Brown-Séquard syndrome

Brown-Séquard syndrome

Infobox_Disease
Name = Brown-Séquard syndrome

| Caption = Brown-Séquard syndrome is bottom diagram | Width = 100px | DiseasesDB = 31117
ICD10 = ICD10|G|83|8|g|80
ICD9 = ICD9|344.89
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj = emerg
eMedicineTopic = 70
eMedicine_mult = eMedicine2|pmr|17 | MeshID = D018437

Brown-Séquard syndrome, also known as Brown-Séquard's hemiplegia and Brown-Séquard's paralysis, is a loss of motor function (paralysis and ataxia) and sensation caused by the lateral hemisection of the spinal cord. Other synonyms are crossed hemiplegia, hemiparaplegic syndrome, hemiplegia et hemiparaplegia spinalis and spinal hemiparaplegia.

Effects

The hemisection of the cord results in a lesion of each of the three main neural systems:
* the principal upper motor neuron pathway of the corticospinal tract
* one or both dorsal columns
* the spinothalamic tract

As a result of the injury to these three main brain pathways the patient will present with three lesions.

* The corticospinal lesion produces spastic paralysis on the same side of the body (the loss of moderation by the UMN).

* The lesion to fasciculus gracilis or fasciculus cuneatus results in ipsilateral loss of vibration and proprioception (position sense).

* The loss of the spinothalamic tract leads to pain and temperature sensation being lost from the contralateral side beginning one or two segments below the lesion. At the lesion site all sensory modalities are lost on the same side, and also an ipsilateral flaccid paralysis.

Causes

Brown-Séquard syndrome may be caused by a spinal cord tumor, trauma (such as a gunshot wound or puncture wound to the neck or back), ischemia (obstruction of a blood vessel), or infectious or inflammatory diseases such as tuberculosis, or multiple sclerosis.

History

It was first described in 1850 by the historically famous British neurologist Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard (1817-1896), who studied the anatomy and physiology of the spinal cord. [ WhoNamedIt|synd|973] [C.-É. Brown-Séquard: De la transmission croisée des impressions sensitives par la moelle épinière. "Comptes rendus de la Société de biologie", (1850)1851, 2: 33-44.] Brown-Séquard was quite a controversial and eccentric figure, and is also known for self-reporting "rejuvenated sexual prowess after eating extracts of monkey testis". The response is now thought to have been a placebo effect, but apparently this was "sufficient to set the field of endocrinology off and running." [ "The Practice of Neuroscience", p. 199-200, John C.M. Brust (2000).]

Interestingly, many nations claim him as their own, he was the son of an American sea captain and a French woman, living in a British territory. He studied in the US, France, as well as the UK. He described this injury which resulted from caning knives trauma in Mauritius.

References

External links

* [http://medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/neuro/review/images/fig02.jpgImage] at ufl.edu


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Brown-Séquard syndrome — the neurological condition resulting when the spinal cord has been damaged. In those parts of the body supplied by the damaged segment there is a flaccid weakness and loss of feeling in the skin. Below the lesion there is a spastic paralysis on… …   Medical dictionary

  • Brown-Séquard syndrome — the neurological condition resulting when the spinal cord has been damaged. In those parts of the body supplied by the damaged segment there is a flaccid weakness and loss of feeling in the skin. Below the lesion there is a spastic paralysis on… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • Brown-Sequard-Syndrom — Klassifikation nach ICD 10 G83.88 Brown Séquard Syndrom …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Brown-Séquard-Syndrom — Klassifikation nach ICD 10 G83.88 Brown Séquard Syndrom …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Brown-Séquard , Charles-Edouard — (1817–1894) British–French physiologist and neurologist Brown Séquard was born in Port Louis, Mauritius, and studied medicine in Paris, graduating in 1846. He was professor of physiology and pathology at Harvard (1864–68) and in 1878 succeeded… …   Scientists

  • Brown-Séquard — Charles E., French physiologist and neurologist, 1817–1894. See Brown Séquard paralysis, Brown Séquard syndrome …   Medical dictionary

  • Syndrome de Brown-Sequard — Syndrome de Brown Séquard Le Syndrome de Brown Séquard est une atteinte de l hemimoelle se traduisant par : du côté homolatéral à la lésion: Syndrome cordonal postérieur du côté controlatéral à la lésion: un syndrome spino thalamique par… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Syndrome de brown-séquard — Le Syndrome de Brown Séquard est une atteinte de l hemimoelle se traduisant par : du côté homolatéral à la lésion: Syndrome cordonal postérieur du côté controlatéral à la lésion: un syndrome spino thalamique par atteintes des fibres qui… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • BROWN-SÉQUARD (C. É.) — BROWN SÉQUARD CHARLES ÉDOUARD (1817 1894) Physiologiste et neurologue, pionnier de l’endocrinologie et de la neurophysiologie, Brown Séquard fut parmi les premiers à étudier la physiologie de la moelle épinière. Il décrivit notamment un syndrome… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Syndrome de Brown-Séquard — Diagramme explicatif du syndrome de Brown Séquard: * = Côté de la lesion 1 = Paralysie flasque 2 = Paralysie spastique et perte de la sensibilité aux vibrations, de la proprioception (sens des positions) et du tact fin 3 = perte de la sensibilité …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”