ERVWE1

Endogenous retroviral family W, env(C7), member 1 (syncytin), also known as ERVWE1, is a human gene.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ERVWE1 endogenous retroviral family W, env(C7), member 1 (syncytin)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=30816| accessdate = ]

PBB_Summary
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summary_text = Many different human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) families are expressed in normal placental tissue at high levels, suggesting that HERVs are functionally important in reproduction. This gene is part of an HERV provirus on chromosome 7 that has inactivating mutations in the gag and pol genes. This gene is the envelope glycoprotein gene which appears to have been selectively preserved. The product of this gene, syncytin, is expressed in the placental syncytiotrophoblast and is involved in fusion of the cytotrophoblast cells to form the syncytial layer of the placenta. The protein has the characteristics of a typical retroviral envelope protein, including a furin cleavage site that separates the surface (SU) and transmembrane (TM) proteins which form a heterodimer.cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ERVWE1 endogenous retroviral family W, env(C7), member 1 (syncytin)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=30816| accessdate = ]

References

Further reading

PBB_Further_reading
citations =
*cite journal | author=Muir A, Lever A, Moffett A |title=Expression and functions of human endogenous retroviruses in the placenta: an update. |journal=Placenta |volume=25 Suppl A |issue= |pages= S16–25 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15033302 |doi= 10.1016/j.placenta.2004.01.012
*cite journal | author=Alliel PM, Périn JP, Pierig R, "et al." |title=Endogenous retroviruses and multiple sclerosis. II. HERV-7q. |journal=C. R. Acad. Sci. III, Sci. Vie |volume=321 |issue= 10 |pages= 857–63 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9835022 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Blond JL, Besème F, Duret L, "et al." |title=Molecular characterization and placental expression of HERV-W, a new human endogenous retrovirus family. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=73 |issue= 2 |pages= 1175–85 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9882319 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Voisset C, Blancher A, Perron H, "et al." |title=Phylogeny of a novel family of human endogenous retrovirus sequences, HERV-W, in humans and other primates. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=15 |issue= 17 |pages= 1529–33 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10580403 |doi= 10.1089/088922299309810
*cite journal | author=Mi S, Lee X, Li X, "et al." |title=Syncytin is a captive retroviral envelope protein involved in human placental morphogenesis. |journal=Nature |volume=403 |issue= 6771 |pages= 785–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10693809 |doi= 10.1038/35001608
*cite journal | author=Blond JL, Lavillette D, Cheynet V, "et al." |title=An envelope glycoprotein of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W is expressed in the human placenta and fuses cells expressing the type D mammalian retrovirus receptor. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=74 |issue= 7 |pages= 3321–9 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10708449 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, "et al." |title=Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 7 |pages= 3491–6 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10737800 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Voisset C, Bouton O, Bedin F, "et al." |title=Chromosomal distribution and coding capacity of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W family. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=16 |issue= 8 |pages= 731–40 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10826480 |doi= 10.1089/088922200308738
*cite journal | author=An DS, Xie Ym , Chen IS |title=Envelope gene of the human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W encodes a functional retrovirus envelope. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=75 |issue= 7 |pages= 3488–9 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11238877 |doi= 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3488-3489.2001
*cite journal | author=Kim HS, Lee WH |title=Human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W family: chromosomal localization, identification, and phylogeny. |journal=AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses |volume=17 |issue= 7 |pages= 643–8 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11375061 |doi= 10.1089/088922201300119752
*cite journal | author=Perron H, Jouvin-Marche E, Michel M, "et al." |title=Multiple sclerosis retrovirus particles and recombinant envelope trigger an abnormal immune response in vitro, by inducing polyclonal Vbeta16 T-lymphocyte activation. |journal=Virology |volume=287 |issue= 2 |pages= 321–32 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11531410 |doi= 10.1006/viro.2001.1045
*cite journal | author=Knerr I, Beinder E, Rascher W |title=Syncytin, a novel human endogenous retroviral gene in human placenta: evidence for its dysregulation in preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. |journal=Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. |volume=186 |issue= 2 |pages= 210–3 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11854637 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Alliel PM, Périn JP, Goudou D, "et al." |title=The HERV-W/7q family in the human genome. Potential for protein expression and gene regulation. |journal=Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) |volume=48 |issue= 2 |pages= 213–7 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11990458 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Lavillette D, Marin M, Ruggieri A, "et al." |title=The envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retrovirus type W uses a divergent family of amino acid transporters/cell surface receptors. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=76 |issue= 13 |pages= 6442–52 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12050356 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kudo Y, Boyd CA |title=Changes in expression and function of syncytin and its receptor, amino acid transport system B(0) (ASCT2), in human placental choriocarcinoma BeWo cells during syncytialization. |journal=Placenta |volume=23 |issue= 7 |pages= 536–41 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12175968 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Yu C, Shen K, Lin M, "et al." |title=GCMa regulates the syncytin-mediated trophoblastic fusion. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 51 |pages= 50062–8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12397062 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M209316200
*cite journal | author=Smallwood A, Papageorghiou A, Nicolaides K, "et al." |title=Temporal regulation of the expression of syncytin (HERV-W), maternally imprinted PEG10, and SGCE in human placenta. |journal=Biol. Reprod. |volume=69 |issue= 1 |pages= 286–93 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12620933 |doi= 10.1095/biolreprod.102.013078
*cite journal | author=Ponferrada VG, Mauck BS, Wooley DP |title=The envelope glycoprotein of human endogenous retrovirus HERV-W induces cellular resistance to spleen necrosis virus. |journal=Arch. Virol. |volume=148 |issue= 4 |pages= 659–75 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12664292 |doi= 10.1007/s00705-002-0960-x
*cite journal | author=Frendo JL, Olivier D, Cheynet V, "et al." |title=Direct involvement of HERV-W Env glycoprotein in human trophoblast cell fusion and differentiation. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 10 |pages= 3566–74 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12724415 |doi=
*cite journal | author=Kudo Y, Boyd CA, Sargent IL, Redman CW |title=Hypoxia alters expression and function of syncytin and its receptor during trophoblast cell fusion of human placental BeWo cells: implications for impaired trophoblast syncytialisation in pre-eclampsia. |journal=Biochim. Biophys. Acta |volume=1638 |issue= 1 |pages= 63–71 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12757936 |doi=

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