Hokulea

Hōkūleokinaa [Finney, et al. "Voyage of Rediscovery", op. cit., p. xiii, offers pronunciation guidance for the boat's name, "The macrons ["kahakō" in Hawaiian] over vowels indicate that they are longer than unmarked vowels and are stressed. The okina [character, called "okina",] indicates a consonant called a glottal stop. It is similar to the sound between "oh's" in the English "oh-oh"."] is a performance-accurate full-scale replica of a "waokinaa kaulua," [cite book
last=Chun
first=Naomi N.Y.
coauthors=with illustrations by Robin Y. Burningham
others=E. Nuokinaulani Atkins
title=Hawaiian Canoe-Building Traditions
publisher=Kamehameha Schools Press and HDL: Hawaiokinai Digital Library
location=Honolulu, HI
date=1988, 1995
edition=Revised ed.
pages=pp. 57-62
chapter=Chapter 10: Types of Canoes
isbn=0-87336-043-5
accessdate=2008-08-26
language=en-US, portions: haw This is available [http://hawaiidigitallibrary.org/elib/cgi-bin/library?e=d-0hcbt-000Sec--11en-50-20-frameset-book--1-010escapewin&a=p&p=frameset&d=D0.12&toc=0 online] , or [http://www.webcitation.org/5afVo3TDv archived by WebCite] .] [ [http://www.wehewehe.org/gsdl2.5/cgi-bin/hdict?a=q&r=1&hs=1&e=q-0hdict--00-0-0--010---4----den--0-000lpm--1haw-Zz-1---Zz-1-home---00031-0000escapewin-00&q=Wa%27a+Kaulua&j=pm&hdid=0&hdds=0 Definition of "Wa‘a Kaulua"] from [http://www.wehewehe.org www.wehewehe.org] - online Hawaiian dictionary.] a double-hulled Polynesian voyaging canoe. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Hokuleaparts.html
title=Canoe Parts--"Hōkūle‘a"
last=Unattributed
work=Polynesian Voyaging Society Visuals
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=haw and en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06 A line drawing with vessel specifications, configuration, and parts named.] [cite news
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/specials/hokulea07/360tour.php
title=360 degree tour of "Hōkūle‘a"
last=Unattributed
work=The Honolulu Advertiser: "Hōkūle‘a": 2007 Voyages to Micronesia and Japan
publisher=Gannett Company.
language=en-US and haw
accessdate=2008-08-09 Requires Flash, a free downloadable viewer from [http://www.adobe.com Adobe] .] Ancient voyaging canoes were a specialized type of wooden sailing vessel used in ancient Hawaiokinai, whereas "Hōkūle‘a" is built of plywood, fiberglass and resin.cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/build.html
title=The Building of the "Hōkūle‘a" – 1973-75
last=Unattributed
work=Canoe Building
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05] "Hōkūle‘a" measures convert|61|ft|5|in|m|adj=off|sigfig=3 LOA, convert|15|ft|6|in|m|adj=off|sigfig=3 at beam, displaces convert|16000|lb|kg|sigfig=3 when empty and can carry another convert|11000|lb|kg|sigfig=3 between gear, supplies, and 12 to 16 crew. Fully laden, with her convert|540|sqft|m2|adj=on|sigfig=3 sail area, [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/pics/hokuplan.gif
title= "Hokule‘a" Plans
last=Unattributed
work=The Building of the Hokule‘a
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-21] she is capable of speeds of convert|4|to|6|kn|mph km/h|sigfig=1 while reaching in convert|15|to|25|kn|mph km/h|adj=on trade winds.cite web
url=http://www2.hawaii.edu/~dennisk/voyagingchiefs/nonamamo.html
title=5. In the Northeast Tradewinds
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
date=1993
work=KCCN Hawaiian Radio Cultural Vignette Series: No Nā Mamo
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society and KCCN Hawaiian Radio
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-28 Kawaharada adds that the vessel can sail at just over convert|10|kn|mph km/h|sigfig=1 knots in stronger winds and following seas.] Her twin masts are rigged either crab claw or Marconi style and she flies a small jib; she is steered with a long paddle. She has no auxiliary motor so she is towed into harbor by her escort vessel when required. Her name means "star of gladness" in Hawaiian, which refers to Arcturus, a guiding zenith star for Hawaiian navigators. In layman's terms, Arcturus passes directly overhead at Hawaiokinai's latitude so it helps sailors find Hawaiokinai.

Construction and purpose

"Hōkūle‘a" was launched on 8 March 1975 by the Polynesian Voyaging Society. She is best known for her 1976 Hawaiokinai to Tahiti voyage performed with Polynesian navigation techniques, [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/navigate/navigate.html
title=Introduction to Wayfinding, or Non-Instrument Navigation
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
work=Wayfinding Strategies and Tactics
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 This section of the Polynesian Voyaging Society web site offers an introduction to techniques; links at page bottom provide further information and bibliography.] without modern navigational instruments. [State of Hawaiokinai, House of Representatives, [http://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/session2006/bills/HR267_.htm Twenty-third Legislature, 2006, "House Resolution 267"] . Read the text of the State Resolution honoring Master Navigator Mau Piailug and the inaugural crew for their achievements.] The primary goal of the voyage was to further support the anthropological theory of the Asiatic origin of native .cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/finneyfounding.html
title=Voyaging into Polynesia's Past: The Founding of the Polynesian Voyaging Society
last=Finney
first=Ben
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 Dr. Finney discusses founding of the Polynesian Voyaging Society and gives background on contrasting theories of Polynesian settlement such as Thor Heyerdahl (settlement from Americas), Andrew Sharp (settlement by chance from drift voyaging), and others proposed.] [cite web
url=http://www.pbs.org/wayfinders/polynesian5.html
title=Wayfinders: A Pacific Odyssey
last=Evenari
first=Gail
publisher=PBS
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 Gail Evenari, crew on the Tonga-Sāmoa leg of the "Voyage of Rediscovery"," produced a documentary film on ancient Polynesian voyaging which was broadcasted by PBS. The "Heyerdahl and Sharp" section of the related PBS website summarizes theories of Polynesian settlement which the "Hōkūle‘a" voyages empirically undercut.] (Scientific results of 2008, from DNA analysis, illuminate this theory of Polynesian settlement.) [cite news
url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/world/asia/18islands.html
title=Pacific Islanders' Ancestry Emerges in Genetic Study
last=Wilford
first=John Noble
date=18 January 2008
work=Asia Pacific
publisher=The New York Times Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-12 DNA analysis confirms Polynesians' relationship to Taiwanese Aborigines and East Asians.] A secondary goal of the project was to have the canoe and voyage "serve as vehicles for the cultural revitalization of Hawaiians and other Polynesians." (Finney, "Voyage of Rediscovery", p. 71) [Though Finney's "Voyage of Rediscovery" is primarily about the nearly two year voyage of that name, 1985-1987, here Finney speaks about the canoe's original construction and 1976 voyage.]

Description of "Hōkūle‘a", the boat, is only part of her story, since she is navigated by non-instrument means. But in 1975, no Hawaiian living knew these ancient techniques for blue water voyaging.cite news
url=http://starbulletin.com/2007/03/18/news/story04.html
title=Navigators' Journey of Spirit, Skill Ends: Five Polynesians are Recognized as Select Master Wayfinders
last=Kubota
first=Gary
date=18 March 2007
work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin
publisher=Oahu Publications, Inc.
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06 Describes the 2007 induction of Nainoa Thompson, Milton "Shorty" Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon, and Chad Kalepa Baybayan into Pwo, 32 years after "Hōkūle‘a's" launching, in recognition of their mastery of Micronesian non-instrument navigation as taught by Mau Piailug. This reference adds that the Pwo ceremony had not been conducted in fifty years, whereas Pwo suggests this was the first Pwo in fifty-six years] To enable the voyage, the Polynesian Voyaging Society recruited the Satawalese Master Navigator Mau Piailug [of the Weriyeng school in the Caroline Islands () ] to share his knowledge of non-instrument navigation. While up to six Micronesian navigators still used these traditional methods as of the mid-1970s, [cite news
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2006/Nov/14/ln/FP611140354.html
title=New Canoe a Tribute to Piailug
last=Gordon
first=Mike
date=14 November 2006
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06 Mentions the 1969 death of the last recognized Polynesian navigator and existence of only six Micronesian non-instrument navigators due to younger seafarers' adoption of GPS and outboard motors over the rigors of learning ancestral non-instrument means of navigating sailing canoes.] only Mau was willing to share his knowledge with the Polynesians.

