Cynthia Lennon

Cynthia Lennon
Cynthia Lennon
John on left, Cynthia on right, sitting side by side on the roof of a car.
John Lennon and Cynthia Powell in 1959
Born Cynthia Lillian Powell
10 September 1939 (1939-09-10) (age 72)
Blackpool, Lancashire, England
Residence Majorca, Spain
Nationality English
Height 5' 3" (160 cm)
Spouse John Lennon (1962–68) (divorced)
Roberto Bassanini (1970–73) (divorced)
John Twist (1976–83) (divorced)
Noel Charles (since 2002)
Children Julian Lennon
Parents Charles Powell (father)
Lillian Powell (mother)

Cynthia Lillian Lennon (née Powell, born 10 September 1939) is the former wife of musician John Lennon, and mother of Julian Lennon. She grew up in the middle-class section of Hoylake, on the Wirral Peninsula in North West England. At the age of twelve, she was accepted into the Junior Art School, and was later enrolled in the Liverpool College of Art. Lennon also attended the college; a meeting with Powell in a calligraphy class led to their relationship.

When Lennon was performing in Hamburg with The Beatles, she rented Lennon's bedroom from his aunt and legal guardian, Mimi Smith. After she became pregnant, the Lennons were married on 23 August 1962, at the Mount Pleasant Register office in Liverpool. Their marriage was kept secret during the beginning period of Beatlemania and she was the object of female fans' ire once it became known. Starting in 1964, the Lennon family lived at Kenwood in Weybridge, where she kept house and participated with her husband in a London-based social life. In 1968, Lennon left her for Yoko Ono; the couple's divorce was legally granted on 8 November 1968.

She married an Italian hotelier, Roberto Bassanini, in 1970, divorcing him in 1973. In 1976, she married John Twist, an engineer from Lancashire, but divorced him in 1983. After her divorce from Twist, she changed her name back to Lennon by deed poll and met Jim Christie, her partner for 17 years. She published a book of memoirs, A Twist of Lennon, in 1978, and later married Noel Charles, a night club owner, in 2002. In September 2005, she published a more intimate biography, John. Over the years she staged several auctions of memorabilia associated with her life with Lennon. In 2006, she and her son attended the Las Vegas premiere of the Cirque du Soleil production of Love, which was her first public appearance with Ono. She currently lives in Majorca, Spain.

Contents

Early years

Powell with her brother Charles and her father, in 1945.

Cynthia Lillian Powell was the youngest of three children born to Charles Powell and his wife Lillian (née Roby) who already had two sons named Charles and Anthony.[1] Charles Powell worked for the GEC company.[2] In 1939, Lillian Powell was sent to Blackpool after World War II had been declared, and lived in a small room in a bed-and-breakfast on the Blackpool seafront.[2] After the birth, the Powell family moved to a two-bedroomed semi-detached house in Hoylake,[2] a middle-class area across the water on the Wirral Peninsula that was considered posh by those in Liverpool.[3]

At the age of 11, Cynthia won an art prize in a competition organised by the Liverpool Echo.[4] One year later she was accepted into Liverpool's Junior Art School,[5] which was also attended by Bill Harry, later editor of Liverpool's Mersey Beat newspaper, and Lennon's friend.[6]

Art college

When Powell was 17, her father died after a long battle with lung cancer.[7] Before he died, he told his daughter that she would have to get a job to support her mother, and would not be able to go to art school. As her mother wanted her daughter to receive a better education, she rented out a room to four apprentice electricians.[2] In September 1957, Powell gained a place at the Liverpool College of Art.[8] She was told she had to wear glasses at the college, but disliked wearing them, which resulted in misreading notices in college.[9] Although studying graphics, she also took calligraphy classes, as did Lennon.[10] He never had any drawing tools with him, so he constantly borrowed pens and pencils from Powell, who found out that he was only in the class because other teachers had refused to instruct him.[11] She had an air of respectability and moved in different social circles to her future boyfriend; Lennon and an art school friend, Geoff Mohammed, used to make fun of her by stopping the conversation when she walked in the room, saying: "Quiet please! No dirty jokes, it's Cynthia".[3]

Powell once overheard Lennon give a compliment to a girl with blonde hair in the college, who looked similar to Brigitte Bardot. The next Saturday, Powell turned up at the college with her hair several shades blonder.[10] Lennon noticed straight away, exclaiming, "Get you, Miss Hoylake!", which was Lennon's nickname for her[8] along with "Miss Powell" or "Miss Prim".[12] Dressed like a Teddy Boy, he sometimes brought a guitar with him into class, and once sang "Ain't She Sweet" directly to Powell.[13]

Relationship with Lennon

After a college party to celebrate the end of term, Lennon asked Powell if she would like to "go out" with him.[14] She quickly replied that she was engaged to a young man in Hoylake,[15] so Lennon stormed off, shouting, "I didn't ask you to fuckin' marry me, did I?"[16] He later approached her and asked if she would go to the Ye Cracke pub. She was confused when Lennon ignored her all evening, but as she was ready to leave, he grabbed her hand and asked her to stay. They later went to a room that Lennon's fellow student, Stuart Sutcliffe, was renting, where they had sex for the first time.[15]

They began dating, with Lennon now referring to her as simply "Cyn".[17] In the autumn of 1958, she ended her engagement to be with him,[15] and he ended his relationship with another art student, Thelma Pickles.[18] During the beginning of their relationship, they often had intercourse in alleyways or shop doorways, if Sutcliffe's room was not available.[19] Powell had to be careful of Lennon's angry reactions at the time,[15] because of his "jealous anxieties that made him turn pale, clench his fists and make exasperating scenes" if she greeted another art student.[20] His jealousy could also manifest itself in violent behaviour towards her,[21] as when he slapped her across the face (causing her head to hit against the wall),[22] after watching her dance with Sutcliffe.[23] After the incident, she broke up with Lennon for three months, but resumed their relationship after his profuse apology.[24] Another time a cleaning woman at the college caught Lennon hitting her and suggested that she stay away from him.[25] Her work at art school began to suffer and teachers told her that the relationship with Lennon was doing her no good.[25] Lennon continued to be casually inconsiderate towards her; he later said, "I was in sort of a blind rage for two years. I was either drunk or fighting. It had been the same with other girl friends I'd had. There was something the matter with me."[25] Tony Bramwell—a friend of Lennon's since his youth—said: "Cynthia was beautiful, physically, and on the inside. Although she knew he [Lennon] was apt to find love on the road, she was totally dedicated to his success ... and extremely influential. He was insecure and Cynthia was there to pump him up, to buttress, sort of, his weak side."[26]

