Mirza

Mirza
This article is about Persian title or rank. For the primate genus, see Mirza (genus).
Indo-Persian Royal and noble ranks
Coronet of an earl
Emperor : Shah
High King
King : Sultan
Noble Prince : Mirza, Sahibzada
Nobleman: Nawab
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Mirza (Persian: میرزا Kazakh: мырза, myrza Russian: мурза Circassian: мырзэ), (common variance in Tatar nobility as Morza) is of Persian origin, denoting the rank of a high nobleman or Prince.[1] It is usually translated into English as a royal or imperial Prince of the Blood. It signified male-line descent and relationship to the Imperial Families of Turkey and Persia and was the title borne by members of the highest aristocracies in Tatar states, such as Khanate of Kazan, Khanate of Astrakhan and in the Russian Empire (Under Catherine the Great's rule the Murzas gained equal rights with the Russian nobility).[2] In fact, Prince Felix Yusupov, the nephew-in-law of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia was descended from Abdul Mirza, the first Prince Yusopov.[3]

The word Mīrzā is derived from the Persian term ‘Amīrzāde which literally means "child of the ‘Amīr" or "child of the ruler" in Persia. ‘Amīrzād in turn consists of the Arabic title ‘Amīr (engl. Emir), meaning "commander", and the Persian suffix -zād, meaning "birth" or "lineage". Due to vowel harmony in Turkic languages, the alternative pronunciation Morza (plural morzalar; derived from the Persian word) is also used.[4] In modern Kazakh myrza means gentleman, as is in the expression "hanymdar men myrzalar" (ladies and gentlemen).

Contents

History

Persian Kingdom

The titles themselves were given by the Kings, Sultans and Emperors (equivalent to the western Fount of honour) to their sons and grandsons, or even distant kins. Noblemen loyal to the kings also received this Title, although their usage differed. Aristocratic families (royal descent) from South Asia and individuals descended from the Persian nobility have 'Mirza' in their name.[5]

The title itself came from the title emir. Emir, meaning "commander", -derived from the Semitic root Amr, "command". Originally simply meaning commander or leader, usually in reference to a group of people. It came to be used as a title of governors or rulers, usually in smaller states, and usually renders the English word "prince. Amir Sadri." The word entered English in 1595, from the French émir.[6]

South Asia

Mirza was given to imperial prince; a title or part of a name implying relationship to the turk dynasties like Mughal dynasty (the Imperial House of Timur).[7] But in Indian royal families, the title can be placed both before the name and after it, such as Prince Mirza Mughal and Prince Kamran Mirza. Prince Khusrau Mirza was the grandson of Emperor Babur (Babur Mirza), son of Emperor Jahangir and a brother of Emperor Shah Jahan. Emperor Akbar Shah II was Prince Mirza Akbar before his coronation. Emperor Babur took the imperial title of Padishah on 6 March 1508, before which he used the title Mirza.[8]

In the Indian subcontinent, especially Bengal and Bihar, the Mirzas are also known locally as the variant of Mridha (from Mirdhjah) usually due to the Bengali language not have a 'z' sounding alphabet.[9] Mughal dynasty (the Imperial House of Timur "Sarai Mulk Khanam Qutubuddunniya wa Deen Amir Qutubuddin Taimur Baig Sahib-e-Quran).< Rulers of India included:

The Imperial Family of Hindustan

  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Zahiruddin 1523-1530,First Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Nasiruddin 1530-1539 & 1554-1555, Second Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Jalaluddin 1555-1605, Third Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Nuruddin 1605-1627, Fourth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Khurram 1627-1658, Fifth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Muhiuddin 1658-1707, sixth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Azam 1707, seventh Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Mu'Azzam 1707-1712, Eight Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sultan Muizuddin Mirza 1712-1713, Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mouinudd'in Muhammad Mirza 1712-1719, Tenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sultan Shamsuddin Mirza 1719, Eleventh Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sultan Rafiuddin Mirza (later Shah Jahan II 1719, Twelfth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sultan Nekusiyar Mirza 1719, Thirteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sultan Akhtar Mirza, Fourteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Ahmad Shah Mirza 1720-1748, Fifteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Aziz 'ud-Din Beg Mirza 1754-1759, Sixteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Jalal 'ud-Din Mirza 1759-1760, Seventeenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Muhi-ul-millat Mirza 1788-1806, Eighteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Mirza Akbar 1806-1837, Nineteenth Mughal Emperor.
  • His Imperial Highness, The Emperor Sirajuddin Mirza 1837-1857, Mughal Emperor.

