W. N. T. Beckett

Captain Walter Napier Thomason Beckett, MVO, DSC, RN (1893 – 1941) was a noted Royal Navy officer in both World War I and World War II. He was known to most people as “Joe” Beckett, after a famous British boxer of the same era, as they shared the same surname. Beckett was also a capable amateur boxer, holding the title of Royal Navy Heavyweight boxing champion for some time.

In 'Fabulous Admirals and some naval fragments' published in 1957, Beckett is described as "an Elizabethan character, who was rough, tough, large and strong, and his words smelt of tar, spunyarn, sound commonsense and humour.” The author, Commander Geoffrey Lowis RN, included a chapter on Beckett, who he thought a great character. Much of this article is drawn from that book.

Life

Early life

Beckett was born in Bilasput in the Central Provinces of India on March 25, 1893. He was the younger son of Brigadier-General William Thomas Clifford Beckett CBE, DSO (1862-1956) and Bessie Drummond, daughter of Major-General Charles Simeon Thomason (1833-1911) of the Bengal Royal Engineers. His older brother Clifford became Major-General Clifford Thomason Beckett CB, CBE, MC (1891-1972) of the Royal Artillery, who had a distinguished military career including being Acting General Officer Commanding Malta in 1942.

Beckett’s father William had also been a senior Civil Engineer, working on behalf of the Indian government. At the time of W.N.T. Beckett’s birth, his father was in charge of constructing the first railway bridges over the Orissa rivers on the East Coast Extension of the Bengal – Nagpur Railway, completing the connection between the cities of Calcutta and Madras. In 1901, he was awarded the Gold Medal from the Institution of Civil Engineers for a paper he presented on his completed project.

The family returned to Great Britain for the boys education, and lived near Grantown-on-Spey in Scotland, where Beckett loved wandering the hills and glens of Speyside.

Beckett was sent to the Park House School in Kent and in 1906 he entered the Royal Naval College, Osborne, where he excelled at sports and became friends with fellow cadet HRH Prince Edward, the future King Edward VIII. Beckett won innumerable cups and medals for boxing, bayonet fighting, sabres and foils at the Naval Colleges, and later in the fleet and at the Royal Naval and Military Tournament.

The HRH Prince Edward and Beckett both joined the battleship HMS "Hindustan" as Midshipmen in 1911, and served on her for some time.

After two years as a midshipman Beckett was promoted to Acting Sub-Lieutenant and he was also playing fullback in the Navy Rugger team.

World War I

Harwich Force

Beckett served as Sub-Lieutenant in the destroyer HMS "Legion", of Commodore Sir Reginald Tyrwhitt's Harwich Force, and took part in the Battle of Heligoland Bight and the Battle of Dogger Bank. It was about this time he brought out a pamphlet, subsequently published by the Admiralty, ‘Questions in Dutch and German for Boarding Officers’. When HMS "Amphion", the first Royal Naval ship to be sunk during the First World War, [ [http://www.gwpda.org/naval/flccaslt.htm The First + Last Commonwealth Casualties ] at www.gwpda.org] was going down, Beckett was aboard searching for survivors, and became the hero of a tale often told. "Amphion" blew up and Beckett found himself sailing through the air amongst a cloud of bric-a-brac, and amongst it was the wardroom clock, of which Beckett observed the time as he tumbled through the air and into the sea.

During his time on "Legion", Beckett developed a reputation as an excellent seaman, and a practitioner of fine nautical skills and knot-work. These skills and his attention to detail became legendary in the Service, and many shoddy jobs were discarded with the words, “That would never do for Joe Beckett”.

