- 425 BC
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Events
By place
Persian Empire
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Artaxerxes I ,Achaemenid king ofPersia , is succeeded by his sonXerxes II .Greece
* Demosthenes captures and fortifies the port of
Pylos in thePeloponnesus , givingAthens a strong base close toSparta . Meanwhile, a Spartan army, commanded byBrasidas , lands on the nearby island ofSphacteria , but is repulsed by the Athenians. An Athenian fleet summoned by Demosthenes bottles up the Spartan navy inNavarino Bay.
*Cleon joins Demosthenes in the invasion by Athenian troops of Sphacteria. The resultingBattle of Pylos results in an Athenian victory leading to the surrender of many of the Spartan troops. Pylos remains in Athenian hands, and is used as a base for raids into Spartan territory and as a refuge for fleeing Spartanhelots .
* Following the failure of peace negotiations between Athens and Sparta, a number of Spartans stranded on the island of Sphacteria after the Battle of Pylos are attacked by an Athenian force under Cleon and Demosthenes. The resultingBattle of Sphacteria leads to a further victory by the Athenians over the Spartans. The Spartans sue for peace, but the Athenian leader Cleon persuades Athens to refuse.China
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Zhou wei lie wang becomes King of theZhou Dynasty ofChina .By Topic
Architecture
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Callicrates starts to build theTemple of Athena Nike on theAcropolis inAthens (approximate date). Between 410 and407 BC the temple is surrounded by aparapet .Drama
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Euripides ' play "Hecuba " is performed.
*Aristophanes ' play "The Acharnians " is performed. Produced byCallistratus , it wins Aristophanes a first prize at theLenaea .Births
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Deaths
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Artaxerxes I , King ofPersia
*Herodotus ofHalicarnassos , Dorian Greek historian (b.484 BC )
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