July 22

Events

*1099 - First Crusade: Godfrey of Bouillon is elected the first Defender of the Holy Sepulchre of The Kingdom of Jerusalem.
*1298 - Wars of Scottish Independence: Battle of Falkirk - King Edward I of England and his longbowmen defeat William Wallace and his Scottish schiltrons outside the town.
*1456 - Ottoman Wars in Europe: Siege of Belgrade - John Hunyadi, Regent of Kingdom of Hungary defeats Mehmet II of Ottoman Empire
*1484 - Battle of Lochmaben Fair - a 500-man raiding party led by Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany and James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas are defeated by Scots forces loyal to Albany's brother James III of Scotland; Douglas is captured.
*1499 - Battle of Dornach - the Swiss decisively defeat the Imperial army of Emperor Maximilian I.
*1587 - Colony of Roanoke: a second group of English settlers arrive on Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
*1686 - Albany, New York is formally chartered as a municipality by Governor Thomas Dongan.
*1793 - Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Pacific Ocean becoming the first Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing of Canada.
*1796 - Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company name an area in Ohio "Cleveland" after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the surveying party.
*1805 - Napoleonic Wars: War of the Third Coalition - Battle of Cape Finisterre - an inconclusive naval action is fought between a combined French and Spanish fleets under Admiral Pierre-Charles Villeneuve of Spain and a British fleet under Admiral Robert Calder.
*1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War - Battle of Salamanca - British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.
*1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - outside Atlanta, Georgia, Confederate General John Bell Hood leads an unsuccessful attack on Union troops under General William T. Sherman on Bald Hill.
*1916 - In San Francisco, California, a bomb explodes on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade killing 10 and injuring 40.
*1933 - Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world traveling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes.
*1934 - Outside Chicago's Biograph Theatre, "Public Enemy No. 1" John Dillinger is mortally wounded by FBI agents.
*1937 - New Deal: the United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
*1942 - The United States government begins compulsory civilian gasoline rationing due to the wartime demands.
* 1942 - Holocaust: the systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto begins.
*1943 - Allied forces capture the Italian city of Palermo.
*1944 - The Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes its manifesto, starting the period of Communist rule in Poland
*1946 - King David Hotel bombing: Irgun bombs King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil and military administration, killing 90.
*1962 - Mariner program: Mariner 1 spacecraft flies erratically several minutes after launch and has to be destroyed.
*1968 - Sir John Newsome recommends public schools should take 50% of their intake from the state school system
*1977 - Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping is restored to power.
*1983 - Martial law in Poland is officially revoked.
*1992 - Near Medellín, Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar escapes from his luxury prison fearing extradition to the United States.
*1997 - The second Blue Water Bridge opens between Port Huron, Michigan and Sarnia, Ontario.
*2002 - Israel assassinates Salah Shahade, the Commander-in-Chief of Hamas's military arm, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, along with 14 civilians.
*2003 - Members of 101st Airborne of the United States, aided by Special Forces, attack a compound in Iraq, killing Saddam Hussein's sons Uday and Qusay, along with Mustapha Hussein, Qusay's 14-year old son, and a bodyguard.
*2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes is killed by police as the hunt begins for the London Bombers. See 7 July 2005 London bombings and 21 July 2005 London bombings