While Beckett was serving with the Harwich Force, he was befriended by the renowned English author Rudyard Kipling, and was invited to his home Bateman's, in East Sussex. Kipling was very interested in the Royal Navy, and used Beckett as a source of information for his 1916 naval classic, "Sea Warfare". In one of Kipling's letters, he colourfully describes his meeting with Lieutenant Beckett, and states "he held us breathless or weak with laughter". [ [http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_seawarfare_destroyers_notes.htm "Sea Warfare - Destroyers at Jutland ] at www.kipling.org.uk] Beckett also enjoyed their meeting, and went on the visit Bateman's again. He found they had various common interests, including a connection to India, where both men had been born.

Coastal Motor Boats (DSC)

From April 1916 until the end of WWI, Beckett was employed in Coastal Motor Boats (CMB’s), with a group of bright young officers known as the ‘Suicide Club’.

In May 1916, Beckett took command of the newly built HM Coastal Motor Boat 4, designed by Sir John Thornycroft. CMB No. 4 was one of a series of small, shallow draft vessels used during WWI. She had a 275 Horsepower Thornycroft V-12 Petrol engine capable of convert|24.8|kn|mph km/h|1. She carried a single convert|18|in|mm|0|sing=on torpedo in a trough abaft the cockpit (from which it was launched tail-first over the stern by a cordite-powered ram) and four .303 Lewis machine guns and carried a crew of 3.

While in command of CMB No. 4, Beckett carried out duties of CMB Flotilla Signal Officer, and he trained personnel and conducted smoke trials and experiments.In August 1916, he took command of 3rd Division CMB Flotilla. In December 1916, he proceeded to Dunkirk in charge of the 3rd CMB Division, and operated on the Belgian coast. He organised a temporary base and established liaison with French naval authorities and with the air force. Beckett was in command of a Divisional CMB attack on German destroyers at Zeebrugge on April 7, 1917, as a result one was sunk and one very seriously damaged. For these actions Beckett was Mentioned in Despatches and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC).

In May 1917, Beckett was appointed in command of CMB No. 14, the first of a larger-type CMB carrying four depth-charges in addition to a torpedo: these boats were convert|55|ft|m|0 long, opposed to the forty-foot original type. In July 1917, Beckett was ordered to Portsmouth, to form an anti-submarine CMB base there, and command the Portsmouth CMB Flotilla on anti-submarine and convoy duties. He stayed at that post until September 1918, when he was transferred to CMB Base Osea Island, where he was in charge of half 2nd CMB flotilla. During this time he wrote the CMB Signal Table for the Admiralty. He continued in that position until after Armistice occurred on 11 November 1918.

North Russia and the Dwina River

From May to November 1919, Beckett volunteered for "Special Service" on a dangerous secret mission in North Russia using CMB’s. The Bolsheviks were attacking the White Russians and Beckett was sent as Second-in-Command of CMB Flotilla – Dwina River Force, under Commander-in-Chief Admiral Sir John Green, with whom he began a long friendship. Beckett was in command of CMB No. 28A. During this time he worked with the military (on land), as a Lewis Gun Officer, and on mine clearance duties on the river. He was left in charge to destroy material at their up-river base at Troitsa, and to cover the retirement of military forces.

Between the wars

Following the Russian action Beckett returned to Osea Island, but was soon made Executive Officer of HMS "Cockchafer", in which he proceeded to China to serve on the Yangtse River Patrol. In June 1921, Beckett was back in England and in charge of the HM Fishery Gunboat "Boyne", on North Sea Fishery duties and minesweeping. During this time he salvaged SS "Edith" and towed her to Dover, but his salvage claim was disallowed.

November 1921, he was appointed to the battleship HMS "Ramillies", and became Divisional Officer. During this time Beckett published ‘The boatswain's call: how it is used, and some facts about it’, which was later incorporated into the Official Seamanship Manual. Beckett was made Lieutenant-Commander while serving aboard "Ramillies".

