Baja Pygmy-owl

Taxobox
name = Baja Pygmy-owl
status =
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Strigiformes
familia = Strigidae
genus = "Glaucidium"
species = "G. hoskinsii"
binomial = "Glaucidium hoskinsii"
binomial_authority = (Brewster, 1888)

The Baja Pygmy-owl or Cape Pygmy-owl ("Glaucidium hoskinsii") is a small owl restricted to the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. Some authorities do not consider it a separate species.Citation | last1 = Howell | first1 = Steve N. G. | last2 = Webb | first2 = Sophie | title=A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America | publisher=Oxford University Press | year=1995 | pages = 568 | id=ISBN 0-19-854012-4]

Description

This bird resembles the Mountain Pygmy-owl. It is 15 to 16.5 cm or 17 cm (6 to 7 inches) long and weighs 50 to 65 grams.Citation | last = Weick | first = Friedhelm | year = 2006 | title = Owls (Strigiformes): Annotated and Illustrated Checklist | publisher = Springer | page = 164 | isbn = 978-3-540-35234-1] Its plumage is sandy gray-brown, with females typically more reddish than males. Unlike many related owls, it does not seem to have gray and red morphs. The adult's crown and back have many pale spots, which are biggest on the scapular feathers (where the wings join the back). The tail is long for an owl and is crossed by five or six pale bars. The underparts are off-white with brown streaks. The face shows little contrast except for white "false eyebrows". Like other pygmy-owls ("Glaucidium"), it has yellow irises and a yellow bill, as well as two white-outlined black triangles on the back on the neck that suggest eyespots.

The commonly heard call is distinctly different from that of other pygmy-owls in the region: a "hoo hoo" lasting about two seconds, with five to fifteen seconds between double hoots. This species occasionally begins a bout of hooting with up to five hoots in series. It may also utter "a rapid, slightly quavering "huhuhu…" that may lead to hooting.

Range and habitat

The Baja Pygmy-owl is endemic to Baja California Sur from the Sierra de la Laguna in the Cape District, where it is fairly common, to the Sierra de la Gigante at least as far north as 26.5°. It inhabits pine and pine-oak woods from 1500 to 2100 meters in altitude. In winter it can descend to 500 meters.

Classification

The American Ornithologists' Union considers it a subspecies of the Northern Pygmy-owl, "Glaucidium gnoma" (as it does several other populations). [Citation | last = Banks | first = Richard C. "et al." | year = 2000 | journal = Auk | volume = 117 | issue = 3 | pages = 847–858 | title = Forty-second Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union "Check-List of North American Birds" | url = http://www.aou.org/checklist/suppl/AOU_checklist_suppl_42.pdf | accessdate = Sept. 25, 2007] [Citation | title = Check-list of North American Birds | year = 1998–2006 | url = http://www.aou.org/checklist/index.php3 | accessdate = Sept. 26, 2007 | publisher = American Ornithologists' Union] It has also been considered a subspecies of the Least Pygmy-owl.Citation | last = Lepage | first = Denis | year = 2003–2007 | title = Avibase - the world bird database | url = http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp?pg=summary&lang=EN&id=2D55E32F42539227&ts=1190595344906 | accessdate = Sept. 25, 2007] However, it is considered a separate species here following the "Handbook of the Birds of the World". According to one authority, DNA evidence suggests that the two species are not closely related.

Etymology

The epithet "hoskinsii" commemorates Francis Hoskins, an assistant to Marston Abbott Frazar, an ornithologist who the American businessman George Burritt Sennett paid to collect birds in the 1880s. The first specimen of the Cape Pygmy-owl was collected on one of Frazar's expeditions. [cite book | last = Beolen | first = Bo | coauthors = Watkins, Michael | title = Whose Bird? Common Bird Names and the People They Commemorate | year = 2004 | publisher = Yale University Press | pages = 123, 171, 307–308 | id = ISBN 0-300-10359-X]

References

External links

* [http://www.owling.com/Cape_Pygmy.htm Page with images and sound recording] from Owling.com. Accessed Sept. 25, 2007.