List of mammals in Egypt

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Egypt. There are 100 mammal species in Egypt, of which 3 are critically endangered, 3 are endangered, 8 are vulnerable, and 1 is near-threatened.1 of the species listed for Egypt can no longer be found in the wild. [This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN:

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories:

ubclass: Theria

Infraclass: Eutheria

Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)

----The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

*Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes)
***Genus: Heterohyrax
**** Yellow-spotted Rock Hyrax "Heterohyrax brucei" LC
***Genus: Procavia
**** Cape Hyrax "Procavia capensis" LC

Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)

----Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

*Family: Dugongidae
***Genus: Dugong
**** Dugong "Dugong dugon" VU

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

----Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

*Suborder: Hystricognathi
**Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
****Genus: Hystrix
***** Crested Porcupine "Hystrix cristata" LC
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Leithiinae
****Genus: Eliomys
***** Asian Garden Dormouse "Eliomys melanurus" LC
**Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
***Subfamily: Allactaginae
****Genus: Allactaga
***** Four-toed jerboa "Allactaga tetradactyla" DD
***Subfamily: Dipodinae
****Genus: Jaculus
***** Lesser Egyptian Jerboa "Jaculus jaculus" LC
***** Greater Egyptian Jerboa "Jaculus orientalis" LC
**Family: Spalacidae
***Subfamily: Spalacinae
****Genus: Nannospalax
***** Palestine Mole Rat "Nannospalax ehrenbergi" LC
**Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Deomyinae
****Genus: Acomys
***** Cairo Spiny Mouse "Acomys cahirinus" LC
***** Golden Spiny Mouse "Acomys russatus" LR/lc
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: Dipodillus
***** North African Gerbil "Dipodillus campestris" LC
****Genus: Gerbillus
***** Pleasant Gerbil "Gerbillus amoenus" DD
***** Anderson's Gerbil "Gerbillus andersoni" LR/lc
***** Flower's Gerbil "Gerbillus floweri" LC
***** "Gerbillus gerbillus" LC
***** Pygmy Gerbil "Gerbillus henleyi" LC
***** Mackillingin's Gerbil "Gerbillus mackillingini" LC
***** "Gerbillus nanus" LC
***** Pale Gerbil "Gerbillus perpallidus" LC
***** Greater Egyptian Gerbil "Gerbillus pyramidum" LC
***** "Gerbillus simoni" LC
****Genus: Meriones
***** Sundevall's Jird "Meriones crassus" LC
***** Libyan Jird "Meriones libycus" LC
***** Shaw's Jird "Meriones shawi" LC
****Genus: Pachyuromys
***** Fat-tailed Gerbil "Pachyuromys duprasi" LC
****Genus: Psammomys
***** Sand Rat "Psammomys obesus" LC
****Genus: Sekeetamys
***** Bushy-tailed Jird "Sekeetamys calurus" LC
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: Arvicanthis
***** African Grass Rat "Arvicanthis niloticus" LC
****Genus: Nesokia
***** Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat "Nesokia indica" LC

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

----The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early twentieth century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: Lepus
*** Cape Hare "Lepus capensis" LR/lc

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

----The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
***Genus: Hemiechinus
**** Desert Hedgehog "Hemiechinus aethiopicus" LR/lc
**** Long-eared Hedgehog "Hemiechinus auritus" LR/lc
**** North African Desert Hedgehog "paraechinus aethiopicus"

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons)

----The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers.

*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
***Genus: Crocidura
**** Lesser White-toothed Shrew "Crocidura suaveolens" DD
**** Flower's Shrew "Crocidura floweri" DD
**** Olivier's Shrew "Crocidura olivieri" LC
**** Egyptian Pygmy Shrew "Crocidura religiosa" DD
***Genus: Suncus
**** House Shrew "Suncus murinus" DD

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

----The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

*Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
**Subfamily: Pteropodinae
***Genus: Rousettus
**** Egyptian fruit bat "Rousettus aegyptiacus" LC
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
***Genus: Barbastella
**** Eastern Barbastelle "Barbastella leucomelas" LR/lc
***Genus: Eptesicus
**** Botta's Serotine "Eptesicus bottae" LC
***Genus: Hypsugo
**** Desert Pipistrelle "Hypsugo ariel" DD
**** Bodenheimer's Pipistrelle "Hypsugo bodenheimeri" LR/nt
***Genus: Nycticeinops
**** Schlieffen's Twilight Bat "Nycticeinops schlieffeni" LC
***Genus: Otonycteris
**** Desert Long-eared Bat "Otonycteris hemprichii" LR/lc
***Genus: Pipistrellus
**** Egyptian Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus deserti" LC
**** Kuhl's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus kuhlii" LC
**** Rüppel's Pipistrelle "Pipistrellus rueppelli" LC
***Genus: Plecotus
**** "Plecotus christiei" DD
*Family: Rhinopomatidae
**Genus: Rhinopoma
*** Lesser Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma hardwickei" LC
*** Greater Mouse-tailed Bat "Rhinopoma microphyllum" LC
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: Tadarida
*** Egyptian Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida aegyptiaca" LC
*** European Free-tailed Bat "Tadarida teniotis" LR/lc
*Family: Emballonuridae
**Genus: Taphozous
*** Naked-rumped Tomb Bat "Taphozous nudiventris" LC
*** Egyptian Tomb Bat "Taphozous perforatus" LC
*Family: Nycteridae
**Genus: Nycteris
*** Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat "Nycteris thebaica" LC
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: Rhinolophus
**** Geoffroy's Horseshoe Bat "Rhinolophus clivosus" LC
**** Lesser horseshoe bat "Rhinolophus hipposideros" LC
**Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
***Genus: Asellia
**** Trident Leaf-nosed Bat "Asellia tridens" LC
***Genus: Triaenops
**** Persian Trident Bat "Triaenops persicus" LC

