Giovanni Faber

Giovanni Faber

Infobox_Scientist
name = Giovanni Faber

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caption = Giovanni Faber
birth_date = 1574
birth_place = Bamberg
death_date = 1629
death_place =
residence =
nationality = German
field = botany, medicine, anatomy
alma_mater = University of Würzburg
known_for = Lincean, naming the microscope.
footnotes =

Giovanni Faber or Johann Faber (1574–1629) was a German papal doctor, botanist and art collector, originally from Bamberg in Bavaria, who lived in Rome from 1598. He was curator of the Vatican botanical garden, a member of the Accademia dei Lincei and the Academy's secretary. [ [http://chnm.gmu.edu/courses/omalley/610/ginsberg.rtf chnm.gmu.edu Carlo Ginzburg - Clues: Morelli, Freud,and Sherlock Holmes - God is hidden in details. -G. Flaubert and A. Warburg] ] He acted throughout his career as a political broker between Bavaria and Rome [ [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1477-4658.2007.00462.x "Medical competence, anatomy and the polity in seventeenth-century" by Rome Silvia De Renzi, Renaissance Studies Vol. 21 No. 4] ] . He was a friend of fellow Accademia dei Lincei member Galileo Galilei, and the German painters in Rome, Johann Rottenhammer and Adam Elsheimer. He has also been credited with inventing the name "microscope" [ [http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/esplora/microscopio/dswmedia/risorse/testi_completi.pdf brunelleschi.imss.fi.it "Il microscopio di Galileo"] ] .

Biography

Johann Faber was born the son of Protestant parents in Bamberg in 1574. When he was one year old he was orphaned by an epidemic of the plague. He was raised and educated in the Catholic faith by his cousin Philip Schmidt. He went to the University of Würzburg where he studied medicine and graduated in 1597. In order to deepen his studies he moved to Rome in 1598, where he worked as a doctor in the hospital of Saint Spirito in Sassia. His practical studies of anatomy from direct observation of the human body led to his collaboration with Colio Angel. He later turned exclusively to the study of animal anatomy. In 1600 he was appointed to the chair of Botany and of Anatomy. In the same year he became the director of the Papal botanical garden, now the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Roma "La Sapienza". Thanks to these new engagements he attended the papal court more regularly. He also cultivated deep artistic interests, becoming an avid collector of paintings. In 1611 Faber's interest in natural investigation led him to become a member of the Accademia dei Lincei.

Naming the microscope

Giovanni Faber has been credited with giving the microscope its name. In 1609 fellow Lincean Galileo developed a compound microscope with a convex and a concave lens which he called the "occhiolino", the "little eye". In 1624 Galileo presents his occhiolino to Prince Federico Cesi, founder of the Accademia dei Lincei. One year later Giovanni Faber coined the word "microscope" from the Greek words "μικρόν" ("micron") meaning "small", and "σκοπεῖν" ("skopein") meaning "to look at". The word was meant to be analogous with "telescope", another word coined by the Linceans [ [http://brunelleschi.imss.fi.it/esplora/microscopio/dswmedia/risorse/testi_completi.pdf brunelleschi.imss.fi.it "Il microscopio di Galileo"] ] .

Notes

References

* [http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1477-4658.2007.00462.x "Medical competence, anatomy and the polity in seventeenth-century" by Rome Silvia De Renzi, Renaissance Studies Vol. 21 No. 4]
* [http://www.lincei-celebrazioni.it/ischmidt.html COMITATO NAZIONALE PER IL IV CENTENARIO DELLA FONDAZIONE DELLA ACCADEMIA DEI LINCEI - Faber Schmidt]


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