Architectural style

Architectural styles classify architecture in terms of form, , materials, time period, region, etc. It overlaps with, and emerges from the study of the evolution and history of architecture. In architectural history, the study of Gothic architecture, for instance, would include all aspects of the cultural context that went into the design and construction of these structures. Architectural style is a way of classifying architecture that gives emphasis to characteristic features of design, leading to a terminology such as Gothic "style".

The Victoria and Albert Museum maintains an interactive online microsite with an introductory overviewcite web |url= http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/microsites/architecture/style_level1.php?id=0 |title= Architectural Style microsite. |author= Victoria and Albert Museum |format= PHP |work= Overview: Modern, High-Tech & Postmodern • East Asian, South Asian & Spanish Islamic • Gothic & Gothic Revival • Classical & Classical Revival |quote= ] of ten architectural styles grouped in four clusters:
* Modern, High-Tech and Postmodern
* East Asian, South Asian and Spanish Islamic
* Gothic and Gothic Revival
* Classical and Classical Revival.

Pre-history to the present

*Neolithic architecture 10,000 BC-3000 BC
*Sumerian architecture 5300 BC-2000 BC
*Ancient Egyptian architecture 3000 BC-373 AD
*Classical architecture 600 BC-323 AD
**Ancient Greek architecture 776 BC-265 BC
**Roman architecture 753 BC–663 AD
**Herodian architecture 37 BC-4 BC Judea
*Architecture of Armenia (IVe s - XVIe s)
*Merovingian architecture 400s-700s France and Germany
*Anglo-Saxon architecture 450s-1066 England and Wales
*Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520
*Islamic Architecture 691-present
*Carolingian architecture 780s-800s France and Germany
*Repoblación architecture 880s-1000s Spain
*Ottonian architecture 950s-1050s Germany
*Russian architecture 989-1700s
*Romanesque architecture 1000-1300
*Norman architecture 1074-1250
*Gothic architecture
**Early English Period c.1190—c.1250
**Decorated Period c.1290–c.1350
**Perpendicular Period c.1350–c.1550
**Brick Gothic c.1350–c.1400
*Isabelline Gothic 1474-1505 (reign) Spain
*Tudor style architecture 1485–1603
*Manueline 1495-1521 (reign) Portugal & colonies
*Spanish Colonial style 1520s–c.1550
*Elizabethan architecture (b.1533–d.1603)
*Dutch Colonial 1615-1674 (Treaty of Westminster) New England
*Palladian architecture 1616–1680 (Jones)
*English Baroque 1666 (Great Fire)–1713 (Treaty of Utrecht)
*Sicilian Baroque 1693 earthquake–c.1745
*Chilota architecture 1600-present Chiloé and southern Chile
*Ukrainian Baroque late 1600-1800s
*Georgian architecture 1720-1840s UK & USA
**American colonial architecture 1720-1780s USA
*Pombaline style 1755 earthquake-c.1860 Portugal
*Gothic Revival architecture 1760s–1840s
**List of Gothic Revival architecture
*Neoclassical architecture
**Adam style 1770 UK
**Federal architecture 1780-1830 USA
**Empire (style) 1804-1814, 1870 revival
*Jeffersonian architecture 1790s-1830s Virginia, USA
*Florida cracker architecture c.1800-present Florida, USA
*Italianate 1802
*Egyptian Revival architecture 1809–1820s, 1840s, 1920s
*American Empire (style) 1810
*Biedermeier 1815–1848
*Russian Revival 1826-1917, 1990s-present
*Tudorbethan architecture 1835–1885
*Victorian architecture 1837 and 1901 UK
**See also San Francisco architecture
*Jacobethan 1838
* Carpenter Gothic USA and Canada 1840s on
*Queenslander (architecture) 1840s–1960s
**Australian architectural styles
*Romanesque Revival architecture 1840–1900 USA
*Neo-Manueline 1840s-1910s Portugal & Brazil