The Beatles' first Hamburg residency took place in 1960, with Lennon writing frequent and passionate letters back home to Powell.[27] But after returning home from there, Lennon's aunt and legal guardian, Mimi Smith, threw a hand-mirror at him for spending money on a suede coat for her. Smith later referred to Powell as "a gangster's moll", and was often unpleasant towards her.[28] The Beatles went to Hamburg for the second time in 1961, and both Powell and Dot Rhone (McCartney's girlfriend at the time), visited them two weeks later,[29] during the Easter holidays.[30] They had to stay up all night because of the long sets, with both taking Preludin, which the group were also taking to stay awake.[31] Lennon and Powell stayed with Sutcliffe's girlfriend, Astrid Kirchherr.[29] After the trip to Hamburg, Powell's mother said that Powell's cousin and husband were emigrating to Canada with their new-born baby,[32] and that she would be going with them while they studied to become teachers.[33] Powell waited until Lennon came back from Hamburg before she asked Smith—who had taken in lodgers before at 251 Menlove Avenue—if she would rent a room to her. Smith rented out the box-room above the front door (which used to be Lennon's bedroom) but insisted that she do chores around the house.[33] To pay the rent, she took a job at a Woolworths store in Liverpool after her student grant had run out.[34] In the same year, when Lennon was 21 years old, he received £100 from his aunt Mater who lived in Edinburgh, and went to Paris with McCartney. Powell could not accompany them as she was studying for her final exams.[35]

When Lennon went to Hamburg again in April 1962, she found a bedsit in a terraced house at 93 Garmoyle Road, Liverpool.[36] Shortly after having failed her art teacher's diploma exam,[37] in August 1962,[38] she found out that she was pregnant with Lennon's child.[34] She later explained that she and Lennon had never used contraception, had never talked about it, and didn't think about it at the time.[39] When she told Lennon he said, "There's only one thing for it Cyn, we'll have to get married".[39]

Marriage and Julian

The Lennons were married on 23 August 1962,[40] at the Mount Pleasant Register office in Liverpool.[41] Fellow Beatles, McCartney and George Harrison, were in attendance, as was their manager Brian Epstein, who was best man; no parents were there.[41][42][43] The wedding was farcical, because as soon as the ceremony began a workman in the backyard of the building opposite started using a pneumatic drill which drowned out anything the registrar, Lennon, or Powell said. When the registrar asked for the groom to step forward, Harrison stepped forward instead.[44] With no photographs or flowers the wedding party celebrated afterwards, at Epstein's invitation, in Reece's restaurant in Clayton Square, which was the same restaurant where Lennon's parents, Alfred Lennon and Julia Lennon, had celebrated their marriage 24 years earlier, in 1938.[44] Lennon was 21-years-old, and Cynthia, 22.[32] The newlyweds had no honeymoon, as Lennon had to play an engagement at the Riverpark Ballroom in Chester the same night,[44] although they did travel to the Hotel George V in Paris,[45] for a belated honeymoon on 16 September,[46] but were accompanied by Epstein,[47] even though he had not been invited to join them.[48]

During her pregnancy, Epstein offered the couple the use of his flat at 36 Faulkner Street, and later paid for a private hospital room when the pregnancy was coming to term.[49] Although still completely unknown outside of Liverpool, by now the Beatles had a fanatical following among girls within the city.[43] Epstein had one condition which the Lennons had to follow: the marriage and the baby were to be kept a close secret, so as not to upset any of these fans.[50][43] One time when news of the wedding leaked out, the group denied it.[43] Cynthia was happy to keep a low profile, not wanting to be the subject of public attention the way her husband was.[43]

The Lennons' son, John Charles Julian Lennon,[51] was born at 7.45 am on 8 April 1963, in Sefton Hospital.[52] Lennon, being on tour at the time, did not see his son until three days later,[51] and when he finally arrived at the hospital, said: "He's bloody marvellous, Cyn! ... Who's gonna be a famous rocker like his Dad then?"[53] He then explained that he would be going on on a four-day holiday to Barcelona, with Epstein.[54] Lennon would later refer to Julian as being a "Saturday night special; the way that most people get here", or that his son "came out of a whisky bottle".[55]

Beatlemania

Around the time of Julian's birth, The Beatles' career really took off as a pop sensation in Britain, with their second number one single "From Me to You", with their first album Please Please Me climbing to the top of the charts, with their becoming the headlining act in concerts for the first time, and with Beatles fan magazines starting up.[56] That one of the members was married and gaining a family was not publicly known; a 1963 "Lifelines of the Beatles" page in New Musical Express detailed over 25 biographical facts about, and likes and dislikes of, each of the four, but never gave any hint Lennon was married and indeed listed "girls" as one of his hobbies.[57]

The press heard rumours about Lennon's wife and child at the end of 1963—after full-scale Beatlemania had already swept the UK and Europe—and descended on her mother's house in Hoylake (where mother and son were staying) in November and December.[58] Friends and neighbours protected their anonymity, but she was often approached by journalists.[59] In November she had Julian christened at the Hoylake parish church, but didn't tell Lennon (who was on tour at the time) because she feared a media circus. She told him two days after, but he was angry as he hadn't wanted his son to be christened,[60] even though Epstein had asked to be Julian's godfather. Not long after the christening, every newspaper was full of the story about Lennon's secret wife and baby boy.[61] Epstein told the other Beatles to make the best of the situation, and hoped that newspapers would not mention that Cynthia was pregnant before marrying him.[62] After living at Lennon's aunt's house for some months, the couple moved to London and found a three-bedroomed flat in Emperor's Gate, off Cromwell Road.[63] The top floor flat was the third of three, which were each built over two floors. This meant climbing six flights of stairs, as the building had no lift. Cynthia firstly had to carry Julian up to the flat, and then go back down to collect shopping bags.[64] The Beatles' fans soon found out where they were living, and she would find them camping out in the hallway, and would have to push through them when leaving or arriving.[65]

She accompanied Lennon to America on the first Beatles' tour there, with Lennon agreeing to press photos of them together,[66] which infuriated Epstein, as he had worked to keep their marriage a secret.[67] She was left behind in New York when Lennon and the other Beatles were quickly ushered into a car, and in Miami she had to ask the help of fans to convince a security guard who she was. Lennon's response was, "Don't be so bloody slow next time—they could have killed you".[68] It would be the only time Cynthia would go on tour with them.[69] At the Emperor's Gate address the situation grew worse,[21] with fans sticking chewing gum in the lock of the flat and tearing at any article of clothing when she or Lennon were leaving or arriving.[70] American girls would write her letters proclaiming their desperate love for John; the women in the lives of the other Beatles would get equivalent missives.[71] As late as 1967, Beatles' wives were still dealing with occasional physical danger from female Beatles fans, with Cynthia being kicked in the legs by one who demanded that she leave John alone.[72]

As Lennon was either touring or recording, supposed family holidays were skiing in St. Moritz with producer George Martin and his girlfriend, or staying at a castle in Ireland with George Harrison and Pattie Boyd (Harrison's wife).[73] Even these were subject to being discovered by fans, with Cynthia and Pattie having to escape the Irish location by being dressed as maids.[71] As a result of the long recording sessions and tours, Lennon would usually sleep for days afterwards.[74] When Lennon started filming How I Won the War in Almeria, Spain, he promised his wife and son that they could join him there after two weeks of filming. The small apartment they were allocated was swiftly replaced by a villa when Starr and his wife joined them.[75]

Kenwood

Main article: Kenwood, St. George's Hill
South view of Kenwood.

