Birtha (Commagene)

Birtha (Commagene)

Birtha was an ancient town on the east bank of the Euphrates, at the upper part of a reach of that river, which runs nearly north-south, and just below a sharp bend in the stream, where it follows that course after coming from a long reach flowing more from the west. This town has often been confounded with the Birtha of Ptolemy (v. 19), but incorrectly. In fact, the name of Birtha occurs in no ancient writer. Zosimus (iii. 19) mentions that Julian, in his march to Maogamalcha, rested at a town called Bithra (Greek: polytonic|Βίθρα), where there was a palace of such vast dimensions that it afforded quarters for his whole army. (Comp. Le Beau, "Bas Empire", vol. iii. p. 93.) This town was no doubt the modern Birecik, Turkey (Albirat, Abulf. "Tab. Syr." p. 127). The castle of Bircejik rises on the left bank, so as to command the passage of the river on the opposite side, astride one of the most frequented of all the traditional passages into Mesopotamia. (Buckingham, "Mesopotamia", vol. i. p. 49; "Journ. Geog. Soc." vol. x. pp. 452, 517; Ghesney, "Exped. Euphrat." vol. i. p. 46; Ritter, "Erdkunde", vol. x. p. 976.)

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  • Birtha — (Greek: polytonic|Βίρθα) may refer to several different places:*Birtha (Mesopotamia), on the Tigris, now at Tikrit, Iraq *Birtha (Commagene), on the Euphrates, now at Birecik, Turkey *Birtha (Thapsacus), near Thapsacus, location not precisely… …   Wikipedia

  • Birtha (Thapsacus) — Birtha (Greek: polytonic|Βίρθα), was an ancient town to the southeast of Thapsacus, which Ptolemy (v. 19) places in 73° 40′ long., 35° 0′ lat. This place, the same as the Birtha of Hierocles, has been confounded by geographers with the town in… …   Wikipedia

  • Birecik — (Greek: polytonic|Βίρθα and later Macedonopolis or Makedonopolis; Latin: Birtha; Arabic: al Bīrā البيرا; Kurdish: Bêrecûg), also formerly known during the Crusades as Bile, is a town and district of Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey, on the River… …   Wikipedia

  • Zeugma (city) — This article is about Zeugma in Commagene; for the ancient city called Zeugma in Seleucis, Syria, see Samandağı (city). For other uses, see Zeugma (disambiguation) Zeugma ( el. Ζεύγμα) is an ancient city of Commagene; currently located in the… …   Wikipedia

  • Cyrrhestica — (Greek: Κυρρηστική)[1] is a district of Greater Syria which appears to have owed its name to the Macedonian occupation of the country. It lies between the plain of Antioch, and was bounded on the east by the Euphrates, and on the west by Amanus… …   Wikipedia

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