Mau, who "barely spoke English," realized that by reaching beyond his own culture, through sharing what had been closely-guarded knowledge, he could possibly save it from loss. Through his collaboration with the Polynesian Voyaging Society, Mau's mentorship has helped "spark pride in the Hawaiian and Polynesian culture," leading to "a renaissance of voyaging, canoe building, and non-instrument navigation that has continued to grow, spreading across Polynesia (

Since the 1976 voyage to Tahiti and back, "Hōkūle‘a" has completed nine more voyages to destinations in Micronesia, Polynesia, Japan, Canada, and the United States, all using ancient wayfinding techniques of celestial navigation. Her most recent voyage began 19 January 2007, when "Hōkūle‘a" left Hawaiokinai with the voyaging canoe "Alingano Maisu" on a voyage through Micronesia ( in planning stages, to commence February 2011. [cite news
url=http://starbulletin.com/2008/03/16/news/story02.html
title=Hokuleokinaa Voyaging Could Go Worldwide
last=Gima
first=Craig
coauthors=with photos by Cindy Ellen Russell and George F. Lee
date=2008-03-16
work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin, Vol. 13, Issue 76
publisher=Gannett Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-30]

When not on a voyage, "Hōkūle‘a" is moored at the Marine Education Training Center (METC) of Honolulu Community College in Honolulu Harbor.

List of voyages

^* Shown at first mention of the crew person's name, denotes this person has passed away according to Polynesian Voyaging Society website, or other source as noted. [ [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/ Polynesian Voyaging Society] website]

1976 Inaugural Voyage

"Hōkūle‘a", led by Captain Elia David Kuokinaualoha "Kawika" Kapahulehua^* and Navigator Pius Mau "Mau" Piailug, departed Honolua Bay, Maui, Hawaiokinai for Papeokinaete, Tahiti, as part of the celebration of the United States Bicentennial. Mau navigated the leg to Tahiti with only his traditional knowledge and skills while the return leg was navigated using modern methods and tools (compass, nautical charts, sextant, chronometer, dividers, parallel rulers, pencil, nautical almanac).

Legs of Inaugural Voyage

*Honolua Bay, Maui, Hawaiokinai (

1976 Crew to Tahiti

Navigator: Mau Piailug; Captain: "Kawika" Kapahulehua; Crew: Clifford Ah Mow, Milton "Shorty" Bertelmann, Ben R. Finney, Charles Tommy Holmes^*, Sam Kalalau, Boogie Kalama, Buffalo Keaulana, John Kruse, Douglas "Dukie" Kuahulu^*, David Henry Lewis^*, David B. K. "Dave" Lyman III^*, [Adamski, Mary. [http://starbulletin.com/2006/01/31/news/story07.html "Sea Captain Promoted Merchant Fleet Careers"] "Star Bulletin", Honolulu, 31 January 2006, retrieved 23 July 2008. Notes Dave Lyman's untimely death in 2006 unrelated to sailing on "Hōkūle‘a"] William "Billy" Richards, Rodo Tuku Williams^*.

*Papeokinaete, Tahiti, PYF – Hawaiokinai, USA: 5 July 1976 to 26 July 1976 [cite news
url=http://starbulletin.com/2006/07/07/special/story03.html
title="Hōkūle‘a" 30th Anniversary: The First Voyage
last=Unattributed
date=7 July 2006
work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin
publisher=Gannett Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 This source cites inaugural voyage's ending when "Hōkūle‘a" returned to Hawaiokinai on 26 July 1976; for return voyage's date of commencement, note the citation immediately following.] [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/colormap76.gif
title="Hōkūle‘a" 1976
last=Unattributed
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 Map of voyage mentions "Hōkūle‘a" 1976 return leg length of 22 days.]

1976 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Navigator: James "Kimo" Lyman; Captain: "Kawika" Kapahulehua; Crew: Abraham "Snake" Ah Hee, Andy Espirto^*, Mel Kinney, Francis Kainoa Lee, Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa, Leonard Puputauiki, Penny Rawlins, Keani Reiner^*, Charles Nainoa "Nainoa" Thompson, Maka'ala Yates, Ben Young.

1977 Kealaikahiki Project

In English, the Hawaiian "Ke ala i kahiki" means "the path to Tahiti." The "Kealaikahiki Project" recreated the traditional Kealaikahiki Point departure of ancient voyages to Tahiti.cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/PDF/kealaikahiki.pdf
title=Kealaikahiki: The Tradition
last=Piokinaianaiokinaa
first=Gordon
work=Polynesian Seafaring Heritage
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20] Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa's idea to recreate the traditional departures took "Hōkūle‘a" southeast, across Kealaikahiki Channel between Lānaokinai and Kahookinaolawe Islands, past Kealaikahiki Point, into the okinaAlenuihāhā Channel and the northeast trade winds. The object was to determine whether "Hōkūle‘a", departing from west of the 1976 Honolua Bay, Maui, departure point, would bisect the more easterly 1976 voyage track, and so likely reach Tahiti were she to continue. After heading south for two days, "Hōkūle‘a" did not bisect the 1976 voyage track, but likely would have further south than anticipated. She came about and returned to Hawaiokinai. The traditional departure point would be used for subsequent sailings to Tahiti.cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1992/rarotonga.html
title=1992 Voyage: Sail to Rarotonga
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
work=No Nā Mamo: For the Children
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-11 The writer mentions Piokinaianaiokinaa's 1977 voyage in his article on the 1992 voyage.] [cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/PVSA/primary/76-77%20events/77%20kealaikahiki.htm
title="Hōkūle‘a" Test Voyage Backs Channel Theory
last=Bakutis
first=Bunky
date=8 April 1977
work=The Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Persis Corporation
pages=A-6
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-11 The article appears alongside others on the same topic on a scanned page which aggregates them.]

Legs of Kealaikahiki Project

*Honolulu, Ookinaahu – Manele Bay, Lānaokinai – Kealaikahiki Point, Kahookinaolawe, Hawaiokinai (

Crew for Kealaikahiki Project

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Dave Lyman; Crew: Teené Froiseth, Sam Kaokinaai, Sam Kalalau, John Kruse, "Kimo" Lyman, Jerome "Jerry" Muller, Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa, Norman Piokinaianaiokinaa, Michael A. Tongg^*, Makaokinaala Yatescite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/secondary/Crew%20Lists/crew-1976-80.htm
title=1977 - Kealaikahiki
last=Unattributed
work=Polynesian Voyaging Society Archives - Secondary Source Information - Crew List
publisher=Kamehameha Schools Archives
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20 This document includes Bret Berber and Boogie Kalama as crew on the Kealaikahiki Project, whereas does not.]

1978 Tahiti Voyage

A second voyage to Tahiti was aborted when "Hōkūle‘a" capsized [cite news
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/PVSA/primary%202/78-80%20events/78%20capsizing.htm
title="Hōkūle‘a" capsizes; 2 copters shuttle crew here; 1 missing
last=Polhemus
first=David
date=3 March 1978
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-16 Retrieved from Kamehameha Schools archives of Polynesian Voyaging Society activities.] and swamped in high wind and seas southwest of the Island of Molokaokinai, five hours after departing Honolulu's Ala Wai Harbor. The crew hung on to the swamped canoe through the night. Flares launched were unseen by passing aircraft, the emergency radio reached no help. By mid-morning, with no sign of imminent rescue and the swamped canoe drifting farther from land, Eddie Aikau, a North Shore, Ookinaahu, lifeguard of the year, 1977 Duke Kahanamoku champion and big-wave surfer, valiantly attempted to paddle a surfboard convert|12|-|15|mi|km to Lānaokinai for help. About nine hours later, flares launched by the crew were spotted by a Hawaiian Airlines flight which circled "Hōkūle‘a" and radioed the United States Coast Guard ("USCG"). Half an hour later, a USCG search and rescue helicopter was hovering overhead; "Hōkūle‘a" crew was rescued. The following morning, the USCG Cape Corwin towed the vessel, from 22 miles southwest of Lāokinaau Point, Molokaokinai, back to Honolulu. Despite intensive land, air and sea search, Eddie Aikau was never seen again. "Hōkūle‘a" carries a in his memory. Future voyages will be accompanied by an escort vessel.cite book
last=Finney
first=Ben
title=Sailing in the Wake of Ancestors: Reviving Polynesian Voyaging
publisher=Bishop Museum Press
location=Honolulu
pages=168
isbn=1-58178-025-7
accessdate=2008-08-15
language=en-US]

Legs of 1978 Tahiti Voyage

*Ala Wai Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaiokinai, USA – Papeokinaete, Tahiti, PYF: 16 March 1978 to 18 March 1978 (recovery followed by USCG investigation)cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/PVSA/PDF/78%20coast%20guard%20inquiry.pdf
title=61' S/Catamaran "Hokule‘a", O.N. 571798; Investigation into the Swamping [rest deleted]
last=Franseen
first=R.A.
work=Report of Investigation, Commander, 14th Coast Guard District
publisher=United States Coast Guard
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-16 Retrieved from cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/PVSA/primary%202/Default.php
title=1978 - Voyage to Tahiti - Analysis: Coast Guard Fact Finding
last=Unattributed
work=Kamehameha Schools Archives: Polynesian Voyaging Society Archives, Set 2: 1978 - 1984
publisher=Kamehameha Schools
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-16]