Domestic life

The Beatles' accountant advised Epstein that the group members should move to houses near his in Esher, so Lennon bought a house called Kenwood; a mock-Tudor-style house on three acres in Weybridge, where Tom Jones and Cliff Richard already lived.[76] Lennon then spent twice the original £20,000 purchase price on renovations for Kenwood,[77] reducing its 22 rooms to 17.[78] The new kitchen was so modern and complicated that someone had to be sent to explain how everything worked,[79] and during the extensive renovations the couple had to live in the attic bedroom for nine months.[80] Although Cynthia enjoyed entertaining in the larger rooms, Lennon could usually be found in a small sunroom at the back of the house overlooking the swimming pool, which was similar to his aunt's conservatory in Liverpool.[81] They had a cat called "Mimi", named after Lennon's aunt.[82] Cynthia took care of Julian herself, without a nanny, although babysitters were frequently employed. She also did the cooking herself, but employed a housekeeper, gardener, and chauffeur, who lived off the premises.[83]

When she passed her driving test, Lennon serially bought her a white Mini, a gold Porsche, a red Ferrari, and a green Volkswagen Beetle, usually as surprises without consulting her first.[84] Cynthia enjoyed the closeness of Maureen Starkey (Ringo Starr's wife) and Boyd, as both lived nearby, often going on holiday together or shopping.[85] She was often photographed at Beatles' movie premieres and special occasions, and sometimes with Lennon and Julian at home, which meant she had the role of a Beatle wife, as well as being a mother. The Lennons would often go to a nightclub in central London until nearly dawn, but in the morning she would take her son to school.[86] Kenwood became the place to visit for the other Beatles, various American musicians, and total strangers that Lennon had met the previous night in London nightclubs.[87]

In 1965, she opened the front door of Kenwood to see a man who "looked like a tramp", but with her husband's features.[88] He explained that he was Alfred Lennon, the father whom Lennon had supposedly not seen for years.[89] Lennon was annoyed when he came home, telling her for the first time that his father had visited the NEMS office a few weeks before.[89] Three years after the meeting in the NEMS office, Alfred Lennon (who was then 56 years old) turned up at Kenwood again with his fiancée, 19-year-old student Pauline Jones.[90] He asked if the Lennons could give Pauline a job, so she was hired to help with Julian and the piles of Beatles' fan mail. Lennon's father and his fiancée then spent a few months living in the attic bedroom.[90] During an interview at Kenwood with Evening Standard reporter Maureen Cleave, Lennon said, "Here I am in my Hansel and Gretel house, famous and loaded, and I can't go anywhere. There's something else I'm going to do, only I don't know what it is, but I do know this isn't it for me".[91]

Drugs

Cynthia knew that her husband took drugs like cannabis and Preludin, but thought of them as not being very dangerous.[80] On 27 March 1965,[92] at a dinner party given by a dentist, John Riley,[93] the Lennons, Harrison and Boyd were given LSD without their knowledge.[94][95] Against the repeated advice of Riley and his wife not to leave the house, Harrison drove them to various nightclubs, with Riley following them by taxi.[92] Lennon was crying and banging his head against the windows, and Boyd wanted to get out of the car and smash shop windows in Regent Street.[96] At the Ad Lib club, they thought the lift up to the club was on fire and started screaming,[97] before finally crawling out of the lift for which Mick Jagger, Marianne Faithfull, and Starr were waiting. Harrison later drove them back home in Boyd's Mini Cooper at no more than 10 mph, as he was also feeling the effects of the drug. They stayed up all night at Kenwood, experiencing the full effects of their first LSD trip.[98]

Lennon then started taking LSD on a regular basis, as well as his daily use of cannabis.[99] After much encouragement from him, Cynthia agreed to try LSD one more time, but the adverse effects were the same. Although she said at the time she would never take the drug again, she relented and took it for the last time a few weeks later, on the way to a party at Epstein's country house in Warbleton, East Sussex.[100] Although she hated the psychological effects of the drug, she could see the change taking place in her husband: "It was like living with someone who had just discovered religion ... Tensions, bigotry, and bad temper were replaced by understanding and love".[101] In 1970, Lennon confessed that he had probably taken LSD one thousand times since 1965, saying: "I used to just eat it all the time".[102] In the decades ahead, Cynthia would always maintain that Lennon's drug use was the beginning of the end for the couple.[103][100]

On 22 July 1967, Harrison, Boyd, Starr, and assistant Neil Aspinall, flew to Athens, where they stayed overnight until Lennon, his wife and son, McCartney and Jane Asher (McCartney's girlfriend), Boyd's 16-year-old sister, Paula, roadie Mal Evans, and publicist Alistair Taylor set off for Athens.[104] Looking for an island they could buy to live on together, they chartered a yacht, the MV Arvi.[105] McCartney later said that whilst sailing around Greek islands, everybody just "sat around and took LSD".[106] Lennon and the other Beatles publicly renounced drugs—although never completely—after their initial meetings with the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi in London, and Bangor, Wales.[107]

By 1967, Lennon's aggressive edges from his childhood had disappeared, and he spent considerable amounts of time living inside his head, sitting in his sunroom or garden and daydreaming for hours at end.[108] He became somewhat uncommunicative towards most people, including Cynthia, except for the other Beatles, all of whom had an almost unspoken ability to understand one another.[108] Cynthia once complained, saying: "What I'd like is a holiday of our own ... John, Julian and me". Lennon replied with, "OK, I know, we'll all retire to a little cottage on a cliff in Cornwall, all right?" He then added, "No, I've got these bloody songs to write. I have to work, to justify living."[109] She understood his temperament, but felt somewhat frustrated at never having developed a career or using her art college background for anything.[109]

India and Ono

Main article: The Beatles at Rishikesh

The Beatles were scheduled to fly to India to visit the Maharishi for two or three months of Transcendental Meditation. Before they left, Cynthia found letters from Yoko Ono to Lennon that made it clear that he had had contact with her over a period of some time.[110] Lennon denied that he was involved with Ono, explaining that she was just some "crazy artist" who wanted to be sponsored, although Ono kept up a stream of telephone calls and visits to Kenwood.[111] On 15 February 1968,[112] the Lennons flew to India, followed by the other Beatles and their partners four days later:[113] Boyd, Asher, and Maureen Starkey (Starr's wife).[114] The division between the sexes was emphasized by the male musicians sitting outside at night composing songs, while their partners would gather together in one of their rooms, often talking about life as the wife or partner of a Beatle.[115] The Lennons shared a four-poster bed at the ashram, with Lennon playing guitar and Cynthia drawing and writing poetry between their long sessions of meditation.[115]

