Herbert Eimert

Herbert Eimert (born 8 April, 1897 in Bad Kreuznach, died 15 December, 1972 in Düsseldorf) was a German music theorist, musicologist, journalist, music critic, editor, radio producer, and composer.

Life

Herbert Eimert studied music theory and composition from 1919-1924 at the Cologne Musikhochschule with Hermann Abendroth, Johann Eduard Franz Bölsche, and August von Othegraven. In 1924, while still a student, he published an "Atonale Musiklehre" (Atonal Music Theory Text) which, together with a twelve-tone string quartet composed for the end-of-term