1978 Crew to Tahiti

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Dave Lyman; First Mate: Leon Paoa Sterling; "Snake" Ah Hee, Edward Ryan Makua Hanai "Eddie" Aikau^*, Charman Akina, M.D., Wedemeyer Au, Bruce Blankenfeld, Kilila Hugho, Sam Kaokinaai, John Kruse, Marion Lyman, [Now Marion Lyman-Mersereau] Buddy McGuire, Norman Piokinaianaiokinaa, Curt Sumida, Teikiheokinaepo "Tava" Taupu.cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1978.html
title=Voyage to Tahiti Cancelled After Canoe Swamping - 1978
last=Unattributed
work=Voyages: From 1976
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-16]

1980 Tahiti Voyage

Nainoa Thompson recreated the 1976 voyage to Tahiti to become the first Native Hawaiian in modern times to navigate a canoe thousands of miles without instruments. His mentor, Mau Piailug, sailed as observer. After 29 days at sea, before sighting Mataiva on the way to Tahiti, Mau offered Nainoa only one correction; this was of Nainoa's interpretation of sighting a land-based seabird in mid-morning flight. Such birds generally fly seaward for food at morning and return to land in the evening. While it can usually be assumed that land lies opposite the birds' morning flight direction, this bird spotted mid-morning (during nesting season), carried a fish in its beak. [Nainoa explains (in Kawaharada, "Wayfinding, or Non-Instrument Navigation," in "Education and Archive Site: Wayfinding Section", op. cit.) Mau had not previously shared this detail in his instruction. The delicacy of Mau's signal reading demonstrates the navigator's intimate connection to his environment.] This detail suggested to Mau that the bird's morning flight was not away from land but toward it. The bird was not flying seaward to find more fish, but rather, was returning to land, to feed its young. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/navigate/navigate.html
title=Wayfinding, or Non-Instrument Navigation
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
work=Education and Archive Site: Wayfinding Section
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-29 Dennis Kawaharada quotes Nainoa Thompson sharing knowledge of how to read birds for navigation, learned from Mau.] Leading up to the voyage, an extensive, formal crew training program helped to insure that the voyage would be as safe as possible. [cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/PDF/79%20training%20program.pdf
title=Syllabus materials
last=Unattributed
date=1979
work=Hokule‘a Training Program
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools Archives and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20] Escort boat "Ishka" followed for safety. [cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/primary%202/78-80%20events/80escort.htm
title=Communications and Electronic Safety Measures Taken for your Voyage to Tahiti and Back
last=Unattributed
date=1980-02-09
work=Polynesian Voyaging Society Archives
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools Archives and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20 Documents use of escort boat and some of the safety measures implemented for the 1980 voyage.] cite book
last=Kyselka
first=Will
title=An Ocean in Mind
publisher=University of Hawaii Press
date=October 1987
edition=1st ed.
series=Kolowalu Books
isbn=0824811127
language=en-US] cite news
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/primary%202/78-80%20events/1980%20Tahitian%20welcome.htm
title=Tahitians welcome "Hokule‘a"
last=Hollis
first=Robert
date=1980-04-17
work=The Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Persis Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20]

Legs of 1980 Tahiti Voyage

*Hilo, Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Papeokinaete, Tahiti, Society Islands, PYF: 15 March 1980 to 17 April 1980

1980 Crew to Tahiti

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa; Chad Kalepa Baybayan, "Shorty" Bertelmann, Harry Ho, Sam Kaokinaai, Michael "Buddy" McGuire, Marion Lyman-Mersereau, Mau Piailug, Steve Somsen, Jo Anne Sterling, Leon Paoa Sterling, "Tava" Taupu; Patrick Koon Hung Piokinaimauna Charles "Pat" Aiu, MD^* [cite news
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2002/Oct/31/ln/ln43a.html
title=Kauaokinai's Dr. Patrick Aiu was Hokuleokinaa voyager
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2002-10-31
work=The Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20]

*Papeokinaete, Tahiti, PYF – Honolulu, Hawaiokinai, USA: 13 May 1980 to 6 June 1980 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/finney80.html
title=Voyaging into Polynesia's Past; Hawaiokinai to Tahiti and Return: 1980
last=Finney
first=Ben
work=1980 Voyage Homepage
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20]

1980 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa; Wedemeyer Au, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Kainoa Lee, "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Steven Somsen, Leon Paoa Sterling, Michael Tongg, Nathan Wong

1985 - 1987 Voyage of Rediscovery

"For voyages across the International Date Line, dates shown below are standardized on Hawai‘i time."

In the "Voyage of Rediscovery," "Hōkūle‘a" traveled a total distance of convert|12000|mi|km to destinations throughout Polynesia. [Ben Finney, et al., "Voyage of Rediscovery", op. cit. p. 96.] [cite book
last=Finney
first=Ben
title=Voyaging into Polynesia's Past
publisher=Massey University
location=Palmerston North, New Zealand
date=1992
series=From Sea to Space (The Macmillan Brown Memorial Lectures 1989)
pages=pp. 5-65
isbn=0908665598
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/finney85.html
language=en-US Dr. Finney gives a short account of the Voyage of Rediscovery.] Inviting fellow Polynesians to join the crew on legs of the voyage extended "Hōkūle‘a's" success in revitalizing interest in Polynesian culture. For instance, professional Tongan sea captain Sione Taupeamuhu was aboard during a night passage from Tongatapu to Nomuka in the northerly Haokinaapai Islands group of Tonga (). He was skeptical that "Hōkūle‘a" navigator Nainoa Thompson could find Nomuka without instruments. When Nomuka appeared on the horizon at dawn as anticipated, Taupeamuhu remarked, "Now I can believe the stories of my ancestors." [Finney, et. al., "Voyage of Rediscovery", op. cit., p. 120.] "Dorcas" and "Maalaea" served as escort vessels.

Legs of Voyage of Rediscovery

*Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Papeokinaete, Society Islands, PYF: 10 July 1985 to 11 August 1985 [cite book
last=Finney, et al.
title=Voyage of Rediscovery
pages=op. cit., pp. 327-329] [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1985.html
title=Voyage of Rediscovery: 1985-87
last=Unattributed
work=Voyage of Rediscovery
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-04 This page lists crew for all legs of the Voyage of Rediscovery and directs readers to further resources.]

1985 Crew to Tahiti

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: Clay Bertelmann^*, Dennis Chun, Richard Tai Crouch, Harry Ho, Dr. Larry Magnussen, "Buddy" McGuire, Mau Piailug, Thomas Reity (Satawal), James Shizuru, "Tava" Taupu

*Papeokinaete, Tahiti, PYF – Rarotonga, COK (

1985 Crew to Rarotonga

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Karim Cowan (Tahiti), Bob Krauss, John Kruse, Vic Lipman, Mel Paoa, Mau Piailug, Abraham Piokinaianaiokinaa, Chad Piokinaianaiokinaa, Michael Tongg, Andrew Tutai (Cook Islands), Peter Sepelalur (Satawal), Leon Paoa Sterllng, Puaniho Tauotaha (Tahiti), Cliff Watson. (Bob Krauss, journalist; Karim Cowan, and Puaniho Tauotaha were crew members only from Tahiti to Raokinaiatea)

*Rarotonga, COK – Waitangi, North Island, NZL (

1985 Crew to Waitangi

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson;cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/nainoa85.html
title=(Account of the Voyage to Waitangi)
last=Thompson
first=Nainoa
work=The Voyage of Rediscovery
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-26 Nainoa's moving account of this voyage which reconnected Māori and Hawaiian with their ancestral history.] Captain and 1st Watch Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; 2nd Watch Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; 3rd Watch Captain: "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas); Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Stanley Conrad (New Zealand), Dr. Ben Finney, Harry Ho, "Buddy" McGuire, "Billy" Richards, James Shizuru, Michael Tongg

*Waitangi, NZL – Nukuokinaalofa, Tongatapu Island, Kingdom of TGA : 1 May 1986 to 11 May 1986

1986 Crew to Nukuokinaalofa

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Carlos Andrade, Chad Baybayan, Philip Ikeda, John Keolanui, "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Scott Sullivan, Michael Tongg, Sione Uaine Ula (Tonga)

*Nukuokinaalofa, TGA – Pago Pago, Tutuila Island, ASM (

1986 Crew to Pago Pago

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Carlos Andrade, Gilbert Ane, Gail Evenari (California), Chad Baybayan, Hector Busby (New Zealand), Philip Ikeda, Sam Kaokinaai, John Keolanui, "Kimo" Lyman, Mau Piailug, Scott Sullivan, Jo Anne Sterling, Sione Taupeamuhu (Tonga), Michael Tongg, Sione Uaine Ula (Tonga)

*Ofu Island, ASM – Aitutaki, COK: 7 July 1986 to 16 July 1986

1986 Crew to Aitutaki

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: Clay Bertelmann, Harry Ho, Pauahi Ioane, Bernard Kilonsky, Ben Lindsey, Mel Paoa, Mau Piailug, Tua Pittman (Cook Islands), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas)

*Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 10 August 1986 to 11 August 1986

1986 Crew to Rarotonga

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Dede Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Wally" Froseith, Pauahi Ioane, "Jerry" Muller, Mau Piailug, Tua Pittman (Rarotonga), Reo Tuiravakai (Aitutaki), Raukete Tuiravakai (Aitutaki)

*Rarotonga, COK – Tautira, Tahiti Iti, Society Islands, PYF: 12 August 1986 to 21 August 1986

1986 Crew to Tautira

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Wallace "Wally" Froiseth, Harry Ho, Glen Oshiro, Mau Piailug, Richard Rhodes, Michael Tongg, Aaron Young

*Tautira – Papeokinaete, Tahiti Nui – Tautira: 27 March 1987 to 29 March 1987

1987 Crew to Papeokinaete and return

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: U.S. Senator Daniel Akaka, Chad Baybayan; "Wally" Froiseth, Harry Ho, Kilo Kaina, Michele Kapana, Will Kyselka, Russell Mau, Honolulu City Councilman Arnold Morgado; Abraham Piokinaianaiokinaa, Tutaha Salmon (Tahiti), Cary Sneider (California), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas), Michael Tongg, Aaron Young. Senator Akaka and Councilman Morgado joined the crew in Papeokinaete.

