Changde chemical weapon attack
- Changde chemical weapon attack
The Changde chemical weapon attack refers to the use of chemical and biological weapons by
Japan during theBattle of Changde in the Chinese Province ofHunan in April and May, 1943.In the intense fighting around
Changde , Japanese forces could not push through the heavy Chinese resistance, and decided to launchpoison gas artillery shells into the city. The shells possibly containedmustard gas orlewisite . This action was undertaken byUnit 516 of the Japanese Army during theSecond Sino-Japanese War . This and other units used assorted types of chemicals in liquid or gaseous form, includingmustard gas ,lewisite ,cyanic acid gas andphosgene in experimental and some operational uses during hostile actions against China. This was effective in spreading fear, terror and death to devastating effect against both humans and livestock.During the
Khabarovsk War Crime Trials , some Japanese soldiers also admitted to have spreadBubonic plague within a 36-km radius around the city (Daniel Barenblatt, "A plague upon Humanity", HarperCollns, 2004, pp.220-221).However, the Japanese action did not achieve its objective, as the Chinese defenders put up additional resistance. Reinforcements from the Chinese army forced the Japanese to retreat and the Chinese retook the city. Furious over their defeat, the Japanese units took revenge by burning the city and massacring civilians during the retreat.
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