Births

*1210 - Joan of England, Queen consort of Scotland, wife of Alexander II of Scotland (d. 1238)
*1478 - King Philip I of Castile (d. 1506)
*1510 - Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence (d. 1537)
*1535 - Katarina Stenbock, wife of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1621)
*1559 - Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (d. 1619)
*1621 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician (d. 1683)
*1711 - Georg Wilhelm Richmann, Russian physicist (d. 1753)
*1713 - Jacques-Germain Soufflot, French architect (d. 1780)
*1733 - Mikhail Shcherbatov, Russian philosopher and writer (d. 1790)
*1755 - Gaspard de Prony, French mathematician (d. 1839)
*1784 - Friedrich Bessel, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1846)
*1844 - William Archibald Spooner, English priest and scholar (d. 1930)
*1848 - Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1914)
*1849 - Emma Lazarus, American poet (d. 1887)
*1863 - Alec Hearne, Former England cricketer (d. 1952)
*1882 - Edward Hopper, American painter (d. 1967)
*1887 - Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1975)
*1888 - Kirk Bryan, American geologist (d. 1950)
* 1888 - Selman Waksman, Ukrainian/American biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)
*1889 - James Whale, English film director (d. 1957)
*1890 - Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy, American Kennedy family matriarch (d. 1995)
*1892 - Jack MacBryan, Former England cricketer and Olympic gold medallist (d. 1983)
*1893 - Jesse Haines, American baseball player (d. 1978)
* 1893 - Karl Menninger, American psychiatrist (d. 1990)
*1898 - Stephen Vincent Benét, American author (d. 1943)
* 1898 - Alexander Calder, American artist (d. 1976)
*1905 - Doc Cramer, American baseball player (d. 1990)
*1907 - Zubir Said, Singaporean composer who composed Singapore's national anthem (d. 1987)
*1908 - Amy Vanderbilt, American author (d. 1974)
*1909 - Dorino Serafini, Italian racing driver (d. 2000)
*1913 - Licia Albanese, American opera singer
* 1913 - Gorni Kramer, Italian bandleader (d. 1995)
*1915 - Shaista Suhrawardy Ikramullah, Pakistani politician, diplomat and author. (d. 2000)
*1916 - Gino Bianco, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1984)
* 1916 - Marcel Cerdan, French boxer (d. 1949)
*1921 - William Roth, U.S. Senator (d. 2003)
*1923 - Bob Dole, American politician
* 1923 - Lillian Ellison, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
* 1923 - Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
*1924 - Margaret Whiting, American singer
*1928 - Orson Bean, American film actor
*1929 - John Barber, British racing driver
*1932 - Oscar De la Renta, Dominican/American fashion designer
*1934 - Louise Fletcher, American actress
*1935 - Tom Cartwright, Former England cricketer (d. 2007)
*1936 - Tom Robbins, American author
*1937 - Yasuhiro Kojima, Japanese professional wrestler (d. 1999)
* 1937 - John Price, Former England cricketer
* 1937 - Vasant Ranjane, Former Indian cricketer
*1938 - Terence Stamp, English actor
*1939 - Gila Almagor, Israeli actress
* 1940 - Judith Walzer Leavitt, American college professor
* 1940 - Alex Trebek, Canadian game show host
*1941 - George Clinton, American musician
* 1941 - Ron Turcotte, Canadian jockey
*1943 - Kay Bailey Hutchison, U.S. Senator from Texas
* 1943 - Bobby Sherman, American singer and actor
*1944 - Estelle Bennett, American singer (Ronettes)
* 1944 - Rick Davies, British musician (Supertramp)
* 1944 - Dennis Firestone, Australian racing driver
* 1944 - Sparky Lyle, American baseball player
*1946 - Danny Glover, American actor
* 1946 - Mireille Mathieu, French singer
* 1946 - Paul Schrader, American film director and screenwriter