*Tautira, Tahiti Iti, Society Islands – Rangiroa Atoll, Tuamotus (

1987 Crew to Rangiroa

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew; Chad Baybayan, Clay Bertelmann, "Wally" Froiseth, Rey Jonsson, Solomon Kahookinaohalahala, Will Kyselka, Charles Larson, Mel Paoa, Cary Sneider (California), "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Clifford Watson, Dr. Nathan Wong, Elisa Yadao, Aaron Young

*Rangiroa, Tuamotus, PYF – Kualoa, Ookinaahu (.

1987 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Captain: "Shorty" Bertelmann; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Dr. Pat Aiu, Chad Baybayan, Bruce Blankenfeld, Stanley Conrad (New Zealand), Eni Hunkin (Samoa), Tua Pittman (Cook Islands), Dixon Stroup, Puaniho Tauotaha (Tahiti), Sione Taupeamuhu (Tonga), "Tava" Taupu (Marquesas), Michael Tongg, Clifford Watson, Elisa Yadao

1992 No Nā Mamo

"Hōkūle‘a" sailed to Tahiti, Raokinaiatea, and on to Rarotonga for the Sixth [cite web
url=http://www.spc.int/Culture/festival_92.htm
title=1992 Festival of Pacific Arts, Cook Islands
last=Griffiths
first=Rhonda
work=Festivals of Pacific Arts
publisher=Secretariat of the Pacific Community
language=en-GB
accessdate=2008-08-25] Festival of Pacific Arts, [ [http://www.pacartsas.com/festival/history.htm Overview of the Festival of Pacific Arts] which brings together cultures from across the Pacific every four years.] then, via Tahiti, sailed back to Hawaiokinai. This voyage, known as "No Nā Mamo," or "For the Children"," was designed to train a new generation of voyagers to sail "Hōkūle‘a", to share values and knowledge of voyaging, and to celebrate the revival of canoe building and non-instrument navigation. The voyage included an educational component where Hawaiian students could track the progress of the canoe through daily radio reports. [ [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1992.html "No Nā Mamo"] on "Polynesian Voyaging Society" web site, retrieved on 9 August 2008.] "Kama Hele" escorted the voyage. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Wallace-Nov.15-30.html
title=Journal of Wallace Wong: Rarotonga to Hawaiokinai, November 16-30, 1992
last=Wong
first=Wallace
work=No Nā Mamo: For the Children
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-08]

Legs of No Nā Mamo

*Honaunau,cite news
url=http://starbulletin.com/2006/07/07/special/hokulea.pdf#page=2
title=Hokule'a 30th Anniversary
last=Kubota
first=Gary T.
date=7 July 2006
work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin; Hokule'a 30th Anniversary Special Section
publisher=Oahu Publications, Inc.
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-28 On p.2, the section on the 1992 voyage notes the Honaunau departure.] Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Papeokinaete, Tahiti, Society Islands, PYF: 17 June 1992 to 15 July 1992 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1992/hitahiti.html
title=1992 Voyage: Hawai‘i to Tahiti
last=Chun
first=Dennis
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-04 Provides narrative about first leg of "No Na Mamo" and biographical information on key crew members.]

1992 Crew to Tahiti

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Co-navigator; "Shorty" Bertelmann, Co-navigator; Clay Bertelmann, Captain; Nailima Ahuna, Fisherman; Dennis J. Chun, Historian; Maulili Dixon, Cook; Kainoa Lee; Liloa Long; Jay Pailiki; Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon; Ben Tamura, M.D.; "Tava" Taupu

*Papeokinaete – Raokinaiatea: 10 September 1992 to 16 September 1992 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1992/raiatea.html
title=1992 Voyage: Sail to Ra'iatea
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
work=No Na Mamo Voyage to Ra'iatea and Rarotonga
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-04 A narrative of the voyage by Communications crew Kawaharada.]

1992 Crew to Raokinaiatea

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Navigator; Keahi Omai, Navigator; "Billy" Richards, Captain; Gilbert Ane; John Eddy, Film Documentation; Clement "Tiger" Espere^*; Brickwood Galuteria, Communications; Harry Ho; Sol Kahoohalahala; Dennis Kawaharada, Communications; Reggie Keaunui; Keone Nunes, Oral Historian; Eric Martinson; Nalani Minton, Traditional Medicine; Esther Mookini, Hawaiian Language; Mel Paoa; Cliff Watson, Film Documentation; Nathan Wong, M.D.

*Raokinaiatea, Society Islands, PYF – Mauke, COK – Aitutaki – Rarotonga: 20 September 1992 to 16 October 1992

1992 Crew to Rarotonga

Crew: Nainoa Thompson, Sailing master; Chad Baybayan, Navigator; Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa, Captain; Moana Doi, Photo Documentation; John Eddy, Film Documentation; Ben Finney, Scholar; "Wally" Froseith, Watch Captain; Brickwood Galuteria, Communications; Harry Ho; Kaokinaau McKenney; Keahi Omai; Keone Nunes, Oral Historian; "Billy" Richards, Watch Captain; Cliff Watson, Film DocumentationCook Islands Additional Crew: Clive Baxter (Aitutaki); Tura Koronui (Atiu); Dorn Marsters (Aitutaki); Tua Pittman (Rarotonga); Nga Pouokinaaokinao (Mitiaro); Maokinaara Tearaua (Mangaia); Peokinaia Tuaokinaati (Mauke)

*Rarotonga, COK – Papeokinaete, Tahiti, Society Islands, PYF – Honaunau, Hawaiokinai Island, USA: 26 October 1992 to 1 December 1992 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/1992/voyhome.html
title=1992: The Voyage Home
last=Kawaharada
first=Dennis
work=No Na Mamo Voyage to Ra‘iatea and Rarotonga
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-04]

1992 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Co-navigators: Bruce Blankenfeld, "Kimo" Lyman; Captain: Michael Tongg; Sailing Master: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captain and Cook: "Snake" Ah Hee; Watch Captain: Aaron Young; Ship's Doctor: Pat Aiu, M.D; Historian: Carlos Andrade; Fisherman: Terry Hee; Communications: Scott Sullivan; Crew: Archie Kalepa, Suzette Smith, Wallace Wong, Gary Yuen

1995 Nā okinaOhana Holo Moana

1995 Spring voyage segment

In the spring, "Hōkūle‘a", along with sister ships "Hawai‘iloa" and "Makali‘i", sailed from Hawaiokinai to Tahiti. They participated in a gathering of voyaging canoes from across Oceania at nearby Marae Taputapuatea, Raokinaiatea, which led to the lifting of a six-centuries-old tapu on voyaging from Raokinaiatea, [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/awarua.html
title=Sin at Awarua
last=Finney
first=Ben
work=1995 Voyage to Nukuhiva in the Marquesas Islands
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05] then all the canoes returned to Tahiti, sailed to Nuku Hiva in the Marquesas, then on to Hawaiokinai. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/colormap95.gif
title=Map of 1995 Na okinaOhana Holo Moana Voyage
last=Unattributed
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07] This was only the first part of a voyage spanning spring and summer known as "Nā okinaOhana Holo Moana," or "The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean." [cite book
last=Finney
first=Ben
title=Sailing in the Wake of Ancestors
publisher=Bishop Museum Press
location=Honolulu
date=2003
isbn=1-58178-024-7] [cite web
url=http://mediahost.tni.pf/ica/flv/20062162FLV.flv
title=Meeting at Taputapuatea, 1995
last=Louvat
first=Marc
work=A Fano Ra - Navigation Ancestrale
publisher=Institut de la Communication Audiovisuelle - Polynésie française
language=fra, portions in en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 This is 20MB Flash video of the 1995 ceremony at Taputapuatea marae.] "Hōkūle‘a" was escorted by "Gershon II" under Steve Kornberg; "Rizaldar", under Randy Wichman, also escorted.