*Neo-Grec 1848 and 1865
*Adirondack Architecture 1850s New York, USA
*Bristol Byzantine 1850-1880
*Second Empire 1865 and 1880
*Queen Anne Style architecture 1870–1910s England & USA
**Stick Style 1879-1905 New England
**Eastlake Style 1879-1905 New England
**Shingle Style 1879-1905 New England
*National Park Service Rustic 1872–present USA
*Chicago school (architecture) 1880s and 1890 USA
*Neo-Byzantine architecture 1882–1920s American
*Art Nouveau/Jugendstil c. 1885–1910
**"Modernisme" 1888-1911 Catalonian Art Nouveau
**Vienna Secession 1897-c. 1905 Austrian Art Nouveau
*American Craftsman 1890s–1930 USA, California & east
*Richardsonian Romanesque 1880s USA
*City Beautiful movement 1890–1900s USA
*Colonial Revival architecture 1890s–1915
**Dutch Colonial Revival c.1900 New England
*Mission Revival Style architecture 1894-1936
*American Foursquare mid. 1890s-late 1930s USA
*Functionalism c.1900-1930s Europe & USA
**Danish Functionalism 1960s Denmark
*Pueblo style 1898-1990s
*Prairie Style 1900–1917 USA
*Heliopolis style 1905–c.1935 Egypt
*Futurist architecture 1909 Europe
*Expressionist architecture 1910–c.1924
*Amsterdam School 1912–1924 Netherlands
*Spanish Colonial Revival style 1915–1940 USA
*Bauhaus 1919–1930s
*Mediterranean Revival Style 1920s–1930s USA
*Art Deco 1925–1940s Europe & USA
**List of Art Deco architecture
*Constructivism 1925–1932 USSR
*Modern movement 1927–1960s
*International style (architecture) 1930–present Europe & USA
*Postconstructivism 1930–1935 USSR
*Streamline Moderne 1930–1937
*Nazi architecture 1933-1944 Germany
*Stalinist architecture 1933–1955 USSR
*Usonian 1936–1940s USA
*Soft Portuguese style 1940-1955 Portugal & colonies
*Ranch-style 1940s-1970s USA
*New towns 1946-1968 United Kingdom
*Mid-century modern 1950s California, etc.
*Florida Modern 1950s or Tropical Modern
*Googie architecture 1950s USA
*Brutalist architecture 1950s–1970s
*Structuralism (architecture) 1950s-1970s
*Metabolist Movement 1959 Japan
*Arcology 1970s-present
*Structural Expressionism 1980s-present
*Postmodern architecture 1980s
*Deconstructivism 1982–present
*Memphis Group 1981-1988
*Blobitecture 2003–present
*Interactive architecture 2000-present

Alphabetical listing

*Adam style 1770 England
*Adirondack Architecture 1850s New York, USA
*Anglo-Saxon architecture 450s-1066 England and Wales
*American colonial architecture 1720-1780s USA
*American Craftsman 1890s–1930 USA, California & east
*American Empire (style) 1810
*American Foursquare mid. 1890s-late 1930s USA
*Amsterdam School 1912–1924 Netherlands
*Ancient Egyptian architecture 3000 BC–373 AD
*Ancient Greek architecture 776 BC-265 BC
*Arcology 1970s-present
*Art Deco 1925–1940s Europe & USA
*Art Nouveau c. 1885–1910
*Australian architectural styles
*Baroque architecture
*Bauhaus 1919–1930s
*Beaux-Arts architecture
*Biedermeier 1815–1848
*Blobitecture 2003–present
*Brick Gothic c.1350–c.1400s
*Bristol Byzantine 1850-1880
*Brutalist architecture 1950s–1970s
*Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520
*Carolingian architecture 780s-800s France and Germany
* Carpenter Gothic USA and Canada 1840s on
*Chicago school (architecture) 1880s and 1890 USA
*Chilota architecture 1600-present Chiloé and southern Chile
*City Beautiful movement 1890–1900s USA
*Classical architecture 600 BC-323 AD
*Colonial Revival architecture
*Constructivist architecture
*Danish Functionalism 1960s Denmark
*Deconstructivism 1982–present
*Decorated Period c.1290–c.1350
*Dutch Colonial 1615-1674 (Treaty of Westminster) New England
*Dutch Colonial Revival c.1900 New England
*Early English Period c.1190—c.1250
*Eastlake Style 1879-1905 New England
*Egyptian Revival architecture 1809–1820s, 1840s, 1920s
*Elizabethan architecture (b.1533 – d.1603)
*Empire (style) 1804-1814, 1870 revival
*English Baroque 1666 (Great Fire)–1713 (Treaty of Utrecht)
*Expressionist architecture 1910–c.1924
*Federal architecture 1780-1830 USA
*Florida cracker architecture c.1800-present Florida, USA
*Florida Modern 1950s or Tropical Modern
*Functionalism c.1900-1930s Europe & USA
*Futurist architecture 1909 Europe
*Georgian architecture 1720-1840s UK & USA
*Googie architecture 1950s America
*Gothic architecture
*Gothic Revival architecture 1760s–1840s
*Greek Revival architecture
*Heliopolis style 1905–c.1935 Egypt
*Interactive architecture 2000-present
*International style (architecture) 1930–present
*Isabelline Gothic 1474-1505 (reign) Spain
*Islamic Architecture 691-present
*Italianate 1802

*Jacobethan 1838
*Jeffersonian architecture 1790s-1830s Virginia, USA
*Jugendstil c. 1885–1910 German term for Art Nouveau
*Manueline 1495-1521 (reign) Portugal & colonies
*Mediterranean Revival Style 1920s–1930s USA
*Memphis Group 1981-1988
*Merovingian architecture 400s-700s France and Germany
*Metabolist Movement 1959 Japan
*Mid-century modern 1950s California, etc.
*Mission Revival Style architecture 1894-1936
*Modern movement 1927–1960s
*"Modernisme" 1888-1911 Catalonian Art Nouveau
*National Park Service Rustic 1872–present USA
*Nazi architecture 1933-1944 Germany
*Neo-Byzantine architecture 1882–1920s American
*Neoclassical architecture
*Neo-Grec 1848 and 1865
*Neo-gothic architecture
*Neolithic architecture 10,000 BC-3000 BC
*Neo-Manueline 1840s-1910s Portugal & Brazil
*New towns 1946-1968 United Kingdom
*Norman architecture 1074-1250
*Ottonian architecture 950s-1050s Germany
*Palladian architecture 1616–1680 (Jones)
*Perpendicular Period c.1350–c.1550
*Pombaline style 1755 earthquake-c.1860 Portugal
*Postmodern architecture 1980s
*Polish Cathedral Style 1870-1930
*Prairie Style 1900–1917 USA
*Pueblo style 1898-1990s
*Queen Anne Style architecture 1870–1910s UK & USA
*Queenslander (architecture) 1840s–1960s
*Ranch-style 1940s-1970s USA
*Repoblación architecture 880s-1000s Spain
*Regency architecture
*Richardsonian Romanesque 1880s USA
*Rococo
*Roman architecture 753 BC–663 AD
*Romanesque architecture 1050-1100
*Romanesque Revival architecture 1840–1900 USA
*Russian architecture 989-1700s
*Russian Revival 1826-1917, 1990s-present
*San Francisco architecture
*Second Empire 1865 and 1880
*Shingle Style 1879-1905 New England
*Sicilian Baroque 1693 earthquake–c.1745
*Spanish Colonial Revival style 1915–1940 USA
*Spanish Colonial style 1520s–c.1550
*Stalinist architecture 1933–1955 USSR
*Structural Expressionism 1980s-present
*Stick Style 1879-1905 New England
*Soft Portuguese style 1940-1955 Portugal & colonies
*Streamline Moderne 1930–1937
*Structuralism (architecture) 1950-1975
*Sumerian architecture 5300 BC–2000 BC
*Tudor style architecture 1485–1603
*Tudorbethan architecture 1835–1885
*Ukrainian Baroque late 1600-1800s
*Usonian 1936–1940s USA
*Victorian architecture 1837 and 1901 UK
*Vienna Secession 1897-c. 1905 Austrian Art Nouveau

References

*
* Lewis, Philippa; Gillian Darley (1986). "Dictionary of Ornament", NY: Pantheon
* Baker, John Milnes, AIA (1994) "American House Styles", NY: Norton

ee also

* Architectural design values
* Feminism and modern architecture
* List of Art Deco architecture
* List of Gothic Revival architecture
* List of house styles
* Religious architecture
** Cathedral architecture
** Synagogue architecture
* Timeline of architectural styles
* Timeline of architecture