Chino, California

City of Chino
—  City  —
Seal
Location of Chino within Southwestern San Bernardino County, California.
Coordinates: 34°1′4″N 117°41′24″W / 34.01778°N 117.69°W / 34.01778; -117.69Coordinates: 34°1′4″N 117°41′24″W / 34.01778°N 117.69°W / 34.01778; -117.69
Country	United States
State	California
County	San Bernardino
Incorporated	1910
Government
- Type	Council-Manager
- Mayor	Dennis Yates
- City Manager	Pat Glover
Area[1]
- Total	29.652 sq mi (76.799 km2)
- Land	29.639 sq mi (76.766 km2)
- Water	0.013 sq mi (0.033 km2)  0.04%
Elevation	728 ft (222 m)
Population (2010)
- Total	77,983
- Density	2,629.9/sq mi (1,015.4/km2)
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
- Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code	91708, 91710
Area code(s)	909
FIPS code	06-13210
GNIS feature ID	1660477
Website	www.cityofchino.org

Chino is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is located in the western end of the Riverside-San Bernardino Area and it is easily accessible via the Chino Valley (71) and Pomona (60) freeways.

Chino is bounded by Chino Hills to the west, unincorporated San Bernardino County (near Montclair) to the north, Ontario to the northeast, unincorporated San Bernardino County to the southeast, and unincorporated Riverside County to the south. The population was 77,983 at the 2010 census, up from 67,168 at the 2000 census.

Chino and its surroundings have long been a center of agriculture and dairy farming, serving the considerable demands for milk products in Southern California and much of the southwestern United States. Chino’s rich agricultural history dates back to the Spanish land grant forming Rancho Santa Ana del Chino. The area specialized in orchard, row crops and dairy. Downtown Chino is home to satellite branches of the San Bernardino County Library and Chaffey Community College, the Chino Community Theatre, the Chino Boxing Club and a weekly Farmer's Market. In 2008 the City of Chino was awarded the prestigious "100 Best Communities for Youth" award for the second time in three years.^[2] Chino hosted shooting events for the 1984 Summer Olympics at the Prado Olympic Shooting Park in the Prado Regional Park. Two California state prisons for adults (California Institution for Men and California Institution for Women), as well as the Heman G. Stark Youth Correctional Facility, lie within the city limits.^[3]

The land grant on which the town was founded was called Rancho Santa Ana del Chino. Santa Ana is Spanish for Saint Anne, but the exact meaning of "Chino" has been explained in different ways. One explanation is that the "Chino," (curly-haired person or mixed-race person) was the chief of the local Native American village.^[4] The president of the Chino Valley Historical Society, drawing on US Civil War-era letters, designates the "curl" referenced in the toponym as that at the top of the grama grass that abounded in the valley.^[5]

History

The first inhabitants of Chino in modern times were the Tongva, who had a settlement called Wapijangna in the Santa Ana River watershed. Some residents of Wapijanga were baptized at Mission San Gabriel, which was established in 1771. The Spanish crown claimed the land, at least nominally, until Mexican independence was finalized and possession fell to the Mexican government.

Some twenty years later, Mexican governor of Alta California Juan Bautista Alvarado granted Rancho Santa Ana del Chino to Antonio Maria Lugo of the prominent Lugo family. Two years later, his successor, Governor Micheltorena, granted an additional three leagues to Lugo's son-in-law Isaac Williams, who took charge of the rancho. Williams kept large quantities of horses and cattle, which attracted the envy of raiding Native Americans as well as unscrupulous whites. One of the latter was James Beckwourth, who, in 1840, posed as an otter hunter and stayed at Rancho Chino to determine the location of the area's animals, which he then reported to Walkara, the Ute mastermind of the raids.

Early in the Mexican-American War, the Battle of Chino took place at Williams' rancho. The battle ended prior to the arrival of the Mormon Battalion, dispatched on behalf of the United States, who instead labored in the rancho's agricultural harvest and constructed a grist mill.

During the California Gold Rush, the rancho was a popular stopover for travelers, and in the mining fury, coal was discovered there. In 1850, California was admitted to the union, and the process of separating privately-held lands from the public domain began. The Williams claim to the Chino Rancho was patented in 1869.

Richard Gird was the next owner of the Rancho. Beginning in 1887, his land was subdivided and laid out. It became the 'Town of Chino,' and incorporated into a city in 1910.^[6] Sugar beets, corn, and alfalfa were raised there.

