Miconazole

Miconazole
Miconazole
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(RS)-1-(2-(2,4-Dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl)-1H-imidazole
Clinical data
Trade names Monistat
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
MedlinePlus a601203
Pregnancy cat.  ?
Legal status POM (UK) OTC (US)
Routes topical, vaginal
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability n/a
Metabolism n/a
Half-life n/a
Excretion n/a
Identifiers
CAS number 22916-47-8 YesY
ATC code D01AC02 A01AB09 A07AC01 G01AF04
PubChem CID 4189
IUPHAR ligand 2449
DrugBank APRD01115
ChemSpider 4044 YesY
UNII 7NNO0D7S5M YesY
KEGG D00416 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:6923 N
ChEMBL CHEMBL91 YesY
Chemical data
Formula C18H14Cl4N2O 
Mol. mass 416.127 g/mol
SMILES eMolecules & PubChem
 N(what is this?)  (verify)

Miconazole is an imidazole antifungal agent, developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica, commonly applied topically to the skin or to mucus membranes to cure fungal infections. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes. It can also be used against certain species of Leishmania protozoa which are a type of unicellular parasite that also contain ergosterol in their cell membranes. In addition to its antifungal and antiparasitic actions, it also has some limited antibacterial properties. It is marketed in various formulations under various brand names.

Miconazole is also used in Ektachrome film developing in the final rinse of the Kodak E-6 process and similar Fuji CR-56 process, replacing formaldehyde. Fuji Hunt also includes miconazole as a final rinse additive in their formulation of the C-41RA rapid access color negative developing process.

Contents

Indications

Miconazole is mainly used externally for the treatment of athlete's foot, ringworm and jock itch. Internal application is used for oral or vaginal thrush (yeast infection). In addition the oral gel may also be used for the lip disorder angular cheilitis.

It has an advantage over nystatin in the treatment of neonatal oral thrush in that the latter is only licensed in the UK for those over the age of one month; but note the possibility for drug interactions.

Side effects

Unlike nystatin, some miconazole is absorbed by the intestinal tract when used orally (and possibly if used vaginally[1]) which may lead to drug interactions.

Of note may be interactions with anticoagulants, phenytoin, terbinafine, some newer atypical antipsychotics, ciclosporin and some statins used to treat hypercholesterolemia.

Brand names and formulations

Vaginal miconazole 20 mg/g - Brazil

Oral treatment: (brands: Daktarin in UK)

  • Oral gel 24 mg/ml (20 mg/g)
  • Oravig 50 mg once daily buccal tablet:

On April 16, 2010 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Oravig (miconazole) buccal tablets once daily for the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), more commonly known as thrush, in adults and children age 16 and older. Oravig is the first and only local, oral prescription formulation of miconazole - an antifungal medication - approved for this use in the U.S.

External skin treatment: (brands: Desenex in US and Canada (not to be confused with Tussionex), Micatin, Monistat-Derm, Daktarin in UK, Australia, Belgium and the Philippines, Decocort in Malaysia)

  • Topical cream: 2%.
  • Combination: 2% cream with 1% hydrocortisone (Daktacort in UK, Daktodor in Greece)

Vaginal treatment: (brands: Miconazex, Monistat, Femizol or Gyno-Daktarin in UK)

  • Pessaries: 200 mg or 100 mg
  • Vaginal cream: 2% (7-day treatment); 4% (3-day treatment)
  • Combination: 2% cream with either 100 mg or 200 mg.

Physical properties

The solubilities of miconazole nitrate powder are 0.03% in water 0.76% in ethanol and up to 4% in acetic acid.[2]

See also

References

External links

Medical

Photographic


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Miconazole — Énantiomère R du miconazole (à gauche) et S miconazole (à droite) Général …   Wikipédia en Français

  • miconazole — ● miconazole nom masculin Médicament antifongique et antimicrobien, agissant sur les champignons microscopiques et les bactéries Gram positif …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Miconazole — МИКОНАЗОЛ ( Miconazole ). (+) 1 [2,4 Дихлорb [(2,4 дихлорбензил)окси] фенэтил] имидазол. Синонимы: Дактарин, Aflorix, Albistat,Andergin, Daktar, Daktarin, Dermonistat, Drinax, Funginazol, Mezolitan, Micatin, Micogyn, Miconal, Micostate, Monistat …   Словарь медицинских препаратов

  • miconazole nitrate — An antifungal agent. * * * [USP] the nitrate salt of miconazole; used topically in the treatment of various forms of tinea and cutaneous candidiasis, and intravaginally in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis …   Medical dictionary

  • miconazole — noun Etymology: micon (perhaps part blend, part alteration of myc and New Latin Monilia, a genus of fungi) + imidazole Date: 1970 an antifungal agent C18H14Cl4N2O administered especially in the form of its nitrate …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • miconazole — mi·con·a·zole (mĭ kŏnʹə zōl ) n. An antifungal used topically or parenterally.   [Alteration of myco + benzimidazole.] * * * …   Universalium

  • miconazole — noun An imidazole antifungal agent that works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol …   Wiktionary

  • miconazole — mi·con·a·zole mī kän ə .zōl n an antifungal agent administered esp. in the form of its nitrate C18H14Cl4N2O·HNO3 see MICATIN * * * n. a drug used to treat fungal infections, such as ringworm of the scalp, body, and feet, and candidosis (see… …   Medical dictionary

  • miconazole — mi·con·a·zole …   English syllables

  • miconazole — n. a drug used to treat fungal infections, such as ringworm of the scalp, body, and feet, and candidosis (see imidazole). It is administered by mouth, intravenous injection, intravaginally, and topically; side effects include itching, skin rash,… …   The new mediacal dictionary

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