Mediterranean Service

September 1924, Beckett was appointed in command of the destroyer HMS "Vendetta", in the Mediterranean Sea, under Commander-in-Chief Admiral Sir Roger Keyes. In October 1924, HMS "Vendetta" proceeded to the Red Sea and Beckett acted as Senior Naval Officer (SNO) at Jeddah during operations between Ibu Saud and Emir Ali, to safeguard British interests and property. Beckett was then ordered to Port Sudan, to take charge as SNO and to arrange the evacuation of the Egyptian Army from Khartoum, after the assassination of Sir Oliver Lee Stack, the British Governor-General of Sudan and Egyptian army commander.

Royal Service (MVO)

Beckett had one of his most pleasant duties in March and April 1925, when HMS "Vendetta" and another destroyer were chosen to accompany the Royal Yacht on a cruise of the Mediterranean. The purpose of the cruise was for King George V to recuperate after a period of serious illness. The King was joined by Queen Mary, Prince Edward, Princess Victoria and their party. During the cruise Beckett had the opportunity to spend time with the Royal family, and upon the completion of their cruise, King George V presented Beckett with a Member of the Royal Victorian Order (MVO) for the services he had given during their most enjoyable cruise. See accompanying photo taken by Princess Victoria, of Beckett with King George V aboard HMS "Vendetta" during the cruise.

On April, 14 1927, he was appointed in command of HMS "Velox" in the Atlantic Fleet. During this period Beckett began to court Gladys Hemery Lindon, an heiress of an old Welsh family, the Edwardes of Rhyd-y-gors. In 1928 they wed, and were deeply in love. He always referred to her as his ‘Snowdrop’. They settled at her home, St Regulus, near Southampton, and soon after Beckett was made a Commander. On February 21, 1935 their daughter Rosemary Caroline Rowan Beckett was born.

cuttling of HMY "Britannia"

In 1936, Beckett was selected by the Commander-in-Chief, Portsmouth, Admiral Sir John Donald Kelly GCVO, KCB for an unusual task. Beckett had served under Sir John Kelly in the past, and the two were on very good terms. After the death of King George V, King Edward VIII asked Sir John Kelly to organise the scuttling of HMY "Britannia", as it was King George V’s dying wish. Kelly felt there was no better man for the job than Beckett, who had been made a Captain by this stage, and was in command of the destroyer HMS "Winchester". On 10 July 1936, the Winchester towed the stripped hull of the Royal Yacht out past the Isle of Wight to St Catherine’s Deep, and in the presence of Sir Philip Hunloke, who had so often sailed Britannia for the King during her racing career, "Britannia" was scuttled by Captain Beckett.

World War II

HMNB "Devonport" and HMS "Exeter"

Prior to the announcement of the Second World War, Beckett had spent time honing his skills with the Senior Officers Technical Course and Senior Officers War Course.

In January, 1939, Beckett was appointed Captain of Dockyard, Deputy Superintendent and King's Harbour Master of HMNB "Devonport" (HMS "Drake").This was an unusual job for a junior Captain, but one to which Beckett was well fitted. War was on the horizon and a strong man was needed to tighten things up.

Beckett was a seadog, and was not happy to be serving on land. When the opportunity of the Captaincy of the York Class Heavy Cruiser HMS "Exeter" became available, Beckett jumped at the opportunity. She was receiving an extensive refit at Devonport Dockyard, following her participation in the Battle of the River Plate. Beckett was made Captain of the "Exeter" during her refit and supervised the whole process.

Beckett’s death

During this time Beckett’s health began to fail, partially due to the incredible workload placed on his broad shoulders with the running of the dockyard in preparation for war, and the refitting of the "Exeter", but also due to injuries he had sustained earlier in his career.

During his time on the Dwina River in North Russia, he had been exposed to poison gas, that had caused damage to his chest and lungs, and while in CMB’s he had received shrapnel in his left knee. These wounds, particularly his chest, finally took their toll on him and he was sent to have chest X-rays. After a month of ill-health, through which he persevered at the dockyard, Beckett left on Friday, 7 March 1941, for the last time.

