Acronicta

Acronicta
Grey Dagger, Acronicta psi Note the typical "dagger" marks
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Noctuidae
Subfamily:	Acronictinae
Genus:	Acronicta Ochsenheimer, 1816[1]
Type species
Phalaena leporina Linnaeus, 1758
Diversity
About 150 species
Synonyms
Acronycta Treitschke, 1825 (unjustified emendation) Acronyctia Meigen, 1813 (lapsus) Apatela Stephens, 1829 (lapsus) Apatelae Ochsenheimer, 1816 (unavailable) Apatele Hübner, [1806] (suppressed) Apatele Hübner, [1808] (suppressed) Apatele Hübner, [1818] (unavailable) Apatele Hübner, 1822 Aneuviminia Beck, 1966 Arctomyscis Hübner, 1820 Chamaepora Warren, 1909 Cometa Sodoffsky, 1837 Cuspidia Chapman, 1890 Euviminia Beck, 1966 Hyboma Hübner, 1827 Hylonycta Sugi, 1979 Jocheaera Hübner, 1827 Lepitoreuma Grote, 1873 Mastiphanes Grote, 1882 Megacronycta Grote, 1873 Microcoelia Guenée, 1852 Molybdonycta Sugi, 1979 Paraviminia Beck, 1966 Pharetra Hübner, [1827] 1816 (non Bolten, 1798: preoccupied) Philorgyia Grote, 1896 Plataplectra Butler, 1878 Pseudopunda Butler, 1890 Semaphora Guenée, 1814 Sematophora Agassiz, [1848] (unjustified emendation) Subacronicta Kozhanchikov, 1950 Triaena Hübner, 1827 Tricholonche Grote, 1896 Viminia Chapman, 1890

Acronicta is a genus of noctuid moths containing about 150 species distributed mainly in the temperate Holarctic, with some in adjacent subtropical regions. Caterpillars of most Acronicta species are unmistakable, with brightly colored hairy spikes, and often feed quite visibly on common foliate trees. The larva of the Smeared Dagger Moth (A. oblinita) is unusually hairy even for this genus [1]. Acronicta species are generally known as dagger moths, as most have one or more black dagger-shaped markings on their forewing uppersides. But some species have a conspicuous dark ring marking instead.

Species^[2]

Acronicta aceris – The Sycamore Linnaeus, 1758[3] Acronicta adaucta Warren, 1909 Acronicta afflicta Grote, 1864 Acronicta albarufa Grote, 1874 Acronicta albistigma Hampson, 1909 Acronicta alni – Alder Moth Linnaeus, 1767[4] Acronicta americana – American Dagger Moth Harris, 1841 Acronicta atristrigatus J.B. Smith, 1900 (alternative spelling Acronicta atristrigata) Acronicta auricoma – Scarce Dagger [Schiffermüller], 1775[5] Acronicta australis (Mustelin & Leuschner, 2000) Acronicta barnesii Smith, 1897 Acronicta beameri Todd, 1958 Acronicta bellula Alpheraky, 1895 Acronicta betulae Riley, 1884  ?Acronicta bicolor Moore, 1881 Acronicta browni Mustelin & Leuschner, 2000 Acronicta brumosa Guenée, 1852 Acronicta carbonaria Graeser, 1889 Acronicta catocaloida Graeser, 1889 Acronicta centralis Erschoff, 1874 Acronicta cinerea Hufnagel, 1766[6] Acronicta clarescens Guenée, 1852 Acronicta concrepta Draudt 1937 Acronicta connecta Grote, 1873 Acronicta cuspis – Large Dagger Hübner, [1813][7] Acronicta cyanescens Hampson, 1909 Acronicta dahurica Kononenko & Han, 2008[8] Acronicta dactylina Grote, 1874 Acronicta denticulata Moore Acronicta digna Butler, 1881 Acronicta dinawa Bethune-Baker, 1906 Acronicta dolli (Barnes & McDunnough, 1918) Acronicta edolata Grote, 1881 Acronicta euphorbiae – Sweet Gale Moth [Schiffermüller], 1775[5] Acronicta exempta Dyar, 1922 Acronicta exilis Grote, 1874 Acronicta extricata Grote, 1882 Acronicta falcula Grote, 1877 (syn: Acronicta mansueta Smith, 1897, Acronicta parallela Grote, 1879) Acronicta fragilis Guénée, 1852 Acronicta funeralis Grote & Robinson, 1866 Acronicta gastridia Swinhoe, 1895