* 1946 - Stephen M. Wolownik, Russian musician (d. 2000)
*1947 - Albert Brooks, American comedian
* 1947 - Gilles Duceppe, Canadian politician
* 1947 - Don Henley, American musician (Eagles)
*1948 - S. E. Hinton, American author
* 1948 - Otto Waalkes, German comedian
*1949 - Alan Menken, American composer
*1949 - Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Ruler of Dubai and PM of UAE
* 1949 - Lasse Virén, Finnish athlete
*1951 - J. V. Cain, American football player (d. 1979)
*1953 - Jimmy Bruno, American jazz guitarist
* 1953 - Sylvia Chang, Taiwanese actress
*1954 - Pierre Lebeau, Canadian actor
* 1954 - Lonette McKee, American actress
* 1954 - Al Di Meola, American guitarist
*1955 - Willem Dafoe, American actor
* 1955 - Asif Ali Zardari, Pakistani politician, President-elect of Pakistan, widower of Benazir Bhutto
*1957 - Dave Stieb, American baseball player
*1958 - David Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1984)
* 1958 - Tatsunori Hara, Japanese professional-baseball player and coach
*1960 - Jon Oliva, American musician (Savatage)
*1961 - Calvin Fish, English racing driver
* 1961 - Keith Sweat, American singer
*1962 - Steve Albini, American writer, recording engineer and musician (Big Black, Rapeman, Shellac)
* 1962 - Martine St. Clair, Canadian singer
*1963 - Emilio Butragueno, Spanish footballer
* 1963 - Rob Estes, American actor
* 1963 - Emily Saliers, American singer (Indigo Girls)
*1964 - Rafael Addison, American basketball player
* 1964 - Adam Godley, British actor
* 1964 - John Leguizamo, Colombian actor
* 1964 - Don Van Natta, Jr., American journalist
* 1964 - David Spade, American comedian
*1965 - Patrick Labyorteaux, American actor
*1965 - Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler
*1966 - Shaun Cohen, South African professional wrestler
* 1966 - Tim Brown, American football player
*1967 - Lauren Booth, British journalist
* 1967 - Pat Badger, American musician Extreme
*1968 - Rhys Ifans, Welsh actor
*1969 - Despina Vandi, Greek singer
*1970 - Jason Becker, American musician
* 1970 - Craig Baird, New Zealander racing driver
* 1970 - Sergei Zubov, Russian ice hockey player
*1971 - Kristine Lilly, American soccer player
*1972 - Colin Ferguson, Canadian actor
* 1972 - Seth Fisher, American comic book artist and penciller (d.2006)
* 1972 - Keyshawn Johnson, American football player
*1973 - Ronald Ray Howard, American murderer (d. 2005)
* 1973 - Daniel Jones, Australian musician (Savage Garden)
* 1973 - Mike Sweeney, American baseball player
* 1973 - Rufus Wainwright, Canadian singer
*1974 - Franka Potente, German actress
* 1974 - Sonija Kwok, Hong Kong actress
*1977 - Gustavo Nery, Brazilian footballer
*1978 - Dennis Rommedahl, Danish footballer
*1978 - A. J. Cook, Canadian actress
* 1978 - Martyn Lee, English radio presenter
* 1978 - Runako Morton, West Indian cricketer
*1979 - Lucas Luhr, German racing driver
* 1979 - Yadel Martí, Cuban baseball player
* 1979 - James Mason, British professional wrestler
*1980 - Scott Dixon, New Zealand racing driver
* 1980 - Dirk Kuyt, Dutch footballer
* 1980 - Kate Ryan, Belgian singer
* 1980 - Tablo, Korean hip-hop musician (Epik High)
*1982 - Nuwan Kulasekara, Sri lankan cricketer
*1983 - Arsenium, Moldovan singer (O-Zone)
* 1983 - Steven Jackson, American football player
* 1983 - Sharni Vinson, Australian actress and model
*1984 - Stewart Downing, English footballer
* 1984 - Kinzie Kenner, American pornographic actress
*1985 - Takudzwa Ngwenya, Zimbabwean/American rugby player
* 1985 - Akira Tozawa, Japanese professional wrestler
*1992 - Selena Gomez, American actress
*1997 - Field Cate, American actor
*1998 - Madison Pettis, American actress
*2002 - Prince Felix of Denmark