"Magic Alex" (Greek-born Alex Mardas, who controlled Apple Electronics) arrived later, smuggling in alcohol from the nearest village as it was not allowed in the ashram. After two weeks Lennon asked to sleep in a separate room, saying he could only meditate when he was alone,[116] but walked down to the local post office every morning to see if he had received a telegram from Ono, who sent one almost daily. Cynthia found out about these secretive trips much later, saying: "I had thought our magical interlude with the Maharishi would be the making of our marriage – but in reality it just presaged the end".[117] Paul Saltzman later published a book of photographs, The Beatles in Rishikesh,[118] showing Lennon deep in thought, and Cynthia's confused expression.[119] Despite the alienation from Lennon, she later spoke about her time there, saying: "I loved being away from the fans, hordes of people, deadlines, demands and flashing cameras".[117]

Divorce

Lennon and her son at Kenwood in 1968, after her husband had left.

During the flight back to England,[115] Lennon got very drunk on scotch and coke and confessed that he had been involved with other women during their marriage.[120] He went on to detail his liaisons with groupies, friends (such as Joan Baez, and journalist Cleave), and "thousands" of women around the globe.[121] Although not wanting to hear Lennon's confession, she knew women were attracted to him, "like moths to a flame".[122] Two weeks later, in May 1968, Lennon suggested that Cynthia take a holiday in Greece with Mardas, Donovan, and two friends, as he would be very busy recording The White Album.[123] She arrived back at Kenwood from Greece earlier than expected, at four o'clock on 22 May 1968,[124] to discover Lennon and Ono sitting cross-legged on the floor in matching white robes, staring into each others eyes,[125] and then found Ono's slippers outside the Lennons' bedroom door.[126] Shocked, she asked Jenny Boyd and Mardas if she could spend the night at their apartment.[127] At the apartment Boyd went straight to bed, but she and Mardas drank more alcohol, with Mardas trying to convince her that they should run away together. After she had vomited in the bathroom, she collapsed on a bed in the spare bedroom, with Mardas joining her and trying to kiss her until she pushed him away.[128]

Lennon seemed absolutely normal when she returned home the next day, and steadfastly maintained his love for her and their son,[129] saying: "It's you I love Cyn ... I love you now more than ever before".[127] Lennon went to New York with McCartney shortly after,[130] but as she was specifically not invited, a trip to Pesaro, in Italy, was arranged with her mother.[127] After an evening with Italian hotelier, Roberto Bassanini, Mardas was waiting at the hotel to break the news that Lennon was planning to sue for divorce on grounds of adultery, seek sole custody of Julian, and "send her back to Hoylake".[131] She said in 2005: "The mere fact that ‘Magic Alex’ [Mardas] arrived in Italy in the middle of the night without any prior knowledge of where I was staying made me extremely suspicious. I was being coerced into making it easy" ... [for Lennon and Ono] "to accuse me of doing something that would make them not look so bad."[132] As Lennon had initiated divorce proceedings, it prompted her to exclaim: "Suing me for divorce? On what grounds is he suing me?[133] When the news broke that Ono was pregnant, Cynthia started her own divorce proceedings against Lennon on 22 August 1968.[134] The financial settlement was hampered by Lennon refusing to offer any more than £75,000,[135] telling her on the phone, "That's like winning the pools, so what are you moaning about? You're not worth any more."[136] The settlement was then raised to £100,000, £2,400 annually, and custody of Julian.[137] Another £100,000 was put into a trust fund which Julian would inherit when he was 21. Until that time, his mother would receive the interest payments. Their decree nisi was granted on 8 November 1968.[138] The trust fund had one one codicil, in that it also provided for any further children by Lennon, so when Sean Lennon was born, Julian's inheritance was cut to £50,000.[139]

She lived for a few months in a flat Starr owned at 34 Montagu Square, central London,[140] but returned to Kenwood as Lennon and Ono preferred to live there instead, rather than in isolated Weybridge.[141] Lennon and his wife had one last short meeting at Kenwood (with Ono alongside Lennon) with Lennon accusing her of having an affair in India, saying that she was no "innocent little flower".[142] McCartney visited her and Julian that year,[143] and on the way to Kenwood he composed a song in his head that would later become "Hey Jude".[143] Talking about their divorce,[144] McCartney later said: "We'd been very good friends for millions of years and I thought it was a bit much for them suddenly to be personae non gratae and out of my life".[145] Cynthia recalled, "I was truly surprised when, one afternoon, Paul arrived on his own. I was touched by his obvious concern for our welfare ... On the journey down he composed 'Hey Jude' in the car. I will never forget Paul's gesture of care and concern in coming to see us."[146] She was once asked if Lennon had written any songs about their time together, and answered: "It was too sloppy when you were young to dedicate anything to anybody. Macho Northern men didn't do that in those days".[4] In contrast, Lennon did write the 1965 song "Norwegian Wood" about an affair he was having, but rendered it in "gobbledegook" so that Cynthia would not know.[147]

Later life to present

On 31 July 1970, Cynthia married Bassanini, whom she had started dating after parting with Lennon;[148] the couple divorced in 1973. She then opened a restaurant in Ruthin, Wales, called Oliver's Bistro, which also had a B&B above the premises. She enrolled her son into the Ruthin School, and he later joined the local Combined Cadet Force.[149] During Lennon's separation from Ono in 1973/74, his partner at the time, May Pang, actively tried to get Lennon to spend more time with his son, forming a friendship with Lennon's ex-wife in the process, which continued even after Lennon and Ono were reconciled.[150] A meeting during this period would be the last time Cynthia ever saw her former husband.[103] Previously, Julian had been allowed to visit his father twice a year by himself, but Lennon complained that during his time with Pang his ex-wife also wanted to be present, saying: "She [Cynthia] thought she could walk back in 'cos I wasn't with Yoko!" After his reconciliation with Ono, he complained again that his son was not being allowed to visit him.[151]

On 1 May 1976, she married John Twist, an engineer from Lancashire. She published a memoir during their time together, A Twist of Lennon, in 1978, telling about her life before and with Lennon, and containing her own illustrations and poetry.[152] Lennon tried to stop the publication of the book, after an excerpt was published in a newspaper.[153]

