Compression fracture

Compression fracture
Compression fracture
Classification and external resources

Compression fracture of the fourth lumbar vertebra post falling from a height.
ICD-9 or 805x and 806x,if traumatic 733.13 or 805x and 806x,if traumatic
X-ray of the lumbar spine with a compression fracture of the third lumbar vertebra.

A compression fracture is a collapse of a vertebra. It may be due to trauma or due to a weakened vertebra. This weakening is seen patients with osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta, lytic lesions from metastatic or primary tumors,[1] or infection[2]. In healthy patients it is most often seen in individuals suffering extreme vertical shocks, such as ejection seats. Seen in lateral views in plain x-ray films, compression fractures of the spine characteristically appear as wedge deformities, with greater loss of height anteriorly than posteriorly and intact pedicles in the anteroposterior view.[3]

Contents

Treatment

Conservative treatment

Surgical

  • Kyphoplasty[5] and vertebroplasty[5][6], minimally invasive procedures designed to treat pain from osteoporotic compression fractures and sometimes other forms of fracture, such as a fracture caused by certain types of cancer. Vertebroplasty has been found to be ineffective.[7][8]

References

  1. ^ Rounds 2:Treatment of Metastic Bone Disease. A CME approved training from Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center.
  2. ^ NIH summary of osteomyelitis for patients
  3. ^ Brant W, Helms C. Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology. pp. 302. 
  4. ^ Knopp JA, Diner BM, Blitz M, Lyritis GP, Rowe BH (2005). "Calcitonin for treating acute pain of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a systematic review of randomized, controlled trials". Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA 16 (10): 1281–90. doi:10.1007/s00198-004-1798-8. PMID 15614441. 
  5. ^ a b Taylor RS, Taylor RJ, Fritzell P (2006). "Balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty for vertebral compression fractures: a comparative systematic review of efficacy and safety". Spine 31 (23): 2747–55. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000244639.71656.7d. PMID 17077747. 
  6. ^ Taylor RS, Fritzell P, Taylor RJ (2007). "Balloon kyphoplasty in the management of vertebral compression fractures: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis". European Spine Journal 16 (8): 1085. doi:10.1007/s00586-007-0308-z. PMC 2200787. PMID 17277923. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2200787. 
  7. ^ Kallmes DF, Comstock BA, Heagerty PJ, et al. (August 2009). "A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures". N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (6): 569–79. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0900563. PMC 2930487. PMID 19657122. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2930487. 
  8. ^ Buchbinder R, Osborne RH, Ebeling PR, et al. (August 2009). "A randomized trial of vertebroplasty for painful osteoporotic vertebral fractures". N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (6): 557–68. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0900429. PMID 19657121. 

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Compression fracture — A fracture caused by compression, the act of pressing together. Compression fractures of the vertebrae are especially common in the elderly. A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an… …   Medical dictionary

  • compression fracture — noun Any fracture of a bone (most often a load bearing bone such as a vertebra) caused by compression …   Wiktionary

  • compression fracture — noun fracture in which the bone collapses (especially in short bones such as vertebrae) • Hypernyms: ↑fracture, ↑break …   Useful english dictionary

  • wedge-compression fracture — compression fracture of only the anterior part of a vertebra, leaving a wedge shaped vertebra …   Medical dictionary

  • axial compression fracture — fracture of a vertebra by excessive vertical force, so that pieces of it move out in horizontal directions, often injuring the spinal cord; it usually occurs in the thoracic or lumbar region as a result of flexion. Called also burst f …   Medical dictionary

  • Vertebral compression fracture — A fracture that collapses a spinal vertebra as a result of the compression of bone, leading to collapse of the vertebrae much like a sponge collapses under the pressure of one s hand. Although they may occur without pain, such vertebral fractures …   Medical dictionary

  • Fracture, compression — A fracture caused by compression, the act of pressing together. Compression fractures of the vertebrae are especially common in the elderly. A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an… …   Medical dictionary

  • Fracture, compound — A fracture in which the bone is sticking through the skin. Also called an open fracture. A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an acquired disease of bone such as osteoporosis or… …   Medical dictionary

  • Fracture, greenstick — A fracture in which one side of a bone is broken while the other is bent (like a green stick). A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an acquired disease of bone such as osteoporosis or… …   Medical dictionary

  • Fracture, open — A fracture in which the bone is sticking through the skin. Also called a compound fracture. A fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage. It usually is a result of trauma but can be due to an acquired disease of bone such as osteoporosis or… …   Medical dictionary

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