The Royal Family Mughal of Berar

  • His Highness Prince Bedar Bakht Mirza son of Emperor [[Mirza Azam]
  • His Highness Prince Mohammed Beg Feroz Bakht Mirza son of Prince [[Bedar Bakht Mirza]
  • His Highness Prince Bulaqui Mirza son of Prince[[MirzaFeroz Bakht]
  • His Highness Prince Sultan Bahaddur Aduli Mirza son of [[Mirza Bulaqui Baig Bahaddur]
  • His Highness Prince Sardar Baig Mirza son of [[Aduli Baig Mirza]
  • His Highness Prince Qadar Baig Mirza son of [[Aduli Baig Mirza]
  • His Highness Prince Hatam Baig Mirza son of [[Sardar Baig Mirza]
  • His Highness Prince Umrao Baig Mirza son of [[Sardar Baig Mirza]

The Royal Family of Bengal

The Royal Family of Awadh

Notable Mirzas

Nobility

Religion

Government

Entrepreneurship

  • Majid Mirza, is the grandson of Mirza Mahmood Ahmed Khan of Hyderabad Deccan, a graduate of the University of Waterloo and serial entrepreneur. Between 2005 and 2011 he Founded 5 start-ups, Liveoffcamp.us, Ghoti Studios, Binnovate, Goodnews.pk and CinAgro

Military

  • Mirza Aslam Baig, Former Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan
  • Mirza Kuchak Khan: Persian revolutionary who led the Jungle Movement in the northern jungles of Gilan Province

Advocate

Academics and literature

Sport

Entertainment

See also

Further Study

  • Life of a Mirza Chapter 7 (pg 225-227) The Empire of the Great Mughals: History, Art and Culture (2004) by Annemarie Schimmel ISBN 1861891857
  • Mirzah in The Wordsworth Dictionary of Phrase and Fable By Ebenezer Cobham Brewer: The quintessential guide to myth, folklore, legend, legend and literature. ISBN 1840223103
  • MI’RZA Chambers’s Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge For the People. ISBN 114998693X
  • A. Jaimoukha The Circassians: A Handbook Routledge, Palgrave, 2001, pp 157–60) ISBN 0312239947

References

Notes
  1. ^ The derivation of which word is from Emir (Amur a nobleman) and Zade a son, &c. This species of nobility is traced very far, and is not creative. The title descends to all the sons of the family, without exception. In the Royal family it is placed after the name instead of before it, thus, Abbas Mirza and Hosfiein .'Mi Mirza. Mirza is a civil title, and Khan is a military one. The title of Khan is creative, but not hereditary. pg 601 Monthly magazine and British register, Volume 34 Publisher Printed for R. Phillips, 1812 Original from Harvard University
  2. ^ Life in Samarkand Caucasus and Central Asia vis-à-vis Russia, the West, and Islam, Madina Tlostanova: Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, HUMAN ARCHITECTURE: JOURNAL OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF SELF-KNOWLEDGE (ISSN: 1540-5699)]
  3. ^ Rulers of the Khanate of Crimea
  4. ^ Mirza in Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged © HarperCollins Publishers
  5. ^ Sensagent.com reached: 30.06.2010
  6. ^ http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=amir&searchmode=none EtymologyOnLine
  7. ^ http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00urdu/hali/majalis/10glossary.html
  8. ^ pg 24. The Empire of the Great Mughals: History, Art and Culture
  9. ^ While local Bengal historians called the Lalbagh mosque as Khan Mo'hammad Mridha Mosque, the mughal scripts note him as Khan Muhammad Mirza as in https://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=4450
Sources

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mirza — ist ein Vor und Familienname. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Ehrentitel 2 Namensträger 3 Familienname 4 Siehe auch 5 …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Mirza — coquereli …   Википедия

  • mirza — (del persa «mirzā», de «amir zāde», hijo de príncipe) m. *Tratamiento equivalente a «señor», entre los persas. * * * mirza. (Del persa mirzā, abrev. de amir zāde, hijo de príncipe). m. Entre los persas, título honorífico equivalente al de señor.… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Mirza [1] — Mirza (pers., d.i. Sohn eines Herrn), 1) hinter dem Namen so v.w. Prinz von Geburt, z.B. Abbas Mirza; 2) vor dem Namen so v.w. vornehmer,[310] gebildeter Mann, u. entspricht unserm Herr; 3) bei den Tataren so v.w. Fürst …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • mirza — (Del persa mirzā, abrev. de amir zāde, hijo de príncipe). m. Entre los persas, título honorífico equivalente al de señor …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • mirza — [mir′zä΄] n. [Pers mīrza, contr. < mīrzādah < mir, prince (< Ar amīr, ruler) + zādah, son of < zādan, to be born < IE base * gen , to beget > GENUS] a Persian title of honor placed after the name of a royal prince or before the… …   English World dictionary

  • Mirza — Mir za, n. [Per. m[=i]rz[=a], abbrev. fr. m[=i]rz[=a]deh son of the prince; m[=i]r prince (Ar. am[=i]r, em[=i]r) + z[=a]deh son.] The common title of honor in Persia, prefixed to the surname of an individual. When appended to the surname, it… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Mirza [2] — Mirza, ein mit β bezeichneter Fixstern zweiter u. dritter Größe an dem obersten Fuße des aufrecht stehenden großen Hundes …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Mirza [1] — Mirza, Wollenstoff für Konfektionszwecke …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Mirza [2] — Mirza, früheres rumän. Maß für feste Körper = 1/2 Kilé, in der Walachei zu 4 Bannizi = 196,8 Lit., in der Moldau (Mierza, Mertic) zu 10 Dimerli oder Bannizi = 217,55 L.; in Siebenbürgen 2 Kübel = 185,05 L …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Mirza — (pers., spr. mihrsa), pers. Titulatur, bezeichnet hinter dem Namen den Prinzen von Geblüt, vor dem Namen den Schriftgelehrten …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

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