Legs of Nā okinaOhana Holo Moana, spring

*Hilo, Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Papeokinaete, Tahiti, Society Islands, PYF: 11 February 1995 to 4 March 1995cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana2-5.html
title=Departure from Hawaiokinai (Feb 3-11)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Nā okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07]

1995 Crew to Tahiti

Sailing Master: Nainoa Thompson; Navigators: Kaokinaau McKenney, Keahi Omai; Crew: Shantell Ching, Junior Coleman, Catherine Fuller, Harry Ho, Mau Piailug, Sesario Sewralur (son of Mau Piailug), Ben Tamura, MD; "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Kamaki Worthington. After "Hōkūle‘a" sighted Tikehau on 2 March 1995, Navigators Kaokinaau McKenney and Keahi Omai turned over navigation to their apprentices, Junior Coleman and Sesario Sewralur, who guided the vessel to landfall in Papeokinaete, Tahiti. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana2-26.html
title=Landfall Tahiti (Feb. 27- Mar. 5)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Na okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07]

*Tautira, Tahiti – Fare, Huahine – Marae Taputapuatea, Raokinaiatea – Tahaokinaa – Tautira, Tahiti: 16 March 1995 to 24 March 1995 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana3-7.html
title=Ceremonies at Taputapuatea, Raokinaiatea (Mar. 7-29)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Na okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-08]

1995 Crew to Tautira

This crew may be the same as on the previous leg, but this is speculation.

*Tautira, Tahiti, Society Islands – Taiohae Bay, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands: 6 April 1995 to 15 April 1995 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana4-5.html
title=To Nukuhiva, Marquesas Islands (April 15-18)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Na okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-08 Documents dates of departure from Tautira and arrival at Taiohae Bay.]

1995 Crew to Nuku Hiva

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan;

*Taiohae Bay, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas, PYF – Hilo, Hawaiokinai Island, USA: 20 April 1995 to 7 May 1995 [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana5-3.html
title=Welcome Back to Hawaiokinai (May 3-14)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Na okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07] cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/Ohana4-20.html
title=Sailing for Hawaiokinai (Apr. 20-May 2)
last=Unattributed
work=Spring 1995: Na okinaOhana Holo Moana
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07]

1995 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan; Co-assistant navigators: Moana Doi, Piokinaikea Miller; Watch Captains: "Snake" Ah Hee, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg; Medical Officer: Mel Paoa; Fisherman and Teacher: Nainoa Thompson; Cook: Gary Yuen; Crew: Clyde Aikau, Sam Pautu, Mau Piailug, Sesario Sewralur, Gary Suzukicite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/secondary/Crew%20Lists/crew-nukuhiva.htm
title=Crew List 1995 Nuku Hiva
last=Unattributed
work=The Polynesian Voyaging Society Archives
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-26 This source shows Kainoa Lee as crew on "Hōkūle‘a" while the PVS website shows him as a watch captain, not on "Hōkūle‘a", but rather, on "Hawai‘iloa".]

1995 Summer voyage segment

In the summer: "Hōkūle‘a" and "Hawai‘iloa" sailed the West Coast of the United States. Both vessels were shipped from Hawaiokinai to Seattle, Washington, after which they sailed to Vancouver, British Columbia. They visited intermediate ports, often where local American Indian tribes hosted them to a dinner and gift exchange. From Vancouver, "Hawai‘iloa" sailed as far north as Haines, Alaska. ["Hawai‘iloa" was built of traditional materials, with the sponsorship of the Bishop Museum's Native Hawaiian Culture and Arts Program in response to the "Hōkūle‘a" voyages' revival of interest in Native Hawaiian culture. But no healthy koa trees large enough for her hulls could be found in Hawaiokinai's forests. This dilemma led to action to help Hawaiokina's environment including planting koa seedlings for future generations, because traditional Hawaiian culture and Hawaiokinai's environment interdepend. (See Sam Low, [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/malama/sacredforest7.html "Sacred Forests"] on Polynesian Voyaging Society web site, retrieved 07 August 2008 quoting Nainoa Thompson about "Mālama Hawaiokinai") So, to build "Hawai‘iloa" without having to wait several centuries for the koa to grow, the Polynesian Voyaging Society accepted a gift of two enormous 400-year old Sitka spruce logs from the forests of the Tsimshian, Haida, and Tlingit Native Alaskans. "Hawai‘iloa's" voyage through Southeast Alaska was to thank these people for their kindness and to recognize their contribution to Hawaiian native culture (See [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/alaskabackground.html "Northwest-Alaska 1995 Home"] on Polynesian Voyaging Society web site, retrieved 7 August 2008)] "Hōkūle‘a" sailed south to San Diego via Portland, Oregon, and the California ports of San Francisco, Santa Barbara, and Long Beach. The voyaging canoes were shipped back to Hawaiokinai: "Hōkūle‘a" from San Pedro; "Hawai‘iloa" from Seattle. This summer part of the voyage promoted cultural and educational exchanges with Hawaiians (some of whom had never been to Hawaiokinai), Native Americans, and other people living on the United States West Coast.

Legs of Nā okinaOhana Holo Moana, summer

*Stops in the Puget Sound and Straits of Georgia and Juan de Fuca area: cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/primary%204/95%20Vevents/95westcoast.htm
title=Voyaging Schedule for the West Coast Trip of the Hokuleokinaa Voyaging Canoe
last=Unattributed
work=Polynesian Voyaging Society Archives
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25]
#Pier 57, Seattle, Washington, USA: 19 May 1995 to 26 May 1995
"Hōkūle‘a" crew participated in National Maritime Week festivities and shared a dinner hosted by the Muckleshoot, Puyallup, Suquamish nations and Wayfinders of the Pacific.cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/alaskawestcoast.html
title=The Northwest-Alaska and West Coast Tours
last=Unattributed
work=Summer 1995: Northwest-Alaska and West Coast Tours
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07]
#Golden Gardens, Shilshole Bay: 27 May 1995 to 28 May 1995
A potlatch with First Nations was shared with hookinaolauleokinaa (celebration); "Hōkūle‘a" supported the Polynesian Youth Games hosted by Seattle Parks and Recreation
#Chinook Landing Marina, Puyallup Nation, Tacoma: 28 May 1995 to 1 June 1995
As well as sharing educational outreach and cultural exchange, crew shared in a luau.
#Suquamish Reservation: 1 June 1995 to 2 June 1995
#Lummi Nation, Bellingham: 3 June 1995 to 4 June 1995
#Squalicum Harbor, Bellingham: 5 June 1995
#Swinomish Reservation, Skagit, Washington, USA: 6 June 1995
#Vancouver Maritime Museum, Vancouver, British Columbia, CAN: 7 June 1995 to 8 June 1995
Exchange with the Assembly of First Nations
#Makah Nation, Neah Bay, Washington, USA: 9 June 1995 to 11 June 1995

*Neah Bay – Portland, Oregon: 12 June 1995 to 15 June 1995; then "Hōkūle‘a" was towed up the Columbia River to:
#Kalama, Washington where crew shared a dinner with Kalama okinaOhana: 16 June 1995
#Fort Vancouver, Washington public dock where "Hōkūle‘a" was part of a festival and the rededication of Kanaka Village: [cite web
url=http://www.nps.gov/fova/historyculture/introduction-to-the-village.htm
title=Introduction to the Village
last=Unattributed
date=2006-08-02
work=Fort Vancouver National Historic Site
publisher=United States National Park Service
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-06 About Kanaka Village.] 17 June 1995 to 20 June 1995

*Portland, Oregon – San Francisco, California: 21 June 1995 to 29 June 1995, to:
#Hyde Street Pier arrival for 1 July 1995 welcoming ceremony and festival at Crissy Field, 2 July 1995 Long Boat Regatta on the bay, Hawaiian music concert and Polynesian festival at Lawrence Hall of Science.

*San Francisco – Santa Barbara: 3 July 1995 to 9 July 1995 for:
#Santa Barbara Harbor Marina: 10 July 1995 to 11 July 1995, interchange with the Santa Barbara Outrigger Canoe Club, Cousteau Institute, and the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History

*Santa Barbara – Long Beach: 11 July 1995 to 12 July 1995, for interchange with:
#Gabrieleño/Tongva Tribal Council, Kalifornia Outrigger Association, Hawaiian Civic Clubs, the Rapa Nui Outrigger Club, [cite web
url=http://www.netaxs.com/~trance/outrig.html
title=Mata Hoe Vaka Kahu Kahu O Hera Rapa Nui
last=Brookman|first=David Y.
date=2007
work=Easter Island Home Page (http://www.netaxs.com/~trance/rapanui.html)
publisher=David Y. Brookman
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-08] and the City of Long Beach, on 12 July 1995;
#A two-day symposium with scholars, scientists, and master artisans called "Century of the Pakipika", 13 July 1995 to 14 July 1995;
#A Hawaiian and Pacific Island Festival with teachers' workshops, the annual Long Beach Hookinaolauleokinaa Canoe Regatta and a farewell dinner and ceremonies, 13 July 1995 to 19 July 1995

*Long Beach – San Diego: 20 July 1995, where at:
#Embarcadero, San Diego, there was a welcoming ceremony, 22 July 1995,
#A Hawaiian and Pacific Islands festival, and an exhibition, called:
#"Hale Naua", or "Turning Back the Sky," at the San Diego Museum of Man, 23 July 1995 to 25 July 1995

*San Diego – San Pedro: 26 July 1995 to 28 July 1995; from San Pedro, "Hōkūle‘a" returned to Hawaiokinai by ship, courtesy of Alexander & Baldwin Foundation and Matson.

