Tank formations during the Cold War

Tank formations during the Cold War

Tank formations and number of tanks of the most important countries in Europe during the Cold War.

List of units:

West Germany

German Army as of 1981/82:
* 6 Tank Divisions (Panzerdivisionen)
* 4 Armored Infantry Divisions (Panzergrenadierdivisionen)
* 1 Mountain Division (Gebirgsdivision)
* 6 Home Defense Tank Brigades (Heimatschutz – Panzerbrigaden)
* 6 Home Defense Armored Infantry Brigades (Heimatschutz – Panzergrenadierbrigaden (not complete)Number of tanks:
* 1200 MBT M48 A2 / A2GA2
* 2437 MBT Leopard 1 A2 / A3 / A4
* 150 MBT Leopard 2
* 770 Tank Destroyer, Gun 90 mm - Kanonenjagdpanzer 4-5
* 200 Tank Destroyer, Missile - Raketenjagdpanzer HOT (Haut-subsonique Optiquement Téléguide d' un tube)Total: 4757 tanks

USA

As of 1981/82:
* 4 Tank Divisions
* 6 Mechanised Divisions
* 4 Infantry Divisions
* 1 Airborne Division (incl. 1 Tank Battalion)
* 1 independent Tank Brigade
* 4 independent Infantry Brigades
* 3 Cavalry Regiments (Reconnaissance)
* 3 Tank Battailons Marines
* ? Tank Battalions National Guard (Reserve)Number of battle tanks:
* 1825 MBT M48A5
* 1555 MBT M60
* 5775 MBT M60A1
* 540 MBT M60A2
* 1500 MBT M60A3
* 150 MBT M1 Abrams
* 400 AR/AAV M551 Sheridan (330 for training purposes)
* 575 MBT M60A1 with the Marines
* Total: 11780 tanks (min. 330 for training only)

France

As of 1981/82:
* 8 Tank Divisions
* 4 Mechanised Infantry DivisionsNumber of tanks:
* 1259 MBT AMX 30 (add. 145 ordered)
* 340 LBT AMX 13
* 39 6x6 Reconnaissance ARC AMX 10RC
* 230 8x8 Reconnaissance ARC Panhard EBR-75 (Hussars)
* Total: 1868 tanks

United Kingdom

As of 1981/82:
* 11 Tank Regiments
* 8 Tank Reconnaissance Regiments
* 1 Tank Destroyer RegimentNumber of Tanks:
* 900 MBT FV4201 Chieftain (incl. 60 in Reserve)
* 240 MBT FV4030/4 Challenger (ordered)
* 200 Light tanks FV721 Fox 4x4
* 271 Light tanks FV101 Scorpion
* 290 Reconnaissance tanks FV107 Scimitar
* Total: 1901 tanks and armored cars

USSR

As of 1981/82:
* 46 Tank Divisions
* 119 Mechanised Infantry Divisions
* ? Independent Tank Regiments
* ? Independent Tank Destroyer BrigadesNumber of tanks:
* 45000 MBT JS-2 / JS-3 / T-10 / T-10M / T-54 / T-55 / T-62
* 10000 MBT T-64 / T-72
* 2100 Tank Destroyer ASU-57 und ASU-85 (Aviadesantnaya Samokhodnaya Ustanovka)
* 870 Reconnaissance Tanks PT-76 (Plavayushchiy Tank) amphibious
* 1800 MBT T-34 (At the Chinese border and in central Russia - an unknown number for training purposes only?)
* Total: 59770 tanks

Of 59770 tanks, only 12970 were modern for this time period. The JS-2, JS-3, T-10, ASU-57 and T-34 were completely out-of-date.

East Germany

As of 1981/82:
* 2 Tank Division
* 4 Mechanised Infantry DivisionsNumber of tanks:
* 1500 MBT T-54 / T-55 / T-72 (further 1600 tanks stored)
* ? Reconnaissance tanks PT-76
* ? Tank Destroyer ASU-85
* Total: 1500+ tanks

Poland

As of 1981/82:
* 5 Tank Divisions
* 8 Mechanised Infantry Divisions
* 1 Amph. Assault Division
* 3 independent Tank Destroyer RegimentsNumber of Tanks:
* 3400 MBT T-54 / T-55
* 30 MBT T-72
* 130 Armored Reconnaissance tanks PT-76
* 450 Tank Destroyer ASU-85
* Total: 4010 tanks

Italy

As of 1981/82:
* 1 Tank Division
* 3 mechanised Divisions
* 6 independet mechanised BrigadesNumber of tanks:
* 900 MBT Leopard 1
* 300 MBT M60A1
* 550 MBT M47 (remained of originally 1.500)
* Total: 1620 tanks

Sources

*"Armed Forces 1981/82" In: "The Military Balance" of the International Institut for Strategic Studies / London (Bernard & Graefe Verlag, Munich 1982.)
*Ferdinand von Senger und Etterlin: "Tanks of the World". Arms and Armor Press, London 1983.


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