2,2,4-Trimethylpentane

Chembox new
Name = 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
ImageFile1=2,2,4-Trimethylpentane.svg
ImageName1=Skeletal formula of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
ImageFile2 = Isooctane-3D-balls.png ImageName2 = 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
IUPACName = 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane
OtherNames = Isooctane
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
SMILES = CC(C)(C)CC(C)C
CASNo = 540-84-1
RTECS = SA3320000
Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = C₈H₁₈
MolarMass = 114.22 g/mol
Appearance = colorless liquid
Density = 0.688 g/ml, liquid
Solubility = Immiscible
MeltingPt = −107.38 °C (165.77 K)
BoilingPt = 99.3 °C (372.4 K)
Section4 = Chembox Thermochemistry
DeltaHf = −259 kJ/mol
DeltaHc = −5461 kJ/mol
Entropy = 328 J·K⁻¹·mol⁻¹
Section7 = Chembox Hazards
ExternalMSDS = [http://ptcl.chem.ox.ac.uk/MSDS/TR/2,2,4-trimethylpentane.html MSDS]
EUClass = Flammable (F)
Harmful (Xn)
Dangerous for
the environment (N)
RPhrases = R11, R38, R50/53,
R65, R67
SPhrases = S2, S9, S16, S29, S33,
S60, S61, S62
FlashPt = 4.5 °C
Autoignition = 417 °C
ExploLimits = 1.1–6.0%
Section8 = Chembox Related
Function = alkanes
OtherFunctn = Heptane
Octane
OtherCpds = Hexadecane

2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, also known as isooctane, is an octane isomer which defines the 100 point on the octane rating scale. It is an important component of gasoline.

Isooctane is produced on a massive scale in the petroleum industry, usually as a mixture with related hydrocarbons. The alkylation process alkylates isobutane with isobutylene using a strong acid catalyst. In the NExOCTANE process [ [http://www.nestejacobs.com/default.asp?path=111,360,362,477 NExOCTANE - Neste Jacobs ] ] , isobutylene is dimerized into isooctene and then hydrogenated to isooctane.

ee also

* Oil refinery

References

External links

* [http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/safework/cis/products/icsc/dtasht/_icsc04/icsc0496.htm International Chemical Safety Card 0496]