1995 Crew to San Pedro

Captains: Gordon Piokinaianaiokinaa, "Kimo" Lyman, Michael Tongg, Chad Baybayan; Crew: Moana Doi

1999 - 2000 Closing the Triangle

"Hōkūle‘a" sailed from Hawaiokinai to Rapa Nui (Easter Island) and back, via the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Rapamapkey.gif
title=A Voyage to Rapa Nui (map)
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-24 A map of the voyage showing projected and actual gps positions.] While in the Marquesas, short trips were made between principal islands of the group (). [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Marquesasinter99.gif
title=Isles of Hiva (The Marquesas)
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Nuku Hiva: Leg 2: Nukuhiva to Mangareva
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-24] A brief stop was made at Pitcairn Island on the Mangareva – Rapa Nui leg. A technically challenging voyage due to Rapa Nui's isolation and location 900 miles upwind;cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Nukuhivafixes.html
title=Voyage to the Marquesas: June 15 – July 14
last=Unattributed
work=Closing the Triangle: A Quest for Rapa Nui
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25] it is known as "Closing the Triangle" because it takes the canoe to the southeastern Pacific for the first time. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/rapaintro.html
title=Closing the Triangle: A Quest for Rapa Nui
last=Unattributed
date=1999-07-23
work=Voyages: From 1976
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-30] "Kama Hele" escorted the voyage.

Legs of Closing the Triangle

*Hilo, Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, PYF: 15 June 1999 to 13 July 1999cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanuiback.html
title=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
last=Unattributed
work=Voyages: From 1976
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25 This page gives arrival and departure dates for all the passages of this voyage.] cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Tonukuhiva.html
title=Leg 1: Hawaiokinai to Nukuhiva
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-24]

1999 Crew to Nuku Hiva

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Apprentice Navigator: Piokinaikea Miller; Watch Captains: Dennis Chun, Terry Hee, Leon Paoa Sterling; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Desmon Antone, Darcy Attisani, Kekama Helm, Kaokinaau McKenney, Atwood Makanani, Hauokinaoli Smith, Wallace Wong

*Nuku Hiva – Ua Pou – Ua Huka – Tahuata – Fatu Hiva – Hiva Oa – Mangareva, Gambier Islands: 2 August 1999 to 29 August 1999cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Tomangareva.html
title=Leg 2: Nukuhiva to Mangareva
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-24]

1999 Crew to Mangareva

Navigator and Captain: Chad Baybayan; Apprentice Navigators: Moana Doi, Catherine Fuller; Student Navigator: Aldon Kim; Watch Captains: Terry Hee, Mel Paoa, "Tava" Taupu; Protocol Officer: Kaniela Akaka; Crew: Tim Gilliom, Kealoha Hoe, Aeronwy Polo, Mona Shintani, Gary Suzuki, Nalani Wilson, Gary Yuen

*Mangareva, PYF – Pitcairn, PCN – Rapa Nui flagicon|Easter Island (Easter Island), Territory of CHL: 21 September 1999 to 9 October 1999

1999 Crew to Rapa Nui

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Navigtors: Bruce Blankenfeld, Chad Baybayan; Medical Officer: Ben Tamura, MD; Photographer and Videographer: Sonny Ahuna; Crew: Shantell Ching, Terry Hee, Mel Paoa, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Max Yarawamai, Aaron Youngcite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Torapanui.html
title=Leg 3: Mangareva to Rapa Nui
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25]

*Rapa Nui flagicon|Easter Island (Easter Island), Territory of CHL – Tahiti, PYF: 9 November 1999 to 3 December 1999

1999 Crew to Tahiti

Navigator: Bruce Blankenfeld; Captain: "Wally" Froiseth; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Bob Bee, Blane Chong, Dennis Chun, Terry Hee, Nalani Kaneakua, Kawika Crivello, Kealoha Hoe, "Kimo" Lyman, Kawai Warren, Kamaki Worthingtoncite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/Totahiti.html
title=Leg 4: Rapa Nui to Tahiti
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25]

*Tahiti, PYF – Kaunakakai, Molokaokinai, Hawaiokinai, USA: 5 February 2000 to 27 February 2000

2000 Crew to Hawaiokinai

Navigator: Nainoa Thompson; Navigator: Shantell Ching; Crew: "Snake" Ah Hee, Chad Baybayan, Pomaikalani "Pomai" Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, Sam Low, Joey Mallot, Kahualaulani Mick, Kaokinaiulani Murphy, Kauokinai Pelekane, "Tava" Taupu, Michael Tongg, Dr. Patrice Ming-Lei Tim Sing, Kona Woolseycite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/home2000/daily2000.html
title=Leg 5: Tahiti to Hawaiokinai
last=Unattributed
work=The Voyage to Rapa Nui 1999-2000
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-25]

2003 - 2004 Navigating Change project

In 2003, "Hōkūle‘a" sailed to Nihoa, the closest of the "Leeward," or scale), to set the stage [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/L3NWHI2004.html
title=Navigating Change: The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands 2003-2004
last=Unattributed
work=Voyages: From 1976
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-28] for the 2004 voyage to the furthest, most westerly of them, Kure Atoll. [ [http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/06/20060615-18.html "Establishment of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument" The White House, Washington, D.C.] On 15 June 2006, conservation of the area was furthered by the President's naming it as a U.S. National Monument] "Hōkūle‘a's" 2004 voyage, led by Nainoa Thompson, took the canoe through this area now known as the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument [cite press release
title = Secretary Kempthorne Joins Mrs. Laura Bush in Announcing Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument
publisher = U.S. Department of the Interior
date = 2007-03-02
url = http://www.interior.gov/news/07_News_Releases/070302.html
accessdate = 2008-08-28] to promote stewardship and awareness of this pristine area. "Hōkūle‘a" participated in an interagency initiative with this voyage named after it, called "Navigating Change." [cite web
url=http://hawaiireef.noaa.gov/education/NavChange.html
title=Navigating Change
last=Unattributed
date=2006-06-15
work=Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument
publisher=United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-06] Upon reaching the remote islands, the crew helped haul away hundreds of pounds of washed-up fishing nets which threatened Hawaiian monk seals and Hawaiian Green sea turtles and also helped with plant conservation. About 1,600 schoolchildren were linked to the vessel by daily satellite phone calls for which teachers prepared with curriculum guides, video and web resources. [cite web
url=http://www.fws.gov/Refuges/generalInterest/Hokule_070704.html
title="Hokule‘a" Voyages Through Hawaiian Islands NWR
last=Saul
first=Susan
publisher=U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-03 "Navigating Change" was more than the trip of a voyaging canoe; it was an initiative supported by US Fish & Wildlife Service, Polynesian Voyaging Society, Bishop Museum, NOAA, Hawai'i Department of Education, Hawai'i Department of Land and Natural Resources, Hawaiokinai Maritime Center, University of Hawaiokinai, The Nature Conservancy, Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council, Coastal Zone Management Hawaiokinai, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Harold K.L. Castle Foundation and the Pacfic American Foundation. Susan Saul includes some of these partners; others are found in: cite web
url=http://www.hawaiianatolls.org/teachers/curriculum/final/Intro_08rev_web.pdf
title=A Teacher's Guide to Navigating Change
last=O'Conner
first=Maura
coauthors=Lise Martel
date=June 2008
work=HawaiianAtolls.org
publisher=; Bishop Museum, Co-Trustees of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02 and in the Polynesian Voyaging Society's "Navigating Change: The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands 2003-2004", op.cit.] "Kama Hele" escorted the voyage.

2003 Legs of Navigating Change

*Ookinaahu – Kauaokinai: 7 September 2003 to ? [cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/secondary/Crew%20Lists/crew-2003-04%20NW%20Islands.htm
title=Crew List 2003-2004 Northwestern Islands Navigating Change
work=The Polynesian Voyaging Society Crew List
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-28]

2003 Crew to Kauaokinai

Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Crew: Carey Amimoto, Anela Benson, Leimomi Dierks, Timmy Gilliom, Kiki Hugho, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Jerry Muller, Dean Nikaido, Mel Paoa, Ronson Sahut, Jan TenBruggencate, Boyd Yap

*Kauaokinai – Nihoa: 9 September 2003 to ?

2003 Crew to Nihoa

Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Naokinaalehu Anthony, Bruce Blankenfeld, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Cindy Macfarlane, Mel Paoa, Jan TenBruggencate, Kana Uchino, Alex Wegman, Aulani Wilhelm

2004 Legs of Navigating Change

*Honolulu Harbor, Ookinaahu, Hawaiokinai – Hanalei Bay, Kauaokinai: 2 May 2004 to 3 May 2004 [cite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/May/03/ln/ln05a.html/?print=on
title=Recovering the seafaring tradition of Hawaiokinai
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004-05-03
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02 Navigation to Nihoa and Mokumanamana (Necker Island) was done using traditional methods. Reefs circling islands further northwest are too low to spot from a safe distance, so positions for the remaining part of the journey are cross-checked against gps for safety.]