On 9 December 1980 (UK time), whilst staying at Starr's ex-wife's home, she received a phone call from Starr,[154] two hours after Lennon had been shot in New York.[155] "The memory of Ringo's words, the sound of his tearful voice crackling over the transatlantic line, is crystal clear: 'Cynthia, I'm so sorry, John's dead'. I had only one clear thought. My son, our son, [Julian] was at home in bed, I had to get back to Ruthin so that I could tell him about his father's death".[156]

Cynthia's memoir gained renewed interest, and went to a third printing of 200,000 copies in the weeks after Lennon's death.[157] She and Twist separated in 1981,[158] and were divorced in 1983. She sold the Bistro,[159] and changed her name back to Lennon by deed poll, later commenting about why it was financially necessary: "Do you imagine I would have been awarded a three-year contract to design bedding and textiles [for Vantona Vyella in 1983] with the name Powell? Neither did they. When it is necessary to earn a living, it is necessary to bite the bullet and take the flack".[4]

She began a relationship with Liverpudlian chauffeur Jim Christie in 1981, who became her partner for 17 years as well as her business manager,[160][161] living in Penrith, Cumbria. She said at the time: "Jim has never felt he's living in John Lennon's shadow. He's four years younger than me and wasn't really part of that whole Beatles' scene."[162] They later lived on the Isle of Man and then Normandy for some years, but separated in 1998.[161][103]

She had kept mementos of Lennon for years, but began auctioning off them after his death,[163] including a personally drawn Christmas card from Lennon to her that fetched £8,800 at Christie's in August 1981.[164] With her finances in an unsteady state – she would say in 1999 that "Apart from John, the men I have fallen in love with have never been good at earning a living"[161] – more of her memorabilia of Lennon went up for auction in 1991, including antiques from Kenwood.[160] She said at the time, "I've enjoyed these things for 30 years. But it's time for a change."[160] Another set of items, including some of Lennon's drug paraphernalia, brought over $60,000 for her in 1995.[165] She later stated, "I think in life we collect so much baggage, when you have a clearout, you send it to a car-boot sale, etc. My baggage was in demand and sold at Christie's. When you have to pay the bills, you're not proud and you can't take it with you".[4]

Over the years she entered some failed business ventures, including in 1988 a perfume named Woman[166][167] (after the 1980 John Lennon song) and, in April 1989, a restaurant named Lennon's—at 13/14 Upper St. Martin's Lane, Covent Garden—which had menu items such as Rubber Sole (a play on the already-punning 1965 Beatles album),[160][161] as well as Sgt. Pepper's Steak and Penny Lane Pâté.[168] It had a short life as a business venture, as it was considered to be far too expensive.[169] She would later blame some of these efforts on the men in her life encouraging her.[161]

The Beatles' Hamburg days were the subject of the 1994 film Backbeat, with Jennifer Ehle portraying Cynthia Powell.[170] The film characterizes Lennon and Cynthia's relationship as one that will eventually be doomed by their wanting different things from life, but with Lennon not wanting to hurt her.[171] Cynthia later complained that the film made her out "as a clingy, dim, little girlfriend in a headscarf".[172] Cynthia was subsequently portrayed in the troubled, Ono-centric 2005 American musical Lennon, with her character – played by Julia Murney – gaining a little more prominence during one of the show's rewrites.[173][174] Her life had a more central role in the 2010 BBC Four film Lennon Naked, with Claudie Blakley playing the part.[175] However, her character was absent from the 2009 British film Nowhere Boy, which purported to cover the story of Lennon from 1955 to 1960 but focused on his relationships with his aunt and mother.[176]

In 1995, Cynthia made her recording debut with a rendition of "Those Were the Days", which as produced by McCartney had been a number one hit for Mary Hopkin in 1968.[4] It failed to chart. Whilst living in Normandy, an exhibition of her drawings and paintings were displayed at Portobello Road's KDK Gallery in 1999.[161] By the 1990s she was appearing at some Beatles conventions, but appeared ambivalent about the practice.[160][4] At times she maintained she was moving on with her life and putting her Beatles past behind her and at other times seemed to embrace continued interest in that past as inevitable.[160][4][161][103] The Daily Telegraph said in a 1999 profile, "In essence, she is a suburban woman who – almost in spite of herself – got caught up with one of the most extraordinary men of modern times. More than 30 years since her marriage to John Lennon ended, she is as entangled as ever."[161]

Cynthia and Julian Lennon at the unveiling ceremony of the John Lennon Peace Monument in Liverpool, 9 October 2010

In 2002, she married Noel Charles, a night club owner. In September 2005, she published a new biography, John, that re-examined her life with Lennon and the years afterwards, including the events following his death. Michel Faber, writing in The Guardian, said of the book: "John is Cynthia's attempt to prove how much more she was worth. In theory, the disclosures of Lennon's loyal partner from 1958 to 1968 cannot fail to be valuable. On the page, the potential withers".[135] In 2006, she and her son attended the Las Vegas premiere of the Cirque du Soleil production of Love, which marked a rare public appearance with Ono.[177] In 2009, she and her son opened an exhibition of memorabilia at The Beatles Story exhibition in Liverpool,[178] and she and Pattie Boyd staged a first-ever joint appearance at the opening of the Cafesjian Center for the Arts in Yerevan, Armenia.[179] On 30 September 2010, Julian opened his "Timeless" exhibition of photographs at the Morrison Hotel Gallery in New York. In attendance were Cynthia, Julian, Ono, Sean, and Pang, which was the first time that all five had been in the same room together.[180]

The John Lennon Peace Monument was unveiled by Cynthia and Julian at a ceremony in Chavasse Park, Liverpool, on 9 October 2010 to celebrate what would have been Lennon’s 70th birthday.[181] She currently lives with her husband on the island of Majorca in Spain.[178]

