Torrent Duck

Torrent Duck
Torrent Duck
A pair on the Urubamba River, Peru
(female in front of the male)
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Subfamily: Tadorninae
Genus: Merganetta
Gould, 1842
Species: M. armata
Binomial name
Merganetta armata
Gould, 1842
Subspecies
  • M. a. colombiana (Des Murs, 1845)
    Colombian Torrent Duck
  • M. a. leucogenis (Tschudi, 1843)
    Peruvian Torrent Duck
  • M. a. armata (Gould, 1842)
    Chilean Torrent Duck
  • M. a. berlepschi (Hartert, 1909)
  • M. a. garleppi (Berlepsch, 1894)
  • M. a. turneri (Sclater & Salvin, 1869)

The Torrent Duck (Merganetta armata) is a member of the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae. It is the only member of the genus Merganetta. Today it is placed in the shelduck subfamily Tadorninae after the "perching duck" assemblage where it was formerly assigned to was dissolved because it turned out to be paraphyletic[citation needed]. Its closest relative may be the Blue Duck of New Zealand[citation needed].

This 43–46-centimetre (17–18 in) long species is a resident breeder in the Andes of South America, nesting in small waterside caves and other sheltered spots. Like the Blue Duck, it holds territories on fast flowing mountain rivers, usually above 1,500 metres (4,900 ft). It is a powerful swimmer and diver even in white water, but is reluctant to fly more than short distances. It is not particularly wary when located.

Male Torrent Ducks have a striking black and white head and neck pattern and a red bill. In flight they show dark wings with a green speculum.

A juvenile and a female on the Urubamba River, Peru
Male on the rocky banks of the Urubamba River, Peru

Females of all subspecies are somewhat smaller than the drakes; they have orange underparts and throat, with the head and upperparts grey and a yellower bill. Juveniles are pale grey above and whitish below.

The male's call is a shrill whistle, and the female's is throatier whistle.

The subspecies taxonomy is quite confusing. Males of the southern nominate subspecies, the Chilean Torrent Duck, have a grey back and blackish underparts with a chestnut belly. Males of the slightly smaller northern subspecies, the Colombian Torrent Duck, M. a. colombiana, are paler underneath, with steaked grey-brown underparts. Males of a third subspecies, the Peruvian Torrent Duck, M. a. leucogenis, are intermediate but very variable in plumage; some have entirely black underparts (turneri morph). Only males of the Chilean Torrent Duck have a black 'teardrop' mark beneath the eye. The Peruvian Torrent Duck is sometimes split into not less than 4 subspecies (leucogenis, turneri, garleppi and berlepschi), but these are more likely simply color variations, as they are not limited to distinct areas.

This is a declining species now due to competition for its invertebrate food from introduced trout, pollution, forest destruction, and damming of mountain rivers for hydroelectric schemes. The Chilean population seems to be relatively stable.

References

  • Steve Madge; Hilary Burn (1988). Wildfowl. ISBN 978-0-7470-2201-5. 

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • torrent duck — ▪ bird       (species Merganetta armata), long bodied duck, found along rushing mountain streams in the Andes. It is usually classified as an aberrant dabbling duck (q.v.) but is sometimes placed in its own tribe, the Merganettini, family… …   Universalium

  • torrent duck — andinės antys statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Merganetta angl. torrent duck vok. Sturzbachente, f rus. андская утка, f; шпорцевая утка, f pranc. merganette des torrents, f ryšiai: platesnis terminas – andinės antys… …   Paukščių pavadinimų žodynas

  • torrent duck — andinė antis statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Merganetta armata angl. torrent duck vok. Sturzbachente, f rus. андская утка, f; шпорцевая утка, f pranc. merganette des torrents, f ryšiai: platesnis terminas – andinės antys …   Paukščių pavadinimų žodynas

  • torrent duck — andinės antys statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas atitikmenys: lot. Merganettini angl. torrent duck ryšiai: platesnis terminas – antys siauresnis terminas – andinės antys …   Paukščių pavadinimų žodynas

  • torrent duck — noun : any of several ducks related to the mergansers and constituting the genus Merganetta that inhabit rushing streams of the Andes from Colombia to Chile …   Useful english dictionary

  • duck — duck1 /duk/, n., pl. ducks, (esp. collectively for 1, 2) duck. 1. any of numerous wild or domesticated web footed swimming birds of the family Anatidae, esp. of the genus Anas and allied genera, characterized by abroad, flat bill, short legs, and …   Universalium

  • Perching duck — The perching ducks ( Cairininae or Cairinini ) were previously treated as a small group of ducks in the duck, goose and swan family Anatidae, grouped together on the basis of their readiness to perch high in trees. It has been subsequently shown… …   Wikipedia

  • anseriform — ▪ bird order Introduction  any of the 150 species comprising the bird order Anseriformes, which comprises the ducks (duck), geese (goose), and swans (swan) (family Anatidae) and the screamers (the three species of family Anhimidae). Anatidae… …   Universalium

  • List of birds of Colombia — This is a list of the bird species recorded in Colombia. The avifauna of Colombia includes a total of 1895 species, of which 74 are endemic, 2 have been introduced by humans, and 87 are rare or accidental. 1 species listed is extirpated in… …   Wikipedia

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