Order: Cetacea (whales)

----The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

*Suborder: Odontoceti
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
****Genus: Steno
***** Rough-toothed Dolphin "Steno bredanensis" DD
****Genus: Sousa
***** "Sousa chinensis" DD
****Genus: Stenella
***** Spinner Dolphin "Stenella longirostris" LR/cd
****Genus: Delphinus
***** Common dolphin "Delphinus delphis" LR/lc

Order: Carnivora (carnivores)

----The carnivores include over 260 species, the majority of which eat meat as their primary dietary item. Carnivores have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: Acinonyx
***** Cheetah "Acinonyx jubatus" VU
****Genus: Caracal
***** Caracal "Felis caracal" LC
****Genus: Felis
***** Jungle Cat "Felis chaus" LC
***** Sand Cat "Felis margarita" NT
***** Wildcat "Felis silvestris" LC
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: Panthera
***** Lion "Panthera leo" EX
***** Leopard "Panthera pardus" VU
**Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.)
***Subfamily: Viverrinae
****Genus: Genetta
***** Abyssinian Genet "Genetta abyssinica" DD
***** Common Genet "Genetta genetta" LR/lc
**Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
***Genus: Herpestes
**** Egyptian Mongoose "Herpestes ichneumon" LR/lc
**Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
***Genus: Hyaena
**** Striped Hyena "Hyaena hyaena" LR/nt
***Genus: Proteles
**** Aardwolf "Proteles cristatus" LR/lc
*Suborder: Caniformia
**Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
***Genus: Vulpes
**** Rueppell's Fox "Vulpes rueppelli" DD
**** Red Fox "Vulpes vulpes" LC
**** Fennec "Vulpes zerda" VU
**** Blanford's Fox "Vulpes cana" VU
***Genus: Canis
**** Golden Jackal "Canis aureus" VU
**** Golden Jackal "Canis lupus" DD
**** Golden Jackal "Canis lupaster" DD
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: Mustela
**** Least Weasel "Mustela nivalis" LR/lc
***Genus: Ictonyx
**** Saharan Striped Polecat "Ictonyx libyca" LR/lc
**** Striped Polecat "Ictonyx striatus" LR/lc
***Genus: Mellivora
**** Ratel "Mellivora capensis" LR/lc

**Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
***Genus: Monachus
**** Mediterranean Monk Seal "Monachus monachus" CR

Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

----

The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

*Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
**Genus: Equus
*** African Wild Ass "Equus africanus" CR

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

----The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

*Family: Suidae (pigs)
**Subfamily: Suinae
***Genus: Sus
**** Boar "Sus scrofa" EX
*Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
**Genus: Hippopotamus
*** Hippopotamus "Hippopotamus amphibius" EX
*Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
***Genus: Alcelaphus
**** Red Hartebeest "Alcelaphus buselaphus" LR/cd
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
***Genus: Gazella
**** Dorcas Gazelle "Gazella dorcas" VU
**** Mountain Gazelle "Gazella gazella" VU
**** Slender horned Gazelle "Gazella leptoceros" EN
**Subfamily: Caprinae
***Genus: Ammotragus
**** Barbary Sheep "Ammotragus lervia" VU
***Genus: Capra
**** Nubian Ibex "Capra nubiana" EN
**Subfamily: Hippotraginae
***Genus: Addax
**** Addax "Addax nasomaculatus" CR
***Genus: Oryx
**** Scimitar Oryx "Oryx dammah" EW
**** Arabian Oryx "Oryx leucoryx" EN

Notes

References

*cite web
url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=EG&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus
title=The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Egypt
publisher=IUCN
date=2001
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/
title=Mammal Species of the World
publisher=Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
date=2005
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007
*cite web
url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html
title=Animal Diversity Web
publisher=University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
date=1995-2006
accessdaymonth = 22 May
accessyear=2007

ee also

*List of chordate orders
*List of regional mammals lists
*List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
*New mammal species