Premolar

Premolar
Premolar
Gray997.png
Permanent teeth of right half of lower dental arch, seen from above.
Latin dentes premolares
Gray's subject #242 1118
MeSH Premolar

The premolar teeth or bicuspids are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth. In humans, there are two premolars per quadrant, making eight premolars total in the mouth.[1][2][3] They have at least two cusps. Premolars can be considered as a 'transitional tooth' during chewing, or mastication. It has properties of both the anterior canines and posterior molars, and so food can be transferred from the canines to the premolars and finally to the molars for grinding, instead of directly from the canines to the molars.[4]

The premolars in humans are the maxillary first premolar, maxillary second premolar, mandibular first premolar, and the mandibular second premolar.[1][3]

There is always one large buccal cusp, especially so in the mandibular first premolar. The lower second premolar almost always presents with two lingual cusps.[5]

Molar teeth by definition are permanent teeth distal to the canines, preceded by deciduous premolars.[6] In primitive placental mammals there are four premolars per quadrant. The most mesial two have been lost in Catarrhines (Old World monkeys and apes, including humans). Paleontologists refer to human premolars as Pm3 and Pm4.[7]

Additional images

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Roger Warwick & Peter L. Williams, ed. (1973), Gray’s Anatomy (35th ed.), London: Longman, pp. 1218–1220 
  2. ^ Weiss, M.L., & Mann, A.E (1985), Human Biology and Behaviour: An anthropological perspective (4th ed.), Boston: Little Brown, pp. 132–135, 198–199, ISBN 0-673-39013-6 
  3. ^ a b Glanze, W.D., Anderson, K.N., & Anderson, L.E, ed. (1990), Mosby's Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary (3rd ed.), St. Louis, Missouri: The C.V. Mosby Co., p. 957, ISBN 0-8016-3227-7 
  4. ^ Weiss, M.L., & Mann, A.E. (1985), pp.132-134
  5. ^ Warwick, R., & Williams, P.L. (1973), p.1219.
  6. ^ Warwick, R., & Williams, P.L. (1973), pp.1218-1219.
  7. ^ Christopher Dean (1994). "Jaws and teeth". In Steve Jones, Robert Martin & David Pilbeam (eds.). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 56–59. ISBN 0-521-32370-3.  Also ISBN 0-521-46786-1 (paperback)

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  • Premolar — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Artículo principal: Diente Premolar, Gray s Anatomy Se denomina diente premolar a cualquier diente que erupciona en el espacio dejado por un molar temporal. Hay en total 8 premolares, 4 en la …   Wikipedia Español

  • premolar — PREMOLÁR, premolari, s.m. Fiecare dintre dinţii mamiferelor situaţi între canini şi molari. ♢ (Adjectival) Dinte premolar. – Din fr. prémolaire. Trimis de oprocopiuc, 09.04.2004. Sursa: DEX 98  premolár s. m., pl. premolári Trimis de siveco,… …   Dicționar Român

  • premolar — m. anat. Diente dotado de dos cúspides y situado entre los caninos y los molares. En cada maxilar hay cuatro agrupados de dos en dos. Medical Dictionary. 2011. premolar …   Diccionario médico

  • premolar — adj. Se dice de los molares que en la dentición del mamífero adulto han reemplazado a los de la primera dentición. Están situados al lado de los caninos y su raíz es más sencilla que la de las otras muelas. U. m. c. s.) ☛ V. diente premolar …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • premolar — (also premolar tooth) ► NOUN ▪ a tooth situated between the canines and molar teeth …   English terms dictionary

  • premolar — [prē mō′lər] adj. designating or of any of the bicuspid teeth situated in front of the molars n. a premolar tooth …   English World dictionary

  • Premolar — Pre*mo lar, a. (Anat.) Situated in front of the molar teeth. n. An anterior molar tooth which has replaced a deciduous molar. See {Tooth}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • premolar — 1. Anterior to a molar tooth. 2. A bicuspid tooth. * * * pre·mo·lar mō lər adj situated in front of or preceding the molar teeth esp being or relating to those teeth of a mammal in front of the true molars and behind the canines when the latter… …   Medical dictionary

  • premolar — ► adjetivo/ sustantivo masculino ANATOMÍA Se aplica al molar que está al lado de los caninos y que ha reemplazado al de la primera dentición. * * * premolar adj. y n. m. Anat. Se aplica a los *dientes de los mamíferos situados entre los caninos y …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • premolar — {{#}}{{LM P31448}}{{〓}} {{[}}premolar{{]}} ‹pre·mo·lar› {{《}}▍ s.m.{{》}} → {{↑}}diente premolar{{↓}} …   Diccionario de uso del español actual con sinónimos y antónimos

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