Xanthate

Xanthate

Xanthates are the salts and esters of a xanthic acid, ROC(=S)SH or O-esters of dithiocarbonic acid where R is any organic residue. The ethyl ester CH3CH2OC(=S)SH is also the parent compound xanthic acid. Many xanthates have a yellow colour, which gives the compound its name derived from "xanthous", meaning yellow. IUPAC does not recommend the use of this term.

Xanthates can be produced by the reaction of an alcohol with sodium or potassium hydroxide and carbon disulfide.Mainly worldwide used xanthates are:

"SEX": Sodium Ethyl Xanthate
"SIPX": Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate
"SIBX": Sodium Isobutyl Xanthate
"PAX": Potassium Amyl Xanthate

Commercially available xanthates are from technical grade only and usually at a 90-95% purity. The content of inorganic by-products in the final product varies depending on the exposure to air and reaction parameters. Alkali-metal sulfide, sufate, trithiocarbonates, thiosulfate, sulfite or carbonate can be found. In addition, residual raw material such as alcohol and alkali hydroxide can exist. No general specifications for xanthates exist.

They can be obtained as powder, granules, flakes or sticks and are also available in solution. Main worldwide export are done from China under granules form.

Xanthates are used as flotation agents in mineral processing. They are intermediates in the Chugaev elimination. Xanthates are also used to control radical polymerisation under the RAFT process, also termed MADIX (macromolecular design via interchange of xanthates).

External links

* [http://www.iupac.org/goldbook/X06696.pdf IUPAC definition]
* [http://hazard.com/msds/tox/tf/q43/q123.html MSDS Potassium xanthate]
* [http://www.chemlink.com.au/xanthate.htm]
* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/650522/xanthate]


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Xanthate — Xan thate, n. [See {Xanthic}.] (Chem.) A salt of xanthic; a xanthogenate. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Xanthate — Xanthate,   Chemie: die Xanthogenate …   Universal-Lexikon

  • xanthate — [zan′thāt΄] n. a salt or ester of xanthic acid …   English World dictionary

  • xanthate — ● xanthogénate ou xanthate nom masculin Sel ou ester de l acide xanthogénique. xanthate [gzɑ̃tat] n. m. ÉTYM. 1846; de xanth , et ate. ❖ ♦ Chim. Sel de l acide xanthique …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • xanthate — xanthation, n. /zan thayt/, n. Chem. a salt or ester of xanthic acid. [1825 35; XANTH(IC ACID) + ATE2] * * * ▪ chemical compound       any of a class of organic salts formed by treatment of an alcohol with carbon disulfide in the presence of an… …   Universalium

  • xanthate — alkoksiditioformiatas statusas T sritis chemija formulė ROC(=S)S(M,R) atitikmenys: angl. alkoxydithioformiate; xanthate; xanthogenate rus. алкоксидитиоформиат; ксантат; ксантогенат ryšiai: sinonimas – alkoksiditiometanoatas …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • xanthate — noun Date: 1831 a salt or ester of any of various thio acids and especially C3H6OS2 …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • xanthate — noun /ˈzænθeɪt/ Any salt or ester of xanthic acid …   Wiktionary

  • xanthate — xan·thate zan .thāt n a salt or ester of any of various thio acids and esp. C3H6OS2 …   Medical dictionary

  • xanthate — xan·thate …   English syllables

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