Mujaddid

Part of a series on Islam Usul al-fiqh (The Roots of Jurisprudence)

Fiqh

Quran and Sunnah Taqlid (imitation) Ijtihad (interpretation) Ijma (consensus) Madh'hab (school of law) Minhaj (method) Qiyas (analogical reasoning) Urf (society custom) Bid‘ah (innovation) Madrasah (school/seminary) Ijazah (authorization) Istihlal (legalization) Istihsan (discretion) Risalah (dissertation)

Ahkam

Halal (legal) Wajib/Fard (obligatory, duty) Mustahabb (favoured) Mubah (neutral) Makruh (disliked, abominable) Haraam (illegal, prohibited) Baatil (void, incorrect) Fasiq (corrupt)

Scholarly titles

Mujtahid (scholar of Islamic law with comprehensive understanding of the texts and reality) Marja (authority) Alim (scholar; pl. Ulema) Mufti (cleric) Mufassir (interpreter) Qadi (judge) Faqīh (professional counselor/jurist) Muhaddith (narrator) Mullah (scholar; pl. Ulema) Imam (Sunni and Shia) Mawlawi (scholar; pl. Ulema) Sheikh (elderly person, respected person, also sometimes scholar; pl. Ulema) Mujaddid (renewer) Hafiz Hujja Hakim Amir al-Mu'minin in reg. hadith Maulana (scholar; pl. Ulema) This box: view · talk · edit

A Mujaddid (Arabic: مجدد‎), according to the popular Muslim tradition, refers to a person who appears at the turn of every century of the Islamic calendar to revive Islam, remove from it any extraneous elements and restore it to its pristine purity. A mujaddid might be a caliph, a saint (wali), a prominent teacher, a scholar or some other kind of influential person.^{[citation needed]}

The concept is based on the following Prophetic tradition (hadith): Abu Hurairah narrated that the Islamic prophet Muhammad said;

"Allah shall raise for this Ummah at the head of every century a man who shall renew (or revive) for it its religion."

—Sunan Abu Dawood, Book 37: Kitab al-Malahim [Battles], Hâdith Number 4278.^[1]

List of people claimed to be Mujaddid

First Century (after the prophetic period) (August 3, 718)^[2]

• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (682–720)^[2]

Second Century (August 10, 815)

• Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i (767–820)^[3]

Third Century (August 17, 912)

• Abu al-Hasan al-Ash'ari (874) – (936)^[3]

Fourth Century (August 24, 1009)

• Hakim al-Nishaburi (933–1012)^[3]

Fifth Century (September 1, 1106)

• Muhammad al-Ghazali (1058–1111)^[4]

Sixth Century (September 9, 1203)

• Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (1149–1210)^[5]

Seventh Century (September 5, 1300)

• Muhammad ibn Arabi (1165–1240)^[6]

• Ibn Taymiyyah (1263–1328)^[7][8][9]

Eighth Century (September 23, 1397)

• Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani (1372–1448)^[10]

Ninth Century (October 1, 1494)

• Jalaludin Al-Suyuti (1445–1505)^[2]

Tenth Century (October 19, 1591)

• Khayr al-Din al-Ramli (1585–1671)^[2]

Eleventh Century (October 26, 1688)

• Ahmad Sirhindi (1564–1624)^[11]

• Abd Allah ibn Alawi al-Haddad (1634–1720)^[12]

Twelfth Century (November 4, 1785)

• Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792)^[13][14][15]

Thirteenth Century (November 12, 1882)

• Shah Abdul Aziz Delhwi (1745–1823)^[16]

Fourteenth Century (November 21, 1979)

• Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (1835-1908)^[17][18] – Note: Ghulam Ahmad proclaimed himself the Mujaddid of the 14th century,^[19] a claim which is accepted by the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community,^[20] but rejected by most other Muslim communities, many of whom regard him as an apostate.^[21]

• Ahmed Raza Khan (1856–1921)^[16]

Fifteenth Century (November 27, 2076)

References

1. ^ Sunnan Abu Dawud, 37:4278
2. ^ ^{a b c d} "Mujaddid Ulema". http://www.livingislam.org/fiqhi/fiqha_e96.html. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} Waliullah, Shah. Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa. p. 77, part 7. 
4. ^ "Imam Ghazali: The Sun of the Fifth Century Hujjat al-Islam". http://www.thepenmagazine.net/imam-ghazali-the-sun-of-the-fifth-century-hujjat-al-islam/. 
5. ^ "al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din (1149-1209)". http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H044.htm. 
6. ^ "Reflections of Ibn 'Arabi in Early Naqshbandî Tradition". http://www.ibnarabisociety.org/articles/naqshibandi.html. 
7. ^ "Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah and the praise of the imams for him". http://islamqa.com/en/ref/96323/. 
8. ^ "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani on Ibn Taymiyyah". http://www.ibntaymiyyah.com/articles/hqddp-ibn-hajar-al-asqalani-on-ibn-taymiyyah-part-1.cfm. 
9. ^ "Role of Sheikh Ibn Taymiyyah as the "Mujaddid"". http://www.iqrasearch.com/islamic-scholars/what-was-the-role-of-sheikh-ibn-taymiyyah-as-the-mujaddid-in-the-renewal-of-islam.html. 
10. ^ "Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani". http://www.islamic.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/Biographies/ibn_hajar.htm. 
11. ^ Glasse, Cyril (2001). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. AltaMira Press. p. 432. 
12. ^ "A Short Biographical Sketch of Mawlana al-Haddad". http://www.iqra.net/articles/al-haddad.html. 
13. ^ "Imaam Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab - His Life and Mission - by Sheikh ibn Baz". http://www.ahya.org/amm/modules.php?name=Sections&op=viewarticle&artid=180. 
14. ^ "Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhaab – a reformer concerning whom many malicious lies have been told - IslamQA". http://islamqa.com/en/ref/36616. 
15. ^ "Muhammad Ibn AbdulWahab - a great reformer". http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leObnFvF6NI. 
16. ^ ^{a b} Gyarwee Sharif "Gyarwee Sharif". http://www.almukhtarbooks.com/?p=63 Gyarwee Sharif. 
17. ^ "The Promised Messiah". http://www.alislam.org/topics/messiah/index.php. 
18. ^ Rippin, Andrew. Muslims: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices. p. 282. 
19. ^ "Claims of Hadhrat Ahmad". http://www.alislam.org/books/3in1/chap2/index.html.  Chapter Two
20. ^ "British Government and Jihad". http://www.alislam.org/library/books/BritishGovt-and-Jihad.pdf. 
21. ^ "AlaHazrat". http://www.hazrat.org/renewal.htm. 

External links

• physics, Mujaddid
• Islami Mehfil, Concept Of Revivalist (Mujaddid) In Islam

Further reading

• Alvi, Sajida S. "The Mujaddid and Tajdīd Traditions in the Indian Subcontinent: An Historical Overview" ("Hindistan’da Mucaddid ve Tacdîd geleneği: Tarihî bir bakış"). Journal of Turkish Studies 18 (1994): 1–15.
• Friedmann, Yohanan. "Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi: An Outline of His Thought and a Study of His Image in the Eyes of Posterity". Oxford India Paperbacks