On the night of Saturday the 8 March, he had great pain in his chest and stomach. On the morning of Sunday the 9 March, two doctors saw him at home and he was taken to Saltash Hospital for an exploratory operation. He had the operation at 3.00 pm. His beloved wife Gladys saw him at 7pm and stayed with him. At 10pm he lost consciousness, and he finally died at 3.00 am, on Monday 10 March 1941, with Gladys holding his hand. This was the very day he was due to recommission HMS "Exeter".

Beckett’s wife Gladys Hemery died in 1964, and their daughter Rosemary Caroline Rowan now resides in Queensland, Australia and is married with a family (Current at 2008).

Assessment

Captain “Joe” Beckett was a larger than life character, a true lover of the sea, nature and his family. He bravely performed his duty for his country to the highest standard and was taken before his time, like so many others. He has left behind a fascinating collection of naval memorabilia, including a collection of Bosun’s calls and his published books.

References

*Fabulous Admirals, and some naval fragments (Commander GL Lowis, Putnam & Co. Ltd, London, 1957 ... (One chapter on Captain W.N.T. Beckett) )
*A few naval customs, expressions, traditions and superstitions (Captain W.N.T. Beckett, Gieves Ltd, Portsmouth, 1930)
*Burke’s Landed Gentry, 18th Edition (London, 1965)
*The Bridges over the Orissa Rivers on the East Coast Extension of the Bengal – Nagpur Railway. (W.T.C. Beckett, M. Inst. C.E., Paper No. 3250, 1901)
* [http://www.unithistories.com/officers/RN_officersB3.html#Beckett_WNT Beckett’s Naval Career]
*The Letters of Rudyard Kipling, Volume IV, 1911 - 1919 (Editor - Thomas Pinney, MacMillan, London, 1998)
* [http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_seawarfare_destroyers_notes.htm Rudyard Kipling, 'Sea Warfare' - Destroyer Notes]
*Record of Service of Lieutenant Commander W.N.T. Beckett (Unpublished, 1928)
*Personal Diary of Gladys Hemery Beckett (Unpublished, 1941)

External links

* [http://www.wakefieldfhs.org.uk/genealogyjunction/Morayshire/Grantown%20on%20spey%20War%20Mem.htm Commemorated on War Memorial] "(Grantown-on-Spey, Morayshire, Scotland)"
* [http://www.unithistories.com/officers/Army_officers_B01.html#Beckett_CT Career of Major General CT Beckett]
* [http://www.rhyc.demon.co.uk/britannia.htm Further Information on HMY Britannia]
*cite book
title=Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal
author=Marquis of Ruvigny & Raineval, Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval Staff
year=1994
publisher=Genealogical Publishing Com
isbn=0806314338
url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0aUD4NqGYqAC&pg=PA405&vq=beckett&sig=18tIvbB_6Y9ND9O6zVla75oSHBg" (Marquis of Ruvigny & Raineval, London, 1907)"
HM Coastal Motor Boat 4, Captained by W.N.T. Beckett in 1916 – 1917, and used by Beckett during CMB attack on Zeebrugge, April 7, 1917, for which he was awarded DSC and mentioned in Despatches, is on permanent display at the Imperial War Museum, Duxford.

Beckett received the thanks of the Admiralty for devices he had designed (e.g. a balloon indicating device for locating fired practice torpedoes [dated 14.08.1924] , a device submitted concerning a sprocket wheel for mine moorings [dated 15.11.1926] ).

Buried: Havant and Waterloo (Warblington) Cemetery, sec. 2, old ground, grave 105

Beckett's published work includes:

*The boatswain's call: how it is used, and some facts about it, 1922, Gieves Ltd, Portsmouth (Later incorporated in the Official Seamanship Manual [dated 10.03.1927] ).

*A few naval customs, expressions, traditions and superstitions,1930, Gieves Ltd, Portsmouth

*Questions in Dutch and German for Boarding Officers, 1914 (A pamphlet published by the Admiralty);