Korean dialects

Korean dialects
Various words for "dragonfly" (Standard Korean 잠자리).
Dialects of Korean

A number of different Korean dialects are spoken in the Korean peninsula. The peninsula is extremely mountainous, and each dialect's "territory" corresponds closely to the natural boundaries between different geographical regions. Most of the dialects are named for one of Korea's traditional Eight Provinces.

Contents

Standard dialects

  • In South Korea, Standard Korean (표준어/標準語) is defined by the National Institute of the Korean Language as "the modern speech of Seoul widely used by the well-cultivated" (교양있는 사람들이 두루 쓰는 현대 서울말). In practice, it tends not to include features that are found exclusively in Seoul.
  • P'yŏng'an dialect (평안방언) is the standard dialect in North Korea, and is spoken in P'yŏngyang, the P'yŏng'an region, and Chagang Province.

Regional dialects

Outside of the Korean peninsula

  • Koryo-mar (Autonym: Корё мар/고려말, Standard Korean: 중앙아시아 한국어), usually identified as a descendant of the Hamgyŏng dialect, is spoken by the Koryo-saram, ethnic Koreans in the former USSR. It consists of a Korean base vocabulary, but takes many loanwords and calques from Russian and the Turkic languages.
  • Zainichi Korean language (재일어; 재일조선어) is a language or a dialect spoken among Zainichi Koreans in Japan, strongly influenced by Japanese.
  • As discussed above, Koreans in China use a dialect nearly identical to Hamgyŏng dialect in North Korea, but there are still some differences, as the former has many modern terms that came from Chinese.

See also


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