Notes

  1. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 14.
  2. ^ a b c d Lennon 2005, pp. 16–17.
  3. ^ a b Davies 1968, p. 57.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g "You ask the questions". The Independent. 7 July 1999. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/you-ask-the-questions-such-as-cynthia-lennon-if-you-could-ask-yoko-ono-one-question-about-john-lennon-what-would-it-be-1104764.html. Retrieved 5 April 2011. 
  5. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 15.
  6. ^ Harry 2000, p. 266.
  7. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 28.
  8. ^ a b Edmondson 2010, p. 27.
  9. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 21.
  10. ^ a b Spitz 2005, pp. 154–155.
  11. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 22.
  12. ^ Anderson 2010, p. 31.
  13. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 24–25.
  14. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 27.
  15. ^ a b c d Mulligan 2010, p. 23.
  16. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 156.
  17. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 155.
  18. ^ Cross 2004, p. 9.
  19. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 35.
  20. ^ Clayson 2000, p. 31.
  21. ^ a b "Living with Lennon". BBC. 21 May 2008. http://www.bbc.co.uk/liverpool/content/articles/2005/09/29/music_lennon_cynthia_feature.shtml. Retrieved 27 March 2011. 
  22. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. xvii.
  23. ^ "Lennon's friends recall ex-Beatle". BBC News. 25 November 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4469292.stm. Retrieved 27 March 2011. 
  24. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 48–49.
  25. ^ a b c Davies 1968, pp. 58–59.
  26. ^ Kane 2007, p. 55.
  27. ^ Davies 1968, p. 100.
  28. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 80.
  29. ^ a b Cross 2004, p. 33.
  30. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 46.
  31. ^ Miles 1997, p. 59.
  32. ^ a b Mulligan 2010, p. 57.
  33. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 132.
  34. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 313.
  35. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 99.
  36. ^ Salewicz 1987, p. 130.
  37. ^ Coleman 1984, p. 173.
  38. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 47.
  39. ^ a b Lennon 2005, pp. 122–124.
  40. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. xviii.
  41. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 348.
  42. ^ Brown 2002, p. 83.
  43. ^ a b c d e Davies 1968, pp. 173–174.
  44. ^ a b c Spitz 2005, p. 349.
  45. ^ Dewitt 1985, p. 246.
  46. ^ Cross 2004, p. 67.
  47. ^ Loker 2009, p. 114.
  48. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 94.
  49. ^ Brown 2002, p. 93.
  50. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. 58.
  51. ^ a b Edmondson 2010, p. 51.
  52. ^ "Cynthia Powell Lennon". Lennon by Lennon Ltd. 2004. http://www.lennon.net/lennons/cynthia_powell.shtml. Retrieved 2011-02-27. 
  53. ^ Wiener 1991, p. 51.
  54. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 38.
  55. ^ Ryan 1982, p. 153.
  56. ^ Carr & Tyler 1975, pp. 16–20.
  57. ^ Carr & Tyler 1975, p. 25.
  58. ^ Davies 1968, p. 226.
  59. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 412.
  60. ^ Loker 2009, p. 123.
  61. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 271.
  62. ^ Womack & Davis 2006, p. 109.
  63. ^ Miles 1997, p. 103.
  64. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 172-173.
  65. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 436.
  66. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 460-462.
  67. ^ Barrow 2006, p. 80.
  68. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 180.
  69. ^ Davies 1968, p. 219.
  70. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 514.
  71. ^ a b Davies 1968, pp. 214,228–229.
  72. ^ Davies 1968, p. 358.
  73. ^ Loker 2009.
  74. ^ Anderson 2010, p. 62.
  75. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 254-255.
  76. ^ Miles 1998, pp. 166-167.
  77. ^ Tremlett 1975, p. 53.
  78. ^ Miles 1997, p. 168.
  79. ^ Miles 1997, p. 169.
  80. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 548.
  81. ^ Miles 1997, p. 143.
  82. ^ Thomson & Gutman 2004, p. 73.
  83. ^ Davies 1968, pp. 323-326.
  84. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 166–167.
  85. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 204–206.
  86. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 209-211.
  87. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 204-206.
  88. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 80.
  89. ^ a b Lennon 2005, pp. 239–240.
  90. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 739.
  91. ^ Cleave, Maureen (5 October 2005). "The John Lennon I knew". The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3646983/The-John-Lennon-I-knew.html. Retrieved 9 April 2011. 
  92. ^ a b Cross 2004, p. 107.
  93. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 81.
  94. ^ Boyd, Pattie (5 August 2007). "Patti Boyd: The dentist who spiked my coffee with LSD". Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-473207/Patti-Boyd-The-dentist-spiked-coffee-LSD.html. Retrieved 19 October 2009. 
  95. ^ Herbert, Ian (9 September 2006). "Revealed: Dentist who introduced Beatles to LSD". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/revealed-dentist-who-introduced-beatles-to-lsd-415230.html. Retrieved 19 October 2009. 
  96. ^ Mann 2009, p. 21.
  97. ^ Cross 2004, p. 148.
  98. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 566.
  99. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 665–666.
  100. ^ a b Lennon 2005, pp. 244-248.
  101. ^ Tillery 2010, p. 53.
  102. ^ Wenner 1971, p. 76.
  103. ^ a b c d Smith, Julia Llewellyn (25 July 2000). "I'm trying to make Julian feel that John did love him, even if he can't tell him any more". The Daily Express. 
  104. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 704.
  105. ^ Miles & Badman 2001, p. 272.
  106. ^ Miles 1997, pp. 379-380.
  107. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 96.
  108. ^ a b Davies 1968, pp. 328-329,334-335.
  109. ^ a b Davies 1968, pp. 337-338.
  110. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 740.
  111. ^ Spitz 2005, pp. 740-741.
  112. ^ Loker 2009, p. 280.
  113. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 750.
  114. ^ Anderson 2010, p. 74.
  115. ^ a b c Mulligan 2010, p. 105.
  116. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 755.
  117. ^ a b Lennon, Cynthia (10 February 2008). "The Beatles, the Maharishi and me". The Times: p. 1. http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article3340963.ece. Retrieved 27 March 2011. 
  118. ^ Roy, Amit (27 March 2005). "Long and Winding Road to Rishikesh". The Telegraph (Kolkata). http://www.telegraphindia.com/1050327/asp/look/story_4519992.asp. Retrieved 6 April 2011. 
