Financial District, San Francisco, California

The Financial District is a neighborhood in San Francisco, California that serves as its main central business district.

Location

The area is marked by the cluster of high-rise towers that lies between Grant Avenue east of the Union Square shopping district, Sacramento Street and Columbus Street, south of Chinatown and North Beach, and the Embarcadero that rings the waterfront. The city's tallest buildings, including 555 California Street and the Transamerica Pyramid, and some other tall buildings, such as 101 California Street and 345 California Street, are located here.The District is home to the city's largest concentration of corporate headquarters, law firms, banks, savings & loans and other financial institutions, such as the corporate headquarters of VISA, Wells Fargo Bank, the Charles Schwab Corporation, McKesson Corporation, Barclays Global Investors, Gap, the Union Bank of California and salesforce.com among others. The headquarters of the 12th district of the United States Federal Reserve are located in the area as well. Montgomery Street ("Wall Street of the West") is the traditional heart of the district. There are several shopping malls in the area including the Crocker Galleria, the Embarcadero Center, the Ferry Building, and the Rincon Center complex.

History

The area was the center of European and American settlement during Spanish and later Mexican rule. Following American annexation and the California Gold Rush, the area boomed rapidly and the Bay shoreline, which originally ended at Battery St, was filled in and extended to the Embarcadero. Gold Rush wealth and business made it the financial capital of the west coast as many banks and businesses set up in the neighborhood. The west coast's first and only skyscrapers, were built in the area along Market Street.

The neighborhood was completely destroyed in the 1906 Earthquake & Fire (although miraculously, the area's skyscrapers survived), and rebuilt. Because of state wide height restrictions due to earthquake fears, the district remained relatively low-rise throughout the 20th century until the late 1950s, when due to new building and earthquake retrofitting technologies, the height restrictions were lifted, fueling a skyscraper building boom. This boom accelerated under mayor Dianne Feinstein during the 1980s, something her critics labelled as "Manhattanization" [cite web | authorlink = | coauthors = | title =New York Times: California Showdown | date = 1990-09-30| url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE6DC1538F933A0575AC0A966958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=6| accessdate=2007-11-12] . This caused widespread opposition citywide leading to the "skyscraper revolt" similar to the "freeway revolt" in the city years earlier. The skyscraper revolt led to the city imposing extremely strict, European-style height restrictions on building construction city-wide.

Owing to these height restrictions (which have been relaxed and overlooked over the years), overcrowding, and changes and demand in the local real estate market, development in the area, as well as the district's boundaries as a whole have shifted to SOMA as the focus has shifted from building office space to high-rise condominiums and hotels. Notable examples include the Four Seasons Hotel, The Paramount (the tallest apartment building in San Francisco and the West Coast), [ [http://www.theparamountsf.com/theBuilding/about/about.htm About The Paramount] ] and the Millennium Tower, currently under construction.

ee also

*49-Mile Scenic Drive
*History of the west coast of North America
*List of tallest buildings in San Francisco

Notes

External links

* [http://www.inetours.com/Pages/SFNbrhds/Financial_District.html Tourist info about the Financial District including photos]
* [http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/bu/?id=101040/ Skyscrapers.com's page on San Francisco]