Etamsylate

Etamsylate

Systematic (IUPAC) name
2,5-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid; N-ethylethanamine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	?
Identifiers
ATC code	B02BX01
PubChem	CID 17506
UNII	24YL531VOH Y
KEGG	D01282 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C10H17NO5S
Mol. mass	263.31068 g/mol
Y(what is this?)  (verify)

Ethamsylate (Dicynene/Dicynone) is a haemostatic drug.^[1][2]

It is believed to work by increasing capillary endothelial resistance and promoting platelet adhesion.

It also inhibits biosynthesis and action of those prostaglandins which cause platelet disaggregation, vasodilation and increased capillary permeability.^{[citation needed]}

Indications

Prophylaxis and control of haemorrhages from small blood vessels, neonatal intraventricular haemorrhage ^[3], capillary bleeding of different etiology, including: menorrhagia and metrorrhagia without organic pathology, after trans-urethral resection of the prostate, hematemesis, melena, hematuria, epistaxis; secondary bleeding due to thrombocytopenia or thrombocytopathia, hypocoagulation, prevention of periventricular hemorrhages in prematurely born children.^[4]

Mechanism of action

Ethamsylate is a haemostatic agent; also promotes angioprotective and proaggregant action. It stimulates thrombopoiesis and their release from bone marrow. Haemostatic action is due to activation of thromboplastin formation on damaged sites of small blood vessels and decrease of PgI2 (Prostacyclin I2) synthesis; it also facilitates platelet aggregation and adhesion, that at last induce decrease and stop of hemorrhage. ^[5]

The precise mechanism of action of etamsylate is unknown. It has been shown to reduce bleeding time and blood loss from wounds. This appears to relate to increased platelet aggregation mediated by a thromboxane A2 or prostaglandin F2a dependent mechanism. It has also been associated with decreased concentrations of 6-oxoprostaglandin F1a, a stable metabolite of prostacyclin. Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator, and may be implicated in reperfusion; it is also a disaggregator of platelets. Whereas prostaglandins themselves may have a role in regulating cerebral blood flow, etamsylate appears to have no effect on cerebral blood flow. Etamsylate was also thought to stabilise capillaries, reinforcing capillary membranes by polymerising hyaluronic acid. ^[6] Etamsylate limits capillary bleeding through its action on hyaluronic acid and initial studies showed a reduction in intraventricular haemorrhage. ^[7] Etamsylate may also have an effect on the microcirculation, encouraging platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction and therefore haemostasis. It also inhibits the effects of the prostaglandin mediated vasodilatation and increased capillary permeability, thereby reducing oedema secondary to capillary leakage. It is also possible that etamsylate would reduce reperfusion haemorrhage in ischaemic areas of the brain, preventing secondary damage. ^[8] By inhibiting the effects of prostaglandins, etamsylate may exert an effect by closing the patent ductus and thereby increasing cerebral blood flow. ^[9]

References

1. ^ Schulte J, Osborne J, Benson JW, et al. (January 2005). "Developmental outcome of the use of etamsylate for prevention of periventricular haemorrhage in a randomised controlled trial". Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 90 (1): F31–5. doi:10.1136/adc.2003.035790. PMC 1721806. PMID 15613570. http://fn.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=15613570. 
2. ^ Elbourne D, Ayers S, Dellagrammaticas H, Johnson A, Leloup M, Lenoir-Piat S (May 2001). "Randomised controlled trial of prophylactic etamsylate: follow up at 2 years of age". Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 84 (3): F183–7. doi:10.1136/fn.84.3.F183. PMC 1721248. PMID 11320045. http://fn.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11320045. 
3. ^ Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference, 36th edition, page: 1065 Drug-Etamsylate
4. ^ Bulgarian Pharmaceutical Group Ltd. ; www.sopharma.com/pharmacynon.phtml
5. ^ "Поиск по базе данных ЛС, опции поиска: МНН — Этамзилат, флаги «Искать в реестре зарегистрированных ЛС», «Искать ТКФС», «Показывать лекформы»". Обращение лекарственных средств. ФГУ «Научный центр экспертизы средств медицинского применения» Росздравнадзора РФ. 27.03.2008. http://www.regmed.ru/search.asp. Retrieved 7 апреля 2008. 
6. ^ Etamsylate for prevention of periventricular haemorrhage, Dr Hunt Department of Neonatal Medicine, Level 2, Royal Children’s Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2005;90:F3-F5 doi:10.1136/adc.2003.045625; http://fn.bmj.com/content/90/1/F3.full.pdf
7. ^ Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference, 36th edition - page 1050
8. ^ Developmental outcome of the use of etamsylate for prevention of periventricular haemorrhage in a randomised controlled trial; J Schulte1, J Osborne,J W T Benson,R Cooke,M Drayton,J Murphy,J Rennie,B Speidel. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2005;90:F31-F35 doi:10.1136/adc.2003.035790 ; http://fn.bmj.com/content/90/1/F31.full.pdf
9. ^ Perlman JM, Hill A, Volpe JJ. The effect of patent ductus arteriosus on flow velocity in the anterior cerebral arteries: ductal steal in the premature newborn infant. J Pediatr 1981;99:767–71.

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This drug article relating to the blood and blood forming organs is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Benzenesulfonic acids Hydroquinones Cardiovascular system drug stubs Blood and blood forming organ drug stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР? Bernard Oppenheimer Tavita Pritchard Look at other dictionaries: Etamsylate — …   Википедия etamsylate — SYN: ethamsylate …   Medical dictionary Дицинон — Этамзилат (Etamsylate) Химическое соединение ИЮПАК 2,5 дигидроксибензолсульфоновая кислота с диэтиламином[1] …   Википедия Этамзилат-Ферейн — Этамзилат (Etamsylate) Химическое соединение ИЮПАК 2,5 дигидроксибензолсульфоновая кислота с диэтиламином[1] …   Википедия ЭТАМЗИЛАТ — Действующее вещество ›› Этамзилат* (Etamsylate*) Латинское название Etamsylate АТХ: ›› B02BX01 Этамзилат Фармакологические группы: Коагулянты (в т.ч. факторы свертывания крови), гемостатики ›› Ангиопротекторы и корректоры микроциркуляции… …   Словарь медицинских препаратов Этамзилат — (Etamsylate) Химическое соединение …   Википедия Epinephrine — Adrenaline and Adrenalin redirect here. For other uses, see Adrenaline (disambiguation). (R) (–) L Epinephrine or (R) (–) L adrenaline …   Wikipedia Vitamin K — has also been used as a slang term for ketamine, an unrelated anaesthetic. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone). Both forms of the vitamin contain a functional naphthoquinone ring and an aliphatic side chain. Phylloquinone has a phytyl side chain …   Wikipedia Heparin — Systematic (IUPAC) name see Hep …   Wikipedia Thrombin — Coagulation factor II (thrombin) The structure of human thrombin in complex with the inhibitor hirudin.[1] …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”