Timpanogos Cave National Monument

Infobox_protected_area | name = Timpanogos Cave National Monument
iucn_category = III

---

caption =
locator_x = 63
locator_y = 67
location = Utah County, Utah, USA
nearest_city = Highland, Utah
lat_degrees = 40
lat_minutes = 26
lat_seconds = 26
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 111
long_minutes = 42
long_seconds = 34
long_direction = W
area = 250 acres (1 km²)
established = October 14, 1922
visitation_num = 107,170
visitation_year = 2004
governing_body = U.S. National Park Service

Timpanogos Cave National Monument is a cave system in the Wasatch mountains in American Fork Canyon near American Fork, Utah, in the United States. The 1.5 mile trail to the cave is steep at several points, but paved and wide, so the cave opening is accessible to most. Tours are run when the monument is open, usually from May through October depending on snow conditions.

There are three main chambers accessible in the tour: Hansen Cave, Middle Cave, and Timpanogos Cave. Many colorful cave features or speleothems can be seen. Among the most interesting are the helictites, which are like hollowed straws of rock. They are thought to be formed when water travels through the tube and then evaporates, leaving a small mineral deposit at the end. Other speleothems found in the cave include: cave bacon, cave columns, flowstone, cave popcorn, cave drapery, stalactites and stalagmites.

Martin Hansen discovered Hansen Cave in October of 1887, reportedly while tracking a cougar high up the side of American Fork Canyon. Unfortunately, many of the features and formations in this chamber were damaged or removed before the cave was made a national monument.

The man credited with discovering Timpanogos Cave was named Vearl J. Manwill. He came with the Payson Outdoors Club in 1921. After doing the tour of Hansen's Cave, they went different ways to try to find the rumored cave. Vearl went up above Hansen's, alone. After a little way, he found a crack, and looked in. He called the rest of the club to come look at what he had found.

That fall, George Heber Hansen and Wayne E. Hansen, Martin Hansen's son and grandson, were hunting on the other side of the canyon. While using binoculars to try to find deer, they came across another hole in the mountain, in between the other two caves. In a few days they came back, with 74 year-old Martin Hansen. Martin was the first human being in the cave, now called Middle Cave.

Middle Cave and Timpanogos Cave were discovered in an era where their formations and resources could be protected. The National Park Service, which oversees and preserves the cave complex, has continued to develop new ways to retain its natural features, including limiting lighting in the caves to retard growth of invasive organisms.

ee also

* Protected areas of the United States
* Mount Timpanogos

External links

* [http://www.nps.gov/tica/ National Park Service page on the Timpanogos]
* [http://www.utah.com/nationalsites/timp_cave.htm A Utah travel site page about the caves]
* [http://scenicutah.com/timpanogos/timpanogoscave.php A large collecton of Timpanogos Cave speleothem pictures ]
* [http://www.caves.org/grotto/timpgrotto/ Local caving grotto]