Many historical elements of Chino were frantically demolished for speculation. A large house was demolished to build 'Value Fair' now a defunct shopping area on the corner of Walnut and Central. The City Central—Old Town, was demolished for the Courts, Police and City Hall, and now faces obsolescence as the Courts, Police and City Hall look for better places.^{[citation needed]} The lower area of the City has always been prone to flooding, and Prado Dam areas are hazardous in times of rain. Race relations reached City wide proportions in the late 60s with many patrol cars burned. Chicano versus White and Chicano versus Black racial animosities have always been present since the late 60s in the Chino region.^{[citation needed]}

In the 1970s, Chino developed into a small suburban city, forming the western anchor of the Inland Empire region, and now the city's development has gradually taken on a more middle-class character. There are still many industrial areas as well as farm animals such as goats and chickens. According to the 2004 FBI UCR, the city had about 3.6 violent crimes per 1,000 population, which is typical for an American suburb, and its property crime below average.

Economy

Top employers

According to the City's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,^[7] the top employers in the city are:

#	Employer	# of Employees
1	Chino Valley Unified School District	Over 1,000
2	California Institution for Men	Over 1,000
3	Chino Valley Medical Center	500-1,000
4	Hussmann	fewer than 500
5	Wal-Mart	fewer than 500
6	Mission Linen Supply	fewer than 500
7	Target	fewer than 500
8	Nature's Best	fewer than 500
9	Sundance Spas	fewer than 500
10	AEP Industries	fewer than 500
11	Omnia Furniture	fewer than 500
12	ClosetMaid	fewer than 500
13	Ball	fewer than 500
14	Best Buy	fewer than 500
15	Farmers Insurance Group	fewer than 500

Education

Chino has 9 elementary schools:

• El Rancho Elementary (Closed in 2008-2009 School Year)
• Alicia Cortez Elementary
• Newman Elementary
• E.J. Marshall Elementary
• Dickson Elementary
• Anna Borba
• Howard Cattle
• Richard Gird (Closed in 2008-2009 School Year)
• Edwin Rhodes

Chino has 3 junior high schools:

• Briggs Junior High School
• Ramona Junior High School
• Magnolia Junior High School

Chino has 3 high schools:

• Don Antonio Lugo High School
• Buena Vista High School
• Chino High School

Chino is serviced by a satellite center of Chaffey College, a community college.

Geography

Chino is located at 34°1′4″N 117°41′24″W / 34.01778°N 117.69°W / 34.01778; -117.69 (34.017765, -117.689990)^[8]. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.7 square miles (77 km²). 29.6 square miles (77 km²) of it is land and 0.04% is water.

• Chino is a suburb in San Bernardino County, located 33 miles (53 km) from the county seat, San Bernardino.
• Los Angeles, 35 miles (56 km)
• Riverside, 26 miles (42 km)
• Santa Ana, 30 miles (48 km)
• Anaheim, 24 miles (39 km)

Demographics

Historical populations
Census	Pop.		%±
1910	1,444		—
1920	2,132		47.6%
1930	3,118		46.2%
1940	4,204		34.8%
1950	5,784		37.6%
1960	10,305		78.2%
1970	20,411		98.1%
1980	40,165		96.8%
1990	59,682		48.6%
2000	67,168		12.5%
2010	77,983		16.1%

2010

The 2010 United States Census^[9] reported that Chino had a population of 77,983. The population density was 2,629.9 people per square mile (1,015.4/km²). The racial makeup of Chino was 43,981 (56.4%) White, 4,829 (6.2%) African American, 786 (1.0%) Native American, 8,159 (10.5%) Asian, 168 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 16,503 (21.2%) from other races, and 3,557 (4.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 41,993 persons (53.8%).

The Census reported that 70,919 people (90.9% of the population) lived in households, 164 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 6,900 (8.8%) were institutionalized.

There were 20,772 households, out of which 9,979 (48.0%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,426 (59.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,041 (14.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 1,469 (7.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,185 (5.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 147 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,840 households (13.7%) were made up of individuals and 1,020 (4.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.41. There were 16,936 families (81.5% of all households); the average family size was 3.72.

The population was spread out with 19,737 people (25.3%) under the age of 18, 8,530 people (10.9%) aged 18 to 24, 25,091 people (32.2%) aged 25 to 44, 18,954 people (24.3%) aged 45 to 64, and 5,671 people (7.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.2 years. For every 100 females there were 105.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.2 males.

There were 21,797 housing units at an average density of 735.1 per square mile (283.8/km²), of which 14,315 (68.9%) were owner-occupied, and 6,457 (31.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.4%. 49,280 people (63.2% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 21,639 people (27.7%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

As of the census^[10] of 2000, there were 67,168 people, 17,304 households, and 14,102 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,190.5 inhabitants per square mile (1,232.0/km²). There were 17,898 housing units at an average density of 850.2 per square mile (328.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 55.7% White, 7.8% African American, 0.9% Native American, 4.9% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 25.6% from other races, and 4.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 47.4% of the population.

