Sunset Crater

Sunset Crater

Infobox Mountain
Name=Sunset Crater
Photo= SUCR2262.jpg
Caption= Sunset Crater with Ponderosa pines on the slope
Elevation= convert|8042|ft|m|0
Range=San Francisco volcanic field
Location=Coconino County, Arizona, USA
Coordinates = coord|35|21|51|N|111|30|11|W|type:mountain_region:US
Topographic
USGS Sunset Crater East
Type=Cinder cone|Age=943 yr|Last eruption=1100 AD
Easiest route= Hike

Sunset Crater is a cinder cone located north of Flagstaff, Arizona, in the United States. The crater lies within the Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument.

Sunset Crater is the youngest in a string of volcanoes (the San Francisco volcanic field) that is related to the nearby San Francisco Peaks.cite web | last = Priest | first = Susan S. | coauthors = Wendell A. Duffield, Karen Malis-Clark, James W. Hendley II, and Peter H. Stauffer | title = The San Francisco Volcanic Field, Arizona - U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 017-01 | publisher = United States Geological Survey | date = 2001-12-21 | url = http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/fact-sheet/fs017-01/ | accessdate = 2008-08-12] It first erupted in 1064, and the last major eruption occurred in 1100, raising the volcano's height to about convert|300|m|ft|sigfigs=2. A final burst of activity in the 13th century painted the upper portion of the otherwise black cone with bright red and orange rocks, giving the volcano its name. The volcano has partially revegetated, with pines and wildflowers. The crater has given its name to the Sunset Crater Beardtongue ("Penstemon clutei").

Damage from hikers forced the National Park Service to close a trail leading to the crater, but a short trail at the base remains. [cite web | title = Lava Flow Trail | work = Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument | publisher = National Park Service | date = 2006-09-14 | url = http://www.nps.gov/sucr/planyourvisit/lava-flow-trail.htm | accessdate = 2008-08-12]

The hiking trail below the summit skirts the substantial Bonita Lava Flow. This hardened lava is black and appears fresh as it has devastated the forest in its path. The lava flow also created an ice cave or tube that is now closed to the public after a partial collapse.

Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument

Infobox_protected_area | name = Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument
iucn_category = III



caption =
locator_x = 60
locator_y = 103
location = Arizona, USA
nearest_city = Flagstaff, AZ
lat_degrees = 35
lat_minutes = 22
lat_seconds = 56
lat_direction = N
long_degrees = 111
long_minutes = 30
long_seconds = 38
long_direction = W
area = convert|3040|acre|km2|1
established = May 26, 1930
visitation_num = 200,000 (est)
visitation_year = 2004
governing_body = National Park Service
Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument is a U.S. National Monument in the north-central part of the U.S. state of Arizona, intended to protect Sunset Crater, a cinder cone that is part of the San Francisco Volcanic Field.cite web | title = Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument | work = | publisher = National Park Service | date = 2007-09-14 | url = http://www.nps.gov/sucr/ | accessdate = 2008-08-12] It is maintained by the National Park Service in close conjunction with nearby Wupatki National Monument. In the late 1920s, a Hollywood film company attempted to detonate large quantities of explosives inside Sunset Crater in order to simulate a volcanic eruption. Public outcry over this plan led in part to the proclamation of Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument by President Herbert Hoover in 1930.

A one mile (1.6 km) self-guiding loop trail is located at the base of Sunset Crater but hiking to the summit is not permitted. A trail providing access to the summit and crater was closed in 1974 because of excessive erosion caused by hikers. A visitor center is located near the park entrance, convert|12|mi|km|0 north of Flagstaff, Arizona along U.S. Highway 89.

References

External links

*VNUM|1=1209-02-
* [http://www.nps.gov/sucr/naturescience/index.htm Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument - Nature & Science]
* [http://www.nps.gov/sucr/naturescience/volcanoes.htm Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument - Volcanoes / Lava Flows]
* [http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/parks/sunset/sunvolc.html Geology of Sunset Crater National Monument]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Sunset Crater — Volcano National Monument Sunset Crater …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sunset Crater — Vue aérienne du Sunset Crater. Géographie Altitude 2 447 m Massif Plateau du Colorado …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Sunset Crater — geographical name volcanic crater N central Arizona in Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Sunset Crater National Monument — Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument Sunset Crater …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Sunset Crater …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Monument national de Sunset Crater Volcano Sunset Crater Catégorie UICN V (paysage terrestre/marin protégé) Identifiant 375597 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Preserve, north central Arizona, U.S. Established in 1930, the monument covers 5 sq mi (13 sq km) and contains the brilliant hued cinder cone of an extinct volcano that erupted с 1064. It rises 1,000 ft (300 m) and has a crater 400 ft (120 m)… …   Universalium

  • Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Reserva ubicada en la zona centro norte del estado de Arizona en EE.UU. El monumento establecido en 1930, ocupa 13 km2 (5 mi2) de superficie y en él se encuentra un volcán extinto, con un cono de escorias de tonos brillantes, que hizo erupción… …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Sp Saulėlydžio Krãterio Ugnikalnio nacionãlinis gamtõs pamiñklas Ap Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument L JAV (Arizona) …   Pasaulio vietovardžiai. Internetinė duomenų bazė

  • crater — crateral, craterous, adj. craterlike, adj. /kray teuhr/, n., gen. Crateris /kray tear is/ for 9, v. n. 1. the cup shaped depression or cavity on the surface of the earth or other heavenly body marking the orifice of a volcano. 2. Also called… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”