Deaths

*1362 - Louis of Durazzo, Italian soldier (b. 1324)
*1387 - Franz Ackerman, Flemish statesman (b. 1330)
*1461 - Charles VII of France (b. 1403)
*1525 - Richard Wingfield, English diplomat
*1540 - John Zápolya, King of Hungary
*1619 - Lawrence of Brindisi, Italian monk (b. 1559)
*1633 - Trijntje Keever, presumed to have been the tallest woman ever (b.1616)
*1645 - Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Count-Duke of Olivares, Spanish statesman (b. 1587)
*1676 - Pope Clement X (b. 1590)
*1726 - Hugh Drysdale, British Colonial Governor of Virginia
*1734 - Peter King, 1st Baron King, Lord Chancellor of England
*1789 - Joseph-François Foulon, French administrator (b. 1715)
*1802 - Marie François Xavier Bichat, French anatomist (b. 1771)
*1826 - Giuseppe Piazzi, Italian astronomer (b. 1746)
*1832 - Napoleon II of France (b. 1811)
*1852 - Auguste Marmont, French marshal (b. 1774)
*1864 - James B. McPherson, American army general, in the Battle of Atlanta (b. 1828)
*1869 - John A. Roebling, German-American civil engineer (Brooklyn Bridge), (b. 1806)
*1902 - Mieczysław Halka Ledóchowski, Polish Catholic Cardinal (b. 1822)
*1903 - Cassius Marcellus Clay, American emancipationist (b. 1810)
*1904 - Wilson Barrett, English actor (b. 1846)
*1908 - William Randal Cremer, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1828)
*1915 - Sir Sandford Fleming, Canadian engineer and inventor (b. 1827)
*1916 - James Whitcomb Riley, American author and poet (b. 1849)
*1918 - Indra Lal Roy, Indian pilot (b. 1898)
*1920 - William Kissam Vanderbilt, member of the Vanderbilt family (b. 1849)
*1922 - Jokichi Takamine, Japanese chemist (b. 1854)
*1932 - Errico Malatesta, Italian anarchist (b. 1853)
* 1932 - Florenz Ziegfeld, theatrical producer (b. 1867)
* 1932 - Reginald Fessenden, Canadian inventor and radio pioneer (b. 1866)
*1934 - John Dillinger, American bank robber (b. 1903)
*1950 - William Lyon Mackenzie King, 10th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1874)
*1958 - Mikhail Zoshchenko, Russian writer (b. 1895)
*1967 - Carl Sandburg, American poet (b. 1878)
*1968 - Giovannino Guareschi, Italian journalist (b. 1908)
*1970 - George Johnston, Australian journalist and novelist (b. 1912)
*1974 - Wayne Morse, U.S. Senator from Oregon (b. 1900)
*1979 - Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian footballer (b. 1929)
*1988 - Duane Jones, American actor (b. 1936)
*1989 - Martti Talvela, Finnish bass (b. 1935)
*1990 - Manuel Puig, Argentinian writer (b. 1932)
*1992 - Wayne McLaren, portrayed the Marlboro Man (b. 1940)
*1995 - Harold Larwood, Former England cricketer (b. 1904)
*1996 - Rob Collins, English musician (The Charlatans) (b. 1956)
*1998 - Hermann Prey, German bass-baritone (b. 1929)
*1999 - Gar Samuelson, American musician (Megadeth) (b. 1958)
*2000 - Eric Christmas, British actor (b. 1916)
* 2000 - Carmen Martín Gaite, Spanish author (b. 1925)
* 2000 - Claude Sautet, French film director (b. 1924)
*2001 - Indro Montanelli, Italian journalist and historian (b. 1909)
*2003 - Qusay Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1966)
* 2003 - Uday Hussein, son of Saddam Hussein (b. 1964)
* 2003 - Wahome Muthahi, Kenyan humourist (b. 1954)
*2004 - Sacha Distel, French singer (b. 1933)
* 2004 - George Kidd, Canadian diplomat (b. 1917)
* 2004 - Illinois Jacquet, American jazz saxophonist (b. 1922)
*2005 - Eugene Record American songwriter and singer (The Chi-Lites) (b. 1940)
* 2005 - Jean Charles de Menezes, Brazilian electrician killed by Scotland Yard (b. 1978)
*2006 - José Antonio Delgado, Venezuelan mountain climber (b. 1965)
* 2006 - James E. West, mayor of Spokane, Washington (b. 1950)
*2007 - Jarrod Cunningham New Zealand rugby player (b. 1968)
* 2007 - Mike Coolbaugh former baseball player and coach (b.1972)
* 2007 - Ulrich Mühe, German actor (b. 1953)
* 2007 - Rollie Stiles, American baseball player (b. 1906)
* 2007 - Laszlo Kovacs, Hungarian-born cinematographer (b. 1933)
*2008 - Estelle Getty American comedic actress (b. 1923)
* 2008 - Greg Burson American Voice Actor (b. 1949)

Holidays and observances

*Swaziland - Birthday of former King Sobhuza II
*Ratcatcher's Day, commemorates the Pied Piper of Hamelin.
*Pi Approximation Day (22/7 is approximately equal to π)
*Abd-al-Masih, saint and martyr
*Saint Mary Magdalene [Paris, Bruges]

External links

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/july/22 BBC: On This Day]
*
* [http://www1.sympatico.ca/cgi-bin/on_this_day?mth=Jul&day=22 On This Day in Canada] ----