another 3 persons. In that year the "Franz Josephs Gruft" was built, along with the adjacent Chapel, as part of the celebrations of Emperor Franz Josef'sbioxref|142 60 years on the throne. The vault is usually entered from the north wall in the rear, through the southeast door of the New Vault.

"From the foot of the tombs, left to right:"

*biohead|143|Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria "("Sissi")" (1837 - 1898)| Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Wife of Emperor Franz Joseph.bioxref|142

*biohead|142|Emperor Franz Josef (1830 - 1916)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Son of Archduke Franz Karl.bioxref|135

*biohead|144|Archduke Rudolf (1858 - 1889)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Son of Emperor Franz Joseph.bioxref|142

Turning around from the foot of the tombs, the doorway on the south wall of this vault leads into the Crypt Chapel.

The Crypt Chapel

The "Gruftkapelle" was built, along with Franz Joseph’s Vault, in 1908. It is usually entered from the south doorway of Franz Joseph's Vault. It contains one sarcophagus:

"As one enters, to the right extending from the west wall:"

*biohead|147|Empress Zita of Bourbon-Parma (1892 - 1989)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Wife (1911) of Emperor Karl Ibioxref|x887 of Austria. The hearts of this couple are in the crypt of the [http://www.klosterkirche-muri.ch/kloster/loreto.html Loretto Chapel] of the Benedictine Monastery at Muri, Switzerland.

* Archduke Karl Ludwig March 10 1918 December 11 2007 , son from Zita and Karl I. of Austria is also burried in the Imperial Crypt

"To the left, in front of the east wall:"
*A statue of the Madonna, presented by Hungarian ladies in 1899 as a memorial to Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria.bioxref|143

"In the far-right (southeast) corner:"
*A memorial bust of (Blessed) Emperor Karl I of Austriabioxref|x887 (1887 - 1922), the last reigning Emperor, whose body is buried in the Nossa Senhora do Monte church in Funchal on the Portuguese island of Madeira. →Family Tree

The doorway to the right enters the east side of Franz’s Vault; the west doorway, to the left, is an exit stairway.

Selected Other Habsburgs

Not all of the significant Habsburgs are entombed here. Those referred to in this article but resting elsewhere are:

x415 Emperor Frederick III "("AEIOU")" (1415 - 1493), in the Stephansdom, Vienna.

*biohead|x459|Emperor Maximilian I (1459 - 1519)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Son of Emperor Frederick III.bioxref|x415 Buried in the Georgskapelle, Wiener Neustadt.

*biohead|x457|Duchess Mary of Burgundy (1457 - 1482)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Wealthy heiress of Burgundy, wife of Emperor Maximilian I.bioxref|x459 Buried in the Church of Our Lady, Bruges.

*biohead|x478|King Philip I of Castile (1478 - 1506)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Son of Emperor Maximilian I.bioxref|x459 Buried in the Capilla Real, Granada.

*biohead|x500|Emperor Charles V (1500 - 1556)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Eldest son of King Philip I of Castile.bioxref|x478 Buried in the crypt of El Escorial, near Madrid.:* his descendant successors as Kings of Spain, in the crypt of El Escorial, near Madrid.

*biohead|x527|Emperor Maximilian II (1527 - 1576)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand I.bioxref|x503 Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague.

*biohead|x552|Emperor Rudolf II (1552 - 1612)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Son of Emperor Maximilian II.bioxref|x527 Buried in St. Vitus Cathedral, Prague.

*biohead|x540|Archduke Charles II of Styria (1540 - 1590)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Third son of Emperor Ferdinand I.bioxref|x503 Buried in the [http://www.kaisergruft.at/anhang/seckau.htm Stiftsbasilika] , in Seckau.:* his descendants, the Inner Austria line, in the Stiftsbasilika in Seckau.

"After the Imperial Crypt opened in 1632:"

*biohead|x578|Emperor Ferdinand II (1578 - 1637)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFerdx503 Eldest son of Archduke Charles II of Styria.bioxref|x540 Buried in the [http://www.kaisergruft.at/anhang/graz.htm Grazer Dom] , Graz.:* his descendants, the Austrian Line, are the major group entombed in this Imperial Crypt.

*biohead|x755|Queen Marie Antoinette (1755 - 1793)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Daughter of Empress Maria Theresa.bioxref|56 Buried in Saint Denis Basilica in Paris.

*biohead|x769|Archduke Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany (1769 - 1824)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartTuscan Son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 →Family Tree Buried in the Basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence.

*biohead|x779|Archduke Francis IV, Duke of Modena (1779 - 1846)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartMTheresia56 Son of Archduke Ferdinand Karl Anton.bioxref|105 Buried in the [http://www.jacobite.ca/gazetteer/Modena/SVincenzo.htm Chiesa di San Vincenzo] in Modena.

*biohead|x783|Archduke Rainer (30 September 1783 - 16 January 1853)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Son of Emperor Leopold II.bioxref|113 Buried in the Maria Himmelfahrtskirche in Bolzano (Italy).

*biohead|x811|Prince Franz Joseph Karl, Duke of Reichstadt (1811 - 1832)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Son of Napoléon Bonaparte and Empress Maria Louise.bioxref|127 Buried in Les Invalides in Paris.

*biohead|x856|Archduke Friedrich Maria Albrecht Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Teschen ((Groß-Seelowitz 4 June 1856 - Ungarisch-Altenburg 30 December 1936)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartLeopold113 Second son of Archduke Karl Ferdinandbioxref|121 Buried in the Pfarrkirche in Ungarisch-Altenburg (now Mosonmagyaróvár), Hungary.

*biohead|x868|Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1863 - 1914)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Heir Apparent, eldest son of Archduke Karl Ludwig.bioxref|138 Buried in the [http://www.kaisergruft.at/kaisergruft/artstetten.htm Schlosskapelle] at Artstetten.

*biohead|x868|Duchess Sophie of Hohenberg (1868 - 1914)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Born Countess Chotek, wife of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.bioxref|x863 Buried in the Schlosskapelle at Artstetten.

*biohead|x887|Emperor Karl I (1887 - 1922)|Imperial Crypt#ZegelChartFranz57 Eldest son of Archduke Otto Franz.bioxref|140 Buried in the Nossa Senhora do Monte church in Monte (Funchal) on the Portuguese island of Madeira.

See also

* Imperial Crypt, the main article.
* Ducal Crypt (Vienna), the traditional burial place for the viscera of those entombed here.
* Herzgruft (Vienna), the traditional depository for the hearts of those entombed here.
* Palatinal Crypt, the burial place of the Hungarian Habsburgs in Buda Castle

References

* [http://www.kaisergruft.at/kaisergruft/gruft1.htm Official Website] (in German)
* [http://pages.prodigy.net/ptheroff/gotha/austria.html Online Gotha] maintained by Paul Theroff
* [http://www.kapuziner.at/wien/geschichte.html Capuchin Monastery in Vienna] (in German)
*
*

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