Moxidectin

Moxidectin
Moxidectin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(10E,14E,16E,22Z)-(1R,4S,5′S,6R,6′S,8R,13R,20R,21R,24S)-6′-
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.  ?
Legal status  ?
Routes oral, subcutaneous, topical
Identifiers
CAS number 113507-06-5 YesY
ATCvet code QP54AB02
ChemSpider 16736424 YesY
UNII NGU5H31YO9 YesY
KEGG D05084 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C37H53NO8 
Mol. mass 639.819 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
 YesY(what is this?)  (verify)

Moxidectin (Milbemycin B[1]) is a parasiticide used for the prevention and control of heartworm and intestinal worms, and can be found in treatments prescribed for animals such as dogs, cats, horses, cattle and sheep. It is also used for the prevention of red mite in caged birds.[citation needed] Application methods for moxidectin vary by treatment, and include oral, topical, and injectable solutions. Cydectin Pour On is a trade name for a formualtion for use on cattle and red deer.

Moxidectin is a semisynthetic derivative of nemadectin (Asato & France 1990) which is produced by fermentation by Streptomyces cyano-griseus. This Streptomyces was discovered in a soil sample from Australia in the late 1980s collected by an agronimist working for the American Cyanamid company.

Moxidectin treats and controls some of the most common internal and external parasites by selectively binding to parasites’ glutamate-gated chloride ion channels. These channels are vital to the function of invertebrate nerve and muscle cells; when moxidectin binds to the channels, it disrupts neurotransmission, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite.

Studies of moxidectin show that side effects vary by animal and may be affected by the product’s formulation, application method and dosage. The products are usually recommended by a veterinarian in order to ensure correct use and application. Herding dogs may be avermectin-sensitive, but avermectin sensitive dogs can tolerate standard doses for heartworm prevention. Moxidectin is apparently safe for collie breeds. As a heartworm preventative, moxidectin can be injected once every 6 months under the brand name Proheart6, or every 12 months under the brand name Proheart SR 12.

Moxidectin is the subject of a trial to assess its suitability, as an alternative to ivermectin, to treat onchocerciasis in humans.[2]

References

  1. ^ MeSH: Milbemycin
  2. ^ 'Study comparing moxidectin and ivermectin in subjects with Onchocerca volvulus infection', retrieved 17 November 2009.

External links