Peroxymonosulfuric acid

Peroxymonosulfuric acid

Chembox new
Name = Peroxymonosulfuric acid
ImageFile = Peroxymonosulfuric acid.svg
ImageFile1 = Caro's-acid-3D-balls.png ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of peroxymonosulfuric acid
OtherNames = persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid,
peroxomonosulfuric acid;
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASNo = 7722-86-3
RTECS =

Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = H2SO5
MolarMass = 114.04 g/mol
Appearance = white solid
Density = ??? g/cm3, solid
Solubility = soluble
MeltingPt = 45 °C
BoilingPt = decomposes

Section3 = Chembox Structure
Coordination = tetrahedral
CrystalStruct =
Dipole = ?

Section7 = Chembox Hazards
MainHazards = strong oxidizer

Peroxymonosulfuric acid, also known as persulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid, or as Caro's acid, is H2SO5, a colorless solid melting at 45 °C. In this acid, the S(VI) center adopts its characteristic tetrahedral geometry; the connectivity is indicated by the formula HO-O-S(O)2-OH.

H2SO5 is sometimes confused with H2S2O8, known as peroxydisulfuric acid. The disulfuric acid, which appears to be more widely used as its alkali metal salts, has the structure HO-S(O)2-O-O-S(O)2-OH.

History

H2SO5 was first described by Heinrich Caro, for whom it is named.

ynthesis and production

The laboratory scale preparation of Caro's acid involve the combination of chlorosulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide.

::H2O2 + ClSO2OH unicode|⇌ H2SO5 + HCl

Large scale production of Caro's acid is usually done on site, due to its instability. According to the patent by Martin, Caro's acid is produced by reacting >85% sulfuric acid and >50% hydrogen peroxide ("Piranha solution").

::H2O2 + H2SO4 unicode|⇌ H2SO5 + H2O

Uses in industry

H2SO5 has been used for a variety of disinfectant and cleaning applications, e.g., swimming pool treatment and denture cleaning. Alkali metal salts of H2SO5 show promise for the delignification of wood.

Ammonium, sodium, and potassium salts of H2SO5 are used in the plastics industry as polymerization initiators, etchants, desizing agents, soil conditioner, and for decolorizing and deodorizing oils.

Potassium peroxymonosulfate, KHSO5, is the potassium acid salt of peroxymonosulfuric acid. It is widely used as an oxidizing agent.

Dangers

As with all strong oxidizing agents, peroxysulfuric acid should be kept away from organic compounds such as ethers and ketones because of its ability to peroxidize the compound, creating a highly unstable molecule such as Acetone Peroxide.

References

*Martin, P. L. (USA). U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2005), 21 pp. CODEN: USXXCO US 2005031530 A1 20050210 Patent written in English. Application: US 2004-878176 20040628. Priority: US 2003-494009 20030807. CAN 142:179838 AN 2005:122569 CAPLUS
*"Treatment of Softwood Kraft Pulps with Peroxymonosulfate Before Oxygen Delignification. Springer, E. L.; McSweeny, J. D. Tappi Journal (1993), 76, 194-9.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • peroxymonosulfuric acid — pəˌräksēˌmänō, mōnō+... noun Etymology: peroxy + mon + sulfuric : permonosulfuric acid * * * /peuh rok see mon oh sul fyoor ik, rok see mon /, Chem. See persulfuric acid (def. 1). [PEROXY + MONO + SULFURIC ACID] …   Useful english dictionary

  • peroxymonosulfuric acid — /peuh rok see mon oh sul fyoor ik, rok see mon /, Chem. See persulfuric acid (def. 1). [PEROXY + MONO + SULFURIC ACID] * * * …   Universalium

  • peroxymonosulfuric acid — per·oxy·mono·sul·fu·ric acid .män ō .səl .fyu̇r ik n PERMONOSULFURIC ACID …   Medical dictionary

  • Peroxydisulfuric acid — Peroxydisulfuric acid …   Wikipedia

  • persulfuric acid — H2SO5; peroxymonosulfuric acid; an oxidizing agent. * * * per·sul·fu·ric acid (.)pər .səl .fyu̇r ik n either of two peroxy acids of sulfur: a) a crystalline strongly oxidizing acid H2S2O8 b) PERMONOSULFURIC ACID * * * per·sul·fur·ic ac·id… …   Medical dictionary

  • Sulfuric acid — Sulfuric acid …   Wikipedia

  • persulfuric acid — |pər, |per+... noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary per + sulfuric; probably originally formed as French persulphurique : either of two peroxy acids of sulfur: a. : a crystalline strongly oxidizing acid H2S2O8 obtained usually by… …   Useful english dictionary

  • permonosulfuric acid — ˌpərˌmänō, mō+... noun Etymology: per + mon + sulfuric : an unstable crystalline strong monobasic acid H2SO5 obtained by acid hydrolysis of persulfates or by the action of hydrogen peroxide on chlorosulfonic acid or sulfuric acid called also Caro …   Useful english dictionary

  • persulfuric acid — /perr sul fyoor ik, perr /, Chem. 1. Also called Caro s acid, permonosulfuric acid, peroxymonosulfuric acid, peroxysulfuric acid. a white, crystalline solid, H2SO5, used as an oxidizing agent for certain organic compounds. 2. Also called… …   Universalium

  • peroxymonosulphuric acid — /pəˌrɒksiˌmɒnoʊsʌlˌfjurɪk ˈæsəd/ (say puh.roksee.monohsul.fyoohrik asuhd) noun Chemistry → persulphuric acid (def. 1). Also, peroxymonosulfuric acid …  

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