  119. ^ Kane 2007, p. 61.
  120. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 101.
  121. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 758.
  122. ^ Kane 2007, p. 56.
  123. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 281-282.
  124. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. 108.
  125. ^ Ryan 1982, p. 155.
  126. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 772.
  127. ^ a b c Edmondson 2010, p. 102.
  128. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 288-289.
  129. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 773.
  130. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. 106.
  131. ^ Coleman 1999, p. 464.
  132. ^ Hunt, Chris (December 2005). "The Loves Of John Lennon". Uncut Legends. 
  133. ^ Brown & Gaines 2002, p. 273.
  134. ^ Mulligan 2010, p. xxii.
  135. ^ a b Faber, Michel (8 October 2005). "Imagine all the butties". The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2005/oct/08/highereducation.biography. Retrieved 4 April 2011. 
  136. ^ Coleman 1999, p. 467.
  137. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 113.
  138. ^ Spitz 2005, p. 800.
  139. ^ Cross 2004, p. 195.
  140. ^ Cross 2004, p. 184.
  141. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 107.
  142. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 300.
  143. ^ a b Spitz 2005, p. 782.
  144. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. xxxii.
  145. ^ Miles 1997, p. 465.
  146. ^ Cross 2005, p. 366.
  147. ^ Wenner 1971, p. 226.
  148. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 293.
  149. ^ "Cynthia Lennon". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/northeast/guides/halloffame/showbiz/cynthia_lennon.shtml. Retrieved 4 April 2011. 
  150. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 336–340.
  151. ^ Harry 2000, p. 334.
  152. ^ "Life with The Beatles". BBC News. 27 August 1999. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/431822.stm. Retrieved 4 May 2007. 
  153. ^ Ingham 2003, p. 349.
  154. ^ Badman 2001, p. 275.
  155. ^ Edmondson 2010, p. 173.
  156. ^ "Cynthia Lennon". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/northeast/guides/halloffame/showbiz/cynthia_lennon.shtml. Retrieved 3 May 2007. 
  157. ^ "'Instant' books focus on Lennon". Ottawa Citizen. Reuters: p. 38. 30 December 1980. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bdAyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ZO4FAAAAIBAJ&pg=5662,512965&dq=a-twist-of-lennon&hl=en. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  158. ^ "Names in the News: Cynthia Lennon Twist". The Daily Times . Associated Press (Portsmouth, Ohio): p. 10. 14 September 1981. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=p7hQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=ldAMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5181,1144353&dq=cynthia-lennon&hl=en. 
  159. ^ Lennon 2005, pp. 374.
  160. ^ a b c d e f "Goodbye to All That: Cynthia Lennon Sells What John Left Behind". People. 2 September 1991. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20115831,00.html. Retrieved 10 April 2011. 
  161. ^ a b c d e f g h Moir, Jan (28 May 1999). "'I want John out of my life'". The Daily Telegraph. 
  162. ^ "The Linda McDermott interview: Cynthia Lennon". merseyworld.com. Archived from the original on 10 December 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061210204323/http://www.merseyworld.com/beatlemania/cynthia/. Retrieved 29 April 2007. 
  163. ^ Lennon 2005, p. 285.
  164. ^ Badman 2001, p. 287.
  165. ^ "Names in the News: John Lennon". Kingman Daily Miner. Associated Press: p. 1B. 8 September 1995. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bK1PAAAAIBAJ&sjid=QVMDAAAAIBAJ&pg=3306,1475521&dq=cynthia+lennon+christie%27s&hl=en. 
  166. ^ "On Tuesday, April 05, 1988, a U.S. federal trademark registration was filed for CYNTHIA LENNON". Trademarkia, Inc.. http://www.trademarkia.com/cynthia-lennon-73721153.html. Retrieved 14 April 2011. 
  167. ^ "Perfume Intelligence - The Encyclopaedia of Perfume". Perfume Intelligence. http://www.perfumeintelligence.co.uk/library/perfume/w/w3/w3p2.htm. Retrieved 14 April 2011. 
  168. ^ Badman 2001, p. 421.
  169. ^ Badman 2001, p. 225.
  170. ^ "Backbeat (1994)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/backbeat/#!reviews=all&page=2. Retrieved 27 March 2011. 
  171. ^ Seibert, Perry. "Backbeat: Critics' Reviews". Rovi Corporation. http://movies.msn.com/movies/movie-critic-reviews/backbeat/. Retrieved 10 April 2011. 
  172. ^ Anthony, Andrew (16 October 2005). "Imagine? Not here". The Observer. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2005/oct/16/biography.johnlennon. Retrieved 10 April 2011. 
  173. ^ Kozinn, Allan (31 July 2005). "The Many Faces of John Lennon: Black, White, Male, Female". The New York Times. http://theater.nytimes.com/2005/07/31/theater/newsandfeatures/31kozi.html?pagewanted=2. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  174. ^ Hernandez, Ernio (August 2005). "Behind the Musical: Nine Johns Come Together for Broadway's Lennon". Playbill. http://www.playbill.com/features/article/94312-Behind-the-Musical-Nine-Johns-Come-Together-for-Broadways-Lennon. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  175. ^ "Lennon Naked: Characters". PBS Masterpiece. PBS. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/lennon/characters.html. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  176. ^ Blackie, Andrew (21 January 2010). "An Interesting Proposition with 'Nowhere' Much to Go". PopMatters. http://www.popmatters.com/pm/post/119469-an-interesting-proposition-with-nowhere-much-to-go/. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  177. ^ Thompson, Jody (1 July 2006). "All you need is Love: Beatles show hits Vegas". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/6music/news/20060630_beatles.shtml. Retrieved 4 May 2007. 
  178. ^ a b Brooks, Richard (13 June 2009). "Julian Lennon gives family peace a chance". The Sunday Times. http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6492509.ece. Retrieved 5 April 2011. 
  179. ^ Titizian, Martia (14 November 2009). "Cynthia, Pattie, and the Beatles". The Armenian Reporter. http://www.reporter.am/go/article/2009-11-14-cynthia-pattie-and-the-beatles. Retrieved 17 April 2011. 
  180. ^ "Julian Lennon: 'Timeless' exhibition at Morrison Hotel Gallery". Yoko Ono. 30 September 2010. http://imaginepeace.com/archives/12465. Retrieved 5 April 2011. 
  181. ^ "Monument to John Lennon unveiled in Liverpool on his '70th birthday'". The Daily Telegraph. 9 October 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8052634/Monument-to-John-Lennon-unveiled-in-Liverpool-on-his-70th-birthday.html. Retrieved 5 April 2011. 