2004 Crew to Kauaokinai, outbound leg

Navigator: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Captain: Russell Amimoto; Crew: Jan TenBruggencate,

*Hanalei Bay, Kauaokinai – Nihoa Island – Tern Island, French Frigate Shoals – Laysan Island – Lisianski Island – Pearl and Hermes Atoll – Green Island, Kure Atoll – Midway Atoll: 23 May 2004 to 9 June 2004 [cite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/May/24/ln/ln15a.html/?print=on/?print=on
title=After delays, "Hokule‘a" voyage finally begins
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004-05-24
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02] [cite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/Jun/07/ln/ln10a.html/?print=on
title=Northwest islands dotted with wrecks of old vessels
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004-06-07
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02]

2004 Crew to Midway

Navigator: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Sailing Master: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captain: Russell Amimoto; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Ann Bell; Leimomi Kekina Dierks, Randy Kosaki, Keoni Kuoha, Cherie Shehata, MD, "Tava" Taupu, Jan TenBruggencate, Kanako Uchino, Kaleo Wongcite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/hokulea/missionandcrew
title=Navigating Change: "Hokule‘a's" new mission, Mission and Crew
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004
work=The Honolulu Advertiser Special Report: The Other Hawai‘i, A Journey to the Northwest Hawaiian Islands with "Hokuleokinaa
publisher=Gannett Co
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-26]

*Midway Atoll – Kauaokinai: 11 June 2004 to 22 June 2004cite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/Jun/23/ln/ln14a.html/?print=on
title="Hokule‘a" prepares for passage into future
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004-06-23
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02 Cites date of return to Kauaokinai; note that the contemplated September 2004 trip to Palmyra Atoll, Christmas Island, and return to Hawaiokinai under navigator Kaokinaiulani Murphy and captain Russell Amimoto did not take place.]

2004 Crew to Kauaokinai, return leg

Navigator: Bruce Blankenfeld; Captain: Mel Paoa; Terry Hee, Kealoha Hoe, Nohea Kaiaokamalie, Keoni Kuoha, Kaokinaiulani Murphy, "Tava" Taupu, Mike Taylor, Gary Yuencite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/Jun/12/ln/ln10a.html/?print=on
title="Hokule‘a" begins trip home
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004-06-12
work=Honolulu Advertiser
publisher=Gannett Corporation
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-02]

*Kauaokinai – Honolulu, Ookinaahu, Hawaiokinai: 23 June 2004 to 24 June 2004

2004 Crew to Honolulu

Captain: Russell Amimoto; Gerald Aikaucite web
url=http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/specials/hokulea/
title=Main page
last=TenBruggencate
first=Jan
date=2004
work=The Honolulu Advertiser Special Report: The Other Hawai‘i, A Journey to the Northwest Hawaiian Islands with "Hokuleokinaa
publisher=Gannett Co
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-26]

2007 One Ocean, One People

The "One Ocean, One People" theme united two voyages in celebration of Pacific voyaging, Pacific Islands, and cultural ties, [cite web
url=http://www.spiritofaloha.com/features/1106/wayfinders.html
title=Stars in His Head: The Last of the Wayfinders
last=Coleman
first=Stuart H.
date=December 2006
work=Spirit of Aloha.com
publisher=Honolulu Publishing Company
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-22 An overview of the "Hokule‘a" story.] in passages to Micronesia and Japan. These voyages were named "Kū Holo Mau" and "Kū Holo Lā Komohana". [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/2007voyage/index.html
title=One Ocean, One People
last=Unattributed
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-02] [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/2007voyage/2007sailplan.html "2007 Sailing Plan and Log", Polynesian Voyaging Society web site,] gives details of stops, dates.] "Kama Hele" escorted the voyage. [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/
title=One Ocean, One People: Voyage to Micronesia and Japan
last=Unattributed
date=2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-09-08]

Kū Holo Mau

Accompanied by the canoe "Alingano Maisu" and specialized escort boat "Kama Hele", ("photo below, in gallery)" [ [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/rapanui/092199.html "Kama Hele" - The Ultimate Escort Vessel] ] "Hōkūle‘a" sailed from Hawaiokinai to the Federated States of Micronesia, 23 January to 7 April 2007. This voyage is known as "Kū Holo Mau," or "Sail On, Sail Always, Sail Forever." While on the island of Satawal, the crew of the "Hōkūle‘a" presented the "Alingano Maisu" to Mau Piailug as a gift for his role in helping to revive traditional wayfinding navigation in Hawaiokinai. [cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/2007voyage/2007micronesia.html
title=2007 Voyage to Micronesia for Mau Piailug
last=Unattributed
work=Ku Holo Mau: Sail On, Sail Always, Sail Forever
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09] While at Satawal, some "Hōkūle‘a" navigators who had proven their mastery of non-instrument sailing and navigation over many ocean passages were inducted into Pwo, pronounced "poh." This was the first Pwo ceremony on Satawal in five decades, and the first time Polynesians were inducted. [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/206164
title=3/26 Kathy's Report, Recap of Chuuk to Yap
date=26 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

Legs of Kū Holo Mau

*Kawaihae, Hawaiokinai Island, USA – Majuro, Republic of the MHL: 23 January 2007 to 18 February 2007 [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/187018
title=What a Beautiful Departure it Was
first=Kathy
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09Narrative about the departure from Kawaihae also mentions sailing plan and gift of "Alingano Maisu" to Mau Piailug.] cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/2007voyage/2007micronesiamap.gif
title=Map of Kū Holo Mau Voyage
last=Unattributed
work=2007 One Ocean, One People
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

2007 Crew to Majuro

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Ben Tamura; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Bob Bee, Terry Hee, Nohea Kaiokinaokamalie, Kaleo Wong, Palani Wright [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/183518
title=Leg 1: Hawaiokinai to Majuro: Crew Lists
last=Unattributed
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

*Majuro, Republic of the MHL – Pohnpei, FSM: 21 February 2007 to 28 February 2007

2007 Crew to Pohnpei

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Gerald Akaka; Crew: Russell Amimoto, Terry Hee, Nohea Kaiokinaokamalie, Gary Kubota, Kaleo Wong, Palani Wright [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/196780
title=Kaokinaiulani's "Hokule‘a" Reports: 2/18, 2/19, 2/20, and 2/21-on our way to Pohnpei
last=Kaokinaiulani
first=Murphy
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

*Pohnpei – Chuuk: 6 March 2007 to 9 March 2007

2007 Crew to Chuuk

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Pomai Bertelmann, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/200837
title=3/8 Crew Lists Pohnpei to Chuuk
last=Unattributed
date=6 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

*Chuuk – Satawal, Yap State: 11 March 2007 to 21 March 2007

2007 Crew to Satawal

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, "Shorty" Bertelmann, Pomai Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/202034
title=3/12 Underway to Satawal
last=Murphy
first=Kaokinaiulani
date=12 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

*Satawal – Woleai Atoll: 19 March 2007 to 21 March 2007

2007 Crew to Woleai

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, "Shorty" Bertelmann, Pomai Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi [cite news
url=http://starbulletin.com/print/2005.php?fr=/2007/03/20/news/story04.html
title=Voyagers to Pay Homage to Chiefs: The Crews are Sailing to Woleai Atoll, then to Ulithi and Yap
last=Kubota
first=Gary T.
date=20 March 2007
work=Honolulu Star-Bulletin Mobile Edition
publisher=Oahu Publications, Inc.
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09]

*Woleai – Ulithi Atoll: 21 March 2007 to 23 March 2007

2007 Crew to Ulithi

Navigator: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, Pomai Bertelmann, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/206164
title=3/26 Kathy's Report, recapping Chuuk to Yap
first=Kathy
date=26 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09] [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/208243
title=4/2 "Venus to the Moon, a run for CAPT."
last=Bertelmann
first=Pomaikalani
date=2 April 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09 Mentions some crew leaving the vessel at Woleai.]

*Ulithi – Yap Island: 21 March 2007 to 23 March 2007

2007 Crew to Yap

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Marjorie Mau; Crew: Naokinaalehu Anthony, Chad Baybayan, Pomai Bertelmann, Bruce Blankenfeld, Dr. Thane Hancock, "Snake" Ah Hee, John Kruse, Gary Kubota, Keoni Kuoha, Nick Marr, "Billy" Richards, Ana Yarawamai, Max Yarawamai, Pauline Yourupi [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/205735
title=3/24 & 25: Kaokinaiulani Reports, from Ulithi and Yap
last=Murphy|first=Kaokinaiulani
date=25 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09 Includes addition of Dr. Hancock to crew.]