Acronicta grisea Walker, 1856 Acronicta haesitata Grote, 1882 Acronicta hamamelis Guenée, 1852 (syn: Acronicta subochrea Grote, 1874) Acronicta hasta Guenée, 1852 Acronicta hastulifera J.E. Smith, 1797 Acronicta heitzmani Covell & Metzler, 1992 Acronicta hercules Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874 Acronicta impleta Walker, 1856 Acronicta impressa Walker, 1856 Acronicta inclara Smith, 1900 Acronicta increta – Raspberry Bud Dagger Morrison, 1974 Acronicta innotata Guenée, 1852 Acronicta insita Walker, 1856 Acronicta intermedia Warren, 1909 Acronicta interrupta Guenée, 1852 Acronicta iria Swinhoe, 1899 Acronicta jozana Matsumura, 1926 Acronicta laetifica Smith, 1897 Acronicta lanceolaria – Lanceolate Dagger Moth Grote, 1875 Acronicta lepetita Smith, 1908 Acronicta leporina – The Miller Linnaeus, 1758[3] Acronicta lepusculina Guenée, 1852 Acronicta leucocuspis Butler, 1878 Acronicta lithospila Grote, 1874 Acronicta lobeliae – Lobelia Dagger Moth, Greater Oak Dagger Moth Guenée, 1852 Acronicta longa Guenée, 1852 Acronicta lupini Grote, 1873 (syn: Acronicta ursina (Smith, 1898), Acronicta atlinensis (Barnes & Benjamin, 1927) Acronicta lutea Bremer & Grey 1852 Acronicta major Bremer, 1861 Acronicta marmorata Smith, 1897 Acronicta megacephala – Poplar Grey [Schiffermüller], 1775[5] Acronicta menyanthidis – Light Knot Grass Esper, 1789 Acronicta metaxantha Hampson, 1909 Acronicta modica Walker, 1856 Acronicta morula Grote & Robinson, 1868 Acronicta nigricans Leech, 1900 Acronicta noctivaga Grote, 1864 Acronicta oblinita – Smeared Dagger Moth Smith, 1797 (syn: Acronicta arioch Strecker, 1898) Acronicta omorii Matsumura, 1926[9]

Acronicta orientalis Mann, 1862[10] Acronicta othello Smith, 1908 Acronicta ovata Grote, 1873 Acronicta pasiphae Draudt, 1936 Acronicta paupercula Grote, 1874 Acronicta perblanda Ferguson, 1989 Acronicta perdita Grote, 1874 Acronicta pruinosa Guenée, 1852[11] Acronicta psi – Grey Dagger Linnaeus, 1758[3] Acronicta psichinesis Kononenko & Han, 2008[8] Acronicta psorallina Lower, 1903 Acronicta pulverosa Hampson 1909 Acronicta quadrata Smith, 1908 Acronicta radcliffei Harvey, 1875 Acronicta raphael Oberthur 1884 Acronicta rapidan Dyar, 1912 Acronicta retardata Walker, 1861 (syn: Acronicta caesarea Smith, 1905) Acronicta rubiginosa Walker, 1862[12] Acronicta rubricoma Guenée, 1852 Acronicta rumicis – Knot Grass Linnaeus, 1758[3] Acronicta sagittata McDunnough, 1940 Acronicta sinescripta Ferguson, 1989 Acronicta sperata Grote, 1873 Acronicta spinea (Grote, 1876) Acronicta spinigera Guenée, 1852 Acronicta strigosa – Marsh Dagger [Schiffermüller], 1775[5] Acronicta strigulata Smith, 1897 Acronicta subornata Leech, 1889 Acronicta sugii (Kinoshita, 1990) Acronicta superans Guenée, 1852 Acronicta theodora Schaus, 1894 Acronicta thoracica Grote, 1880 Acronicta tiena Püngeler, 1907 Acronicta tota Grote, 1879 Acronicta tridens – Dark Dagger [Schiffermüller], 1775 Acronicta tristis Smith, 1911 Acronicta tritona – Triton Dagger Moth Hübner, 1879 Acronicta valliscola Blanchard, 1968[13] Acronicta vinnula Grote, 1864 Acronicta vulpina Grote, 1883

References

1. ^ Ochsenheimer (1816). Schmett. Eur. 4: 62.
2. ^ Acronicta at funet.fi
3. ^ ^{a b c d} Linnaeus (1758). Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 510-516.
4. ^ Linnaeus (1767). Syst. Nat. (Edn 12) 1(2): 845.
5. ^ ^{a b c d} [Schiffermüller] (1775). Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend pp. 67-88
6. ^ Hufnagel (1766). Berlin. Magazin. 3(4): 416.
7. ^ Hübner ([1813]). Samml. eur. Schmett. [4] : pl. 108 (1809-1813), fig. 504
8. ^ ^{a b} Zootaxa 1910: 45.
9. ^ Matsumura (1926). Ins. Matsumurana 1: 3, pl. 1, fig. 2.
10. ^ Mann (1862). Wien. Ent. Mon. 6: 370, pl. 3, fig. 4.
11. ^ Guenée (1852). in Boisduval & Guenée. Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 5 (Noct. 1) p. 53.
12. ^ Walker (1862). J. Proc. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 6: 178.
13. ^ Blanchard (1968). J. Lep. Soc. 22: 133-145.

External links

• Acronicta at the Global Lepidoptera Names Index, Natural History Museum
• Acronicta at Butterflies and Moths of the World, Natural History Museum