There were 17,304 households out of which 47.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.5% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 14.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.4 and the average family size was 3.8.

In the city the population was spread out with 28.5% under the age of 18, 12.3% from 18 to 24, 34.2% from 25 to 44, 19.2% from 45 to 64, and 5.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 124.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 133.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $55,401, and the median income for a family was $59,638. Males had a median income of $35,855 versus $30,267 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,574. About 6.3% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

Politics

In the state legislature Chino is located in the 29th Senate District, represented by Republicans Bob Huff, and in the 61st Assembly District, represented by Democrat Norma Torres. Federally, Chino is located in California's 42nd congressional district, which has a Cook PVI of R +10^[11] and is represented by Republican Gary Miller.

Attractions

• Planes of Fame is an air museum at Chino Airport.
• Yanks Air Museum is another air museum at Chino Airport.
• Flo's Airport Cafe, also at Chino Airport.

Chino in popular culture

The term Chino is often mentioned in music and television but usually in reference to the prison located there and not the city.

• In the television series The O.C., the main character, Ryan Atwood, is a tough kid from Chino adopted into a wealthy family in Newport Beach. In the series, Chino is depicted as a dreary slum. The negative depiction of Chino led to complaints from city officials that Chino was being depicted as a "dirtbag town."^[12]
• Chino was used as a location during the filming of the movies "Macabre" and "Back to the Future", particularly the latter's farmland setting when Marty first travels back in time to 1955.
• Chino is mentioned in Alejandro Escovedo's song Smoke, off the album Real Animal.
• Chino is mentioned in Robert Hunter's song Friend of the Devil, performed by the Grateful Dead.
• In the song "Murder Was the Case", by rapper Snoop Dogg, he mentions in the song, "I'm on my way to Chino, rollin' on tha grey goose".
• California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, while giving a speech in Chico, CA, referred to that city as "Chino".
• In the song Original Prankster by The Offspring.
• The Mountain Goats have written several songs about Chino. The song Going to Chino applauds the city for its rich agriculture and accredited medical care.
• In the movie "Heat" starring Robert DeNiro and Al Pacino, the men's prison in Chino is referred to as a 'gladiator academy.'" [1]
• In the movie 2 Fast 2 Furious Chino is referenced.
• The Blasters refer to doing time at Chino State Prison in a song on their live album.
• In the movie, American History X, the protagonist was sent to the Chino State Prison

External links

Inland Empire portal

• Official site

References

1. ^ U.S. Census
2. ^ Chino Amongst the "100 Best" Again Accessed 13 November 2008
3. ^ Mayor Takes a Stand on Prison Population. City of Chino, 14 August 2006. Accessed 29 November 2007.
4. ^ Gudde, Erwin Gustav; William Bright (1998). California Place Names. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 77. ISBN 0-520-24217-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=Kqwt5RlMVBoC. 
5. ^ Jones, Kay (2009-09-03). "Why We Celebrate the 1st Territorial Capital Days in Chino". Chino Valley eNews. http://www.chinovalleyenews.com/chino-valley/why-we-celebrate-the-1st-territorial-capital-days-in-chino. Retrieved 2009-12-01. 
6. ^ Dubois, Phil; Allen P. McCombs. "Chino Police History". Chino Police Department Website. Chino PD. http://www.chinopd.org/Overview%20pages/Chino%20PD%20History.htm. Retrieved 2009-12-01. 
7. ^ City of Chino CAFR
8. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23. 
9. ^ All data are derived from the United States Census Bureau reports from the 2010 United States Census, and are accessible on-line here. The data on unmarried partnerships and same-sex married couples are from the Census report DEC_10_SF1_PCT15. All other housing and population data are from Census report DEC_10_DP_DPDP1. Both reports are viewable online or downloadable in a zip file containing a comma-delimited data file. The area data, from which densities are calculated, are available on-line here. Percentage totals may not add to 100% due to rounding. The Census Bureau defines families as a household containing one or more people related to the householder by birth, opposite-sex marriage, or adoption. People living in group quarters are tabulated by the Census Bureau as neither owners nor renters. For further details, see the text files accompanying the data files containing the Census reports mentioned above.
10. ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
11. ^ "Will Gerrymandered Districts Stem the Wave of Voter Unrest?". Campaign Legal Center Blog. http://www.clcblog.org/blog_item-85.html. Retrieved 2008-02-10. 
12. ^ Straight, Susan (2003-09-09). "Dissed by "The O.C."". Salon. http://dir.salon.com/story/mwt/feature/2003/09/09/oc/index.html.