- Direction de la surveillance du territoire
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Directorate of Territorial Surveillance Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire Agency overview Formed 1944 Preceding agency Surveillance du Territoire Dissolved 2008 Superseding agency Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur Jurisdiction Government of France Headquarters 7 rue Nélaton, Paris, France Minister responsible Michèle Alliot-Marie, Minister of the Interior Agency executive Bernard Squarcini, Director Parent agency French National Police The Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire (DST) (Directorate of Territorial Surveillance) was a directorate of the French National Police operating as a domestic intelligence agency. It was responsible for counterespionage, counterterrorism and more generally the security of France against foreign threats and interference. It was created in 1944 with its headquarters situated at 7 rue Nélaton in Paris. On 1 July 2008, it was merged with the Direction centrale des renseignements généraux into the new Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur.[1]
The DST Economic Security and Protection of National Assets department had units in the 22 regions of France to protect French technology. It operated for 20 years, not only on behalf of defense industry leaders, but also for pharmaceuticals, telecoms, the automobile industry, and all manufacturing and service sectors.
Contents
History
According to a recently published book,[2] the DST has never been infiltrated by any foreign agency in all of its history.
During the Algerian War (1954–62), the agency created the Organization of the French Algerian Resistance (ORAF), a group of counter-terrorists whose mission was to carry out false flag terrorist attacks with the aim of quashing any hopes of political compromise.[3]
On 3 December 1973, agents of the DST, disguised as plumbers, were caught trying to install a spy microphone in the offices of the Canard Enchaîné newspaper. The resulting scandal forced Interior Minister Raymond Marcellin to leave the government.
Reporter Marie-Monique Robin, author of a book investigating relationship between the Algerian War and Operation Condor, said to L'Humanité newspaper that "[the] French have systematized a military technique in urban environments which would be copied and pasted to Latin American dictatorships."[4] Roger Trinquier's famous book on counter-insurgency had a very strong influence in South America. Robin was "shocked" to learn that the DST communicated to the Chilean DINA the name of the refugees who returned to Chile (Operation Retorno), all of whom were later killed.[4]
One of the greatest success of the DST was the recruitment of the Soviet KGB officer Vladimir Vetrov. Between the spring of 1981 and early 1982 he handed almost 4,000 secret documents over to the French, including the complete official list of 250 Line X KGB officers stationed under legal cover in embassies around the world, before being arrested in February 1982 and executed in 1983.
Directors of the DST
- Roger Wybot (1944–1959)
- Gabriel Eriau (1959–1961)
- Daniel Doustin (1961–1964)
- Tony Roche (1964–1967)
- Jean Rochet (1967–1972)
- Henri Biard (1972–1974)
- Jacques Chartron (1974–1975)
- Marcel Chalet (November 1975 – November 1982)
- Yves Bonnet (1982–1985)
- Rémy Pautrat (August 1985 – April 1986)
- Bernard Gérard (April 1986 – May 1990)
- Jacques Fournet (23 May 1990 – 5 October 1993)
- Philippe Parant (6 October 1993 – 1997)
- Jean-Jacques Pascal (1997–2002)
- Pierre de Bousquet de Florian (2002–2007)
- Bernard Squarcini (June 2007 – July 2008)
References
- ^ "La réorganisation des services de renseignement", official website of the French Ministry of the Interior, 13 September 2007
- ^ Frédéric Ploquin and E. Merlen, 'Carnets intimes de la DST', Fayard 2003
- ^ Roger Faligot and Pascal Krop, DST, Police Secrète, Flammarion, 1999, p.174
- ^ a b L’exportation de la torture, interview with Marie-Monique Robin in L'Humanité, 30 August 2003 (French)
External links
- Home page from Ministère de l’Intérieur (French)
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of French Counter-Terrorism (English)
Coordinates: 48°51′10″N 2°17′20″E / 48.8527°N 2.289°E
Current : DGSE · DCRI · DRM · DPSD · UCLA · DRPP · TRACFIN · DNRED · Defunct : Cabinet noir · Secret du Roi · Deuxième Bureau · BCRA · DGER · SDECE · DCRG · DST
Categories:- French National Police
- Defunct French intelligence agencies
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