Asma bint Marwan

Asma bint Marwan

Asmā bint Marwān (Arabic: عصماء بنت مروان, namely "'Asmā the daughter of Marwān") was a female poet who lived in Hijaz in medieval Arabia. According to some narratives from works such as Ibn Ishaq's "Sirah Rasul Allah" or Ibn Sa'd's Kitab al-Taqabat, Asma wrote poems attacking the Islamic prophet Muhammad supporting murdering him. Upon hearing the poems, Muhammad allegedly ordered her execution. Classical Muslim scholars such as Ibn `Adiyy considered the story to be a fabrication. [http://www.answering-christianity.com/karim/forgeries_about_killing.htm True Stories or Forgeries? The Killing of Abu 'Afak and Asma' bint Marwan? ] ]

The death of Asma bint Marwan

An excerpt from Alfred Guillaume's translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sira follows:

:"She was of Banu Umayya bin Zayd. When Abu Afak had been killed she displayed disaffection. Abdullah bin al-Harith bin Al-Fudayl from his father said that she was married to a man of Banu Khatma called Yazid bin Zayd. Blaming Islam and its followers she said:

::"I despise Banu Malik and al-Nabit::and Auf and Banu al-Khazraj.::You obey a stranger who is none of yours,::One not of Murad or Madhhij. {1}::Do you expect good from him after the killing of your chiefs::Like a hungry man waiting for a cook's broth?::Is there no man of pride who would attack him by surprise::And cut off the hopes of those who expect aught from him?" :Hassan bin Thabit answered her:

::"Banu Wa'il and Banu Waqif and Banu Khatma::Are inferior to Banu al-Khazraj.::When she called for folly woe to her in her weeping,::For death is coming.::She stirred up a man of glorious origin,::Noble in his going out and in his coming in.::Before midnight he dyed her in her blood::And incurred no guilt thereby." :When the apostle heard what she had said he said, "Who will rid me of Marwan's daughter?" Umayr bin Adiy al-Khatmi who was with him heard him, and that very night he went to her house and killed her. In the morning he came to the apostle and told him what he had done.:Now there was a great commotion among Banu Khatma that day about the affair of bint [daughter of] Marwan. She had five sons, and when Umayr went to them from the apostle he said, "I have killed bint Marwan, o sons of Khatma. Withstand me if you can; don't keep me waiting." That was the first day Islam became powerful among Banu Khatma; before that those who were Muslims concealed the fact. The first of them to accept Islam was Umayr bin Adiy who was called the "Reader", and Abdullah bin Aus and Khuzayma bin Thabit. The day after Bint Marwan was killed the men of Banu Khatma became Muslims because they saw the power of Islam." :{1} The note reads "Two tribes of Yamani origin." [Ibn Ishaq: "Sirat Rasul Allah" (A. Guillaume's translation "The Life of Muhammad") page 675, 676 ]

Allegations of forgery

Ibn 'Adiyy mentions this incident in his book "Al-Kamel" on the authority of Ja'far Ibn Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Ibn As-Sabah on authority of Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim Ash-Shami on authority of Muhammad Ibn Al-Hajjaj Al-Lakhmi on authority of Mujalid on authority of Ash-Shu'abi on authority of Ibn 'Abbas, and added that

:"...this isnad (chain of reporters) is not narrated on authority of Mujalid but by Muhammad Ibn Al-Hajjaj and they all (other reporters in the chain) accuse Muhammad Ibn Al-Hajjaj of forging it." [Ibn 'Adiyy, Al-Kamel, Volume 6, page 145] Dubious|date=March 2008

It is also reported by Ibn al-Gawzi in Al-'Ilal and is listed among other flawed reports.

ee also

* Abu 'Afak
* Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf

References


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