*Colonia, Yap Island, FSM – PLW (

2007 Crew to Palau

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Medical Officer: Dr. Vernon Andsell; Crew: Aaron Akina, Naokinaalehu Anthony, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis Eric Co, Emily Fielding, Keoni Kuoha, Waimea McKeague, Tommy Remengesau (President of Palau), Pauline Sato, Patti Ann Solomoncite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/206749
title=3/28 Crew Lists: Yap-Palau-Yap
last=Polynesian Voyaging Society
date=28 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09] [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/207307
title=3/29 Kathy reports from Y

first=Kathy
date=29 March 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-09 Mentions president of Palau, Tommy Remengesau, sailing from Yap to Palau on "Hōkūle‘a".]

*PLW – Colonia, Yap Island, FSM: 5 April 2007 to 7 April 2007

2007 Crew, Return to Yap

Navigator: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Captain: Naokinaalehu Anthony; Watch Captains: Tim Gilliom, Attwood Makanani, Nainoa Thompson; Medical Officer: Dr. Vernon Andsell; Crew: Aaron Akina, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis Eric Co, Emily Fielding, Keoni Kuoha, Waimea McKeague, Pauline Sato, Patti Ann Solomon

Kū Holo Lā Komohana

From Yap, the "Hōkūle‘a" sailed to Yokohama, Japan, 11 April 2007 to 8 June 2007. Upon sighting Kyūshū, navigation of coastal and inland seas utilized landmarks and aids to navigation. From departure to landfall at Okinawa, Japan, "Hōkūle‘a" was guided by Nainoa Thompson. Chad Baybayan then guided the vessel to further stops at Amami, Uto, Nomozaki, Nagasaki, Fukuoka, Shinmoji marina in Moji-ku, Iwaishima, and Suō-Ōshima (Ōshima). Nainoa Thompson resumed as captain for stops at Miyajima and Hiroshima ( is known as "Kū Holo Lā Komohana," or "Sail On to the Western Sun". While "Hōkūle‘a" was shipped back to Honolulu, escort vessel "Kama Hele" sailed back to Ookinaahu under German Captain Mike Weindl with six Japanese crewmembers. [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/244988
title="Kama Hele" arrives home
last=Unattributed
date=17 July 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-02] [ [http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/edresources/ "Interview with Nainoa Thompson"] , (in en-US or jpn), YouTube video on Polynesian Voyaging Society site, about the "One Ocean, One People" voyage, retrieved 9 August 2008.]

Legs of Kū Holo Lā Komohana

*Yap, FSM – Okinawa, JPN [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/211118
title=4/12: "Hōkūle‘a" Departs from Yap for Okinawa, Japan
last=Polynesian Voyaging Society
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-07] 11 April 2007 to 23 April 2007

2007 Crew to Okinawa

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Crew: Takuji Arai (Japan), Pomai Bertelmann, Timi Gilliom, Kaina Holomalia, Attwood Makanani, Kaokinaiulani Murphy, Maile Neff, Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon, Dr. Pete Roney, Kanaka Uchino (Japan)

*Okinawa – Ōshima [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/220547
title=5/14 HST: Crew Lists to Ōshima
last=Baybayan
first=Chad
date=14 May 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06] 28 April 2007 to 19 May 2007

2007 Crew to Ōshima

Captain: Chad Baybayan; Crew: Imaikalani P. Aiu, Takuji Araki, Kalepa "Kala" Baybayan, Stephanie M. Beeby, Anela K. Benson, Dennis J. Chun, Monte Costa, Derek Ferrar, Timmy Gilliom, Heidi K. Guth, Kaimi C. Hermosura, Kiyoko Ikeda, William Keala Kai, Attwood Makanani, Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon, Makaokinaala Rawlins, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Van K. Warren

*Ōshima – Uwajima [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/224571
title=5/27: On Her Way to Ehime
last=Ontiveros
first=Ramona
date=27 May 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06] 26 May 2007 to 27 May 2007

2007 Crew to Uwajima

Navigator and Captain: Nainoa Thompson; Watch Captain: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Crew: Imaikalani P. Aiu, Takuji Araki, Nanea Baird, Stephanie M. Beeby, Anela K. Benson, Pomai Bertelmann, Dennis J. Chun, Monte Costa, Heidi K. Guth, Kaimi C. Hermosura, Kiyoko Ikeda, William Keala Kai, Attwood Makanani, Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Sky Takemoto, Kanako Uchino, Van K. Warren

*Uwajima – Yokohama [cite web
url=http://pvshawaii.squarespace.com/2007blog-hokulea/post/225903
title=Uwajima to Yokohama Crew List
last=Unattributed
date=1 June 2007
work=2007 Voyage Weblog
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-06] 3 June 2007 to 9 June 2007

2007 Crew to Yokohama

Navigator and Captain: Bruce Blankenfeld; Senior Officers: Norman Piokinaianaiokinaa, "Tava" Taupu; Watch Captain: Naokinaalehu Anthony; Crew: Takuji Araki, Chris Baird, Dennis Kawaharada, Attwood Makanani, Dr. Cherie L. Shehata, Patti-Ann Solomon; Watch Captain: Kaokinaiulani Murphy; Crew: Pomai Bertelmann, Dean Nikaido, Chadd Kaokinaonohi Paishon, Leighton Tseu (representing the Royal Order of Kamehameha), Kanako Uchino, Kiyotsugu Yoshida (Sunset Films)

=

ee also

*Hawaiokinailoa
*History of the Pacific Islands
*Pacific Islands
*Experimental archaeology

References and Notes

References

*cite book
last=Finney
first=Ben
coauthors=Among, Marlene; ... [et al.]
others=Illustrations by Richard Rhodes
title=Voyage of Rediscovery: A Cultural Odyssey through Polynesia
publisher=University of California Press
location=Berkeley, Los Angeles, London
date=1994
isbn=0-520-08002-5
language=en-US
*cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/collections/PVS%20Archives/PVSguide.pdf#page=5
title=Polynesian Voyaging Society: Introduction
last=Goodell
first=Lela
date=1989
work=A Guide to the Archives of the Polynesian Voyaging Society and Voyages of the "Hōkūleokinaa,
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools
pages="p. 5
language=en-US, portions in haw
accessdate=2008-08-28
*cite web
url=http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/2007voyage/2007micronesiamau.html
title=Reflections on Mau Piailug: Master Navigator, Master Teacher
last=Thompson
first=Nainoa
date=1996 (original date)
work=Ku Holo Mau: 2007 Voyage to Micronesia for Mau Piailug
publisher=Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-05 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/5afUfyW1K)
*cite web
url=http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/PDF/kealaikahiki.pdf
title=Kealaikahiki: A New Look at Old Routes
last=Kyselka
first=Will
coauthors=Nainoa Thompson, with map by Ray Lanterman
work=Polynesian Seafaring Heritage; Cecilia Kapua Lindo, Nancy Alpert Mower, editors
publisher=The Kamehameha Schools and the Polynesian Voyaging Society
language=en-US
accessdate=2008-08-20

Notes

a. Note_label|A|a|nonecite web |url= http://www.hanahou.com/pages/Magazine.asp?Action=DrawArticle&ArticleID=626&MagazineID=39 |title= In the Land of the Western Sun |author= Derek Ferrar |work= Hana Hou! Vol. 10 No. 5 (Article includes a travel diary from May 14 in Fukuoka through May 25 in Hiroshima) |date= October/November 2007 |quote= After the new canoe was presented to Mau in March, "Hōkūle‘a" continued on a second mission, dubbed "Kū Holo Lā Komohana" (Sail on to the Western Sun), crossing 1,200 miles from the Micronesian island of Yap to Okinawa and then hopscotching through the islands of southern Japan to Yokohama. The journey was conceived to honor the cultural ties between Japan and Hawaiokinai, which began with the visit of King Kalākaua to the Emperor Meiji in 1881 and were strengthened by the subsequent emigration of thousands of Japanese contract laborers to the Islands’ sugar plantations, many of whom remained in Hawaiokinai, forever weaving their heritage into the fabric of Island life.

Footnotes

External links

* [http://kapalama.ksbe.edu/archives/pvsa/primary%202/78-80%20events/80%20nav%20editorial.htm Brief introduction to navigating by the stars]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GWkKAQxe2mc "Hōkūle‘a - Star of Gladness"] on YouTube.com, performed by the Hawaiian artist Israel Kamakawiwookinaole
* [http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/specials/hokulea/ Honolulu Advertiser "Hōkūle‘a" Voyage Special]
* [http://www.samlow.com/sail-nav/awakening.html Sam Low's "Voyages of Awakening, 25 years of "Hōkūle‘a"]
* [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/aboutpvs.html Polynesian Voyaging Society] website
* [http://pvs.kcc.hawaii.edu/build.html Polynesian Voyaging Society] website section on the building of "Hōkūle‘a"
* [http://www.pbs.org/wayfinders/index.html Public Broadcasting Service] website for "Wayfinders: A Pacific Odyssey", a film about the ancient Polynesian sea voyaging tradition
* [http://www.moolelo.com/hokulea.html Uncle Charlie's] personal website on "Hōkūle‘a", by Charles Kauluwehi Maxwell Sr.