Bulgar calendar

Bulgar calendar

The Bulgar calendar is a hypothetical calendar system used by the Bulgars, a seminomadic people, probably of Turkic descent [Encyclopaedia Britannica Online - [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9018006/Bulgar "Bulgars"] ] , originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the Eurasian steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga. The only source of information used for the reconstruction is a a short 15th century transcript in Russian language called Nominalia of the Bulgarian Khans [http://theo.inrne.bas.bg/~dtrif/abv/imenik_e.htm] , which contains 10 pairs of calendar terms. According to the reconstructed calendar, the Bulgars used a 12-year cyclic calendar similar to the one adopted by Turkic peoples from the Chinese calendar, with "names" and "numbers" that are deciphered as in Bulgar language. [ [http://www.kroraina.com/knigi/pp2/pp_1_2_4.htm Образуване на българската държава. проф. Петър Петров (Издателство Наука и изкуство, София, 1981) стр. 171.] ] The reading, along with the "cyclic calendar" interpretation itself, was originally proposed by Finnish Slavist Jooseppi Julius Mikkola in 1913. Later, there have been various modifications and elaborations during the 20th century by scholars such as Géza Fehér, Omeljan Pritsak, Mosko Moskov and other scientists. [ [http://www.promacedonia.org/vz1a/vz1a_prit_01.html Zlataski, Vasil. 1918. Istoriya na balgarskata darzhava prez srednite vekove. Balgarsko letobroene (in Bulgarian)] .] Peter Dobrev, who supports a new "Iranian" fringe theory about the origin of the Bulgars, argues the Turkic names of the "animals", showes that the Turkic peoples had borrowed these words from the Iranian Bulgars. [ [http://www.kroraina.com/pb_lang/index.html Inscriptions and Alphabet of the Proto-Bulgarians, by Peter Dobrev] ]

Animal figures of the Bulgar calendar:

1. Bore {In Bulgar: Doks}

2. Mouse {In Bulgar: Karan, Sursu, Somor, Shashi}

3. Ox {In Bulgar: Volyach, Shegor}

4. Snow Leopard {In Bulgar: Bars, Parus, Boris}

5. Hare {In Bulgar: Dvansh}

6. Dragon {In Bulgar: Ver}

7. Snake {In Bulgar: Attila, Dilom}

8. Horse {In Bulgar: Alasha, Tag, Tek, Tih}

9. Monkey {In Bulgar: Pisin}

10. Ram {In Bulgar: Rassate, Saver, Sever}

11. Rooster {In Bulgar: Tah, Toh}

12. Dog {In Bulgar: Kuche, Eth, Iht, Mugel}

References and notes

External links

* [http://www.bnr.bg/RadioBulgaria/Emission_English/Theme_History_And_Religion/Material/calendar.htm Article on Bulgarian calendar]
* [http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/index.html Book about Old Bulgarians]
* [http://www.sarakt.org/calendar.htm The Bulgarian calendar]
* [http://mandara.narod.ru/ednazhden_22.htm Ednazhden]
* [http://www.euro2001.net/issues/3_1997/7BR97F11.htm peripetiite na kalendara]


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