References

  • Anderson, Jennifer Joline (2010). John Lennon: Legendary Musician & Beatle (Lives Cut Short). Abdo Publishing Company. ISBN 978-1604537901. 
  • Badman, Keith (2001). The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After The Break-Up 1970-2001. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-7520-5. 
  • Barrow, Tony (2006). John, Paul, George, Ringo and Me. Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 978-1560258827. 
  • Brown, Peter; Gaines, Steven (2002). The Love You Make: An Insider's Story of the Beatles (Reprint ed.). NAL Trade. ISBN 978-0451207357. 
  • Carr, Roy; Tyler, Tony (1975). The Beatles: An Illustrated Record. Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-520-451. 
  • Clayson, Alan (2003). John Lennon (Beatles). Sanctuary Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-1860744518. 
  • Coleman, Ray (1984). John Winston Lennon: 1940-66 v. 1. Sidgwick & Jackson Ltd. ISBN 978-0283989421. 
  • Coleman, Ray (1999). Lennon: The Definitive Biography (Revised ed.). Harper Paperbacks. ISBN 978-0060986087. 
  • Cross, Craig (2004). Day-By-Day Song-By-Song Record-By-Record. iUniverse. ISBN 978-0595314874. 
  • Davies, Hunter (1968) (paperback). The Beatles: The Authorized Biography. Dell Publishing.  Also adapted for publication in Davies, Hunter (13, 20 September 1968). "The Beatles". Life. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Vz8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA110. 
  • Dewitt, Howard A. (1985). The Beatles: Untold Tales. Horizon Books. ISBN 978-0938840039. 
  • Edmondson, Jacqueline (2010). John Lennon: A Biography. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0313379383. 
  • Harry, Bill (2000). The John Lennon Encyclopedia. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0753504048. 
  • Ingham, Chris (2003). The Rough Guide to The Beatles. Rough Guides Ltd. 
  • Julien, Oliver (2009). Sgt. Pepper and the Beatles: It Was Forty Years Ago Today. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0754667087. 
  • Kane, Larry (2007). Lennon Revealed. Running Press. ISBN 978-0762429660. 
  • Lennon, Cynthia (1978). A Twist of Lennon. Avon Books. ISBN 978-0352301963. 
  • Lennon, Cynthia (2005). John. Hodder & Stoughton. ISBN 978-0340895122. 
  • Loker, Bradford E. (2009). History with The Beatles. Dog Ear Publishing. ISBN 978-1608440399. 
  • Mann, John (2009). Turn on and Tune in: Psychedelics, Narcotics and Euphoriants. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-1847559098. 
  • Miles, Barry (1997). Many Years From Now. Vintage-Random House. ISBN 978-0749386580. 
  • Miles, Barry; Badman, Keith (2001). The Beatles Diary: After the Break-Up 1970-2001. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0711983076. 
  • Mulligan, Kate Siobhan (2010). The Beatles: A Musical Biography (Story of the Band). Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313376863. 
  • Ryan, David Stuart (1982). John Lennon's Secret: A Biography. Kozmik Press. ISBN 978-0905116082. 
  • Salewicz, Chris (1987). McCartney. Futura Publications. ISBN 978-0708833742. 
  • Sheff, David (2000). All We Are Saying. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0312254643. 
  • Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles – The Biography. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0316803526. 
  • The Beatles (2000). The Beatles Anthology. Chronicle Books. ISBN 978-0811826846. 
  • Thomson, Elizabeth; Gutman, David (2004). The Lennon Companion. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0306812705. 
  • Tillery, Gary (2010). The Cynical Idealist: A Spiritual Biography of John Lennon. Quest Books. ISBN 978-0835608756. 
  • Tremlett, George (1975). The Paul McCartney Story. Futura. ISBN 978-0860072003. 
  • Wenner, Jann (1971) (paperback). Lennon Remembers: The Rolling Stone Interviews. Popular Library. 
  • Wiener, Jon (1991). Come Together. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0252061318. 
  • Womack, Kenneth; Davis, Todd F. (2006). Reading the Beatles. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0791467152. 

External links


v · d · eJohn Lennon
Studio albums
With Yoko Ono
Unfinished Music No.1: Two Virgins · Unfinished Music No.2: Life with the Lions · Wedding Album · Some Time in New York City · Double Fantasy · Milk and Honey · Double Fantasy Stripped Down
Live albums
Compilations
Shaved Fish · The John Lennon Collection · Menlove Ave. · Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon · Wonsaponatime · Instant Karma: All-Time Greatest Hits · Acoustic · Peace, Love & Truth · Working Class Hero: The Definitive Lennon · Power to the People: The Hits
Soundtracks
Imagine: John Lennon · The U.S. vs. John Lennon
Box sets
Lennon · John Lennon Anthology · Gimme Some Truth · John Lennon Signature Box
Books
Films
How I Won the War (1967) · Two Virgins (1968) · No. 5 (1968) · Honeymoon (1969) · Freedom (1970) · Fly (1970) · Legs (1970)  · Apotheosis (1970) · Erection (1971) · Imagine (1972) · Dynamite Chicken (1972) · Oh! Calcutta! (1972) · John and Yoko: A Love Story (1985) · Imagine: John Lennon (1988) · In His Life: The John Lennon Story (2000) · The U.S. vs. John Lennon (2006) · The Killing of John Lennon (2006) · Chapter 27 (2007) · I Met the Walrus (2007) · Nowhere Boy (2009) · Lennon Naked (2010)
Family
Alfred Lennon (father) · Julia Lennon (mother) · Mimi Smith (aunt) · George Smith (uncle) · Julia Baird (half-sister) · Cynthia Lennon (1st wife) · Julian Lennon (1st son) · Yoko Ono (2nd wife) · Sean Lennon (2nd son)
Related
People
Media
The Lost Lennon Tapes  · Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music (concert)  · ROOTS: John Lennon Sings The Great Rock & Roll Hits  · Pussy Cats · Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon  · Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur  · The 30th Annual John Lennon Tribute: Live from the Beacon Theatre, NYC  · A Toot and a Snore in '74  · Lennon (musical)  · Lennon Legend: The Very Best of John Lennon (DVD)  · The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus
Articles

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  • Cynthia Lennon — Cynthia Powell Lennon, (* 10. September 1939 in Blackpool, England) war die erste Ehefrau des Musikers John Lennon. Cynthia Powell wuchs in Hoylake, einem kleinen Ort nahe Liverpool, auf. Mit 18 Jahren besuchte sie das Liverpool College of Art,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cynthia Powell — dans les années 1960. Cynthia Powell, née le 10 septembre 1939 à Blackpool, est la première femme de John Lennon. Elle rencontre John Lennon dans un cours de calligraphie de l Art College de Liverpool et l épouse en 1962, après avoir… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Cynthia Powell — Lennon, (* 10. September 1939 in Blackpool, England) war die erste Frau des Musikers John Lennon. Geboren in Blackpool, England, wuchs sie in Hoylake, einem kleinen Ort nahe Liverpool auf. Mit 18 Jahren besuchte sie das Liverpool College of Art,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Cynthia — Gender Female Origin Word/Name Greek Meaning from Mount Cynthus Other names Related names …   Wikipedia

  • Cynthia — ist auch ein im englischen Sprachraum verbreiteter weiblicher Vorname. Die Kurz und Koseform ist Cindy. Bekannte Namensträgerinnen Edwina Cynthia Annette Ashley (1901–1960), britische Adlige Cynthia Carroll (* 1957), US amerikanische… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lennon — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Aaron Lennon (* 1987), englischer Fußballspieler Alton Asa Lennon (1906–1986), US amerikanischer Politiker Cynthia Lennon (* 1939), Ehefrau von John Lennon Dermott Lennon (* 1969), irischer Springreiter… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lennon (name) — Family name name = Lennon imagesize= 200 px caption= meaning = region = origin = related names = footnotes = The name Lennon can refer to one of several individuals or groups:* John Lennon, singer, musician, poet and songwriter famous as a member …   Wikipedia

  • Lennon–McCartney — John Lennon and Paul McCartney in 1964 The Lennon–McCartney (also written Lennon/McCartney) songwriting partnership is one of the best known and most successful musical collaborations in history. Between 1962 and 1969, the partnership published… …   Wikipedia

  • Lennon (album) — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Lennon. Lennon Compilation par John Lennon Sortie 30 octobre 1999 Enregistrement …   Wikipédia en Français

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