Dimethylglycine

N,N-Dimethylglycine
IUPAC name N,N-Dimethylglycine
Other names 2-(dimethylamino)acetic acid
Identifiers
CAS number	1118-68-9 Y
PubChem	673
ChemSpider	653 Y
EC-number	214-267-8
DrugBank	DB02083
KEGG	C01026 Y
MeSH	Dimethylglycine
ChEBI	CHEBI:58251 Y
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES O=C(O)CN(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C4H9NO2/c1-5(2)3-4(6)7/h3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7) Y Key: FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C4H9NO2/c1-5(2)3-4(6)7/h3H2,1-2H3,(H,6,7) Key: FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYAX
Properties
Molecular formula	C4H9NO2
Molar mass	103.12 g/mol
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Dimethylglycine (DMG) is a derivative of the amino acid glycine with the structural formula (CH₃)₂NCH₂COOH. It can be found in beans and liver. It can be formed from trimethylglycine upon the loss of one of its methyl groups. It is also a byproduct of the metabolism of choline.

When DMG was first discovered, it was referred to as vitamin B₁₆, but, unlike true B vitamins, deficiency of DMG in the diet does not lead to any ill-effects meaning it does not meet the definition of a vitamin. In legal terms, it has been deemed a food product and, as such, is available without a practitioner or prescription.

Uses

Dimethylglycine has been suggested for use as an athletic performance enhancer, immunostimulant, and a treatment for autism, epilepsy, or mitochondrial disease.^[1][2] Published studies on the subject have shown little to no difference between DMG treatment and placebo.^[3][4]

References

1. ^ "Dimethylglycine". About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products. Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center. December 8, 2009. http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69204.cfm. 
2. ^ Chinnery P, Majamaa K, Turnbull D, Thorburn D (2006). "Treatment for mitochondrial disorders". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online) (1): CD004426. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004426.pub2. PMID 16437486. 
3. ^ Bolman WM, Richmond JA (June 1999). "A double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover pilot trial of low-dose dimethylglycine in patients with autistic disorder". Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 29 (3): 191–4. PMID 10425581. 
4. ^ Kern JK, Miller VS, Cauller PL, Kendall PR, Mehta PJ, Dodd M (March 2001). "Effectiveness of N,N-dimethylglycine in autism and pervasive developmental disorder". Journal of Child Neurology 16 (3): 169–73. PMID 11305684. http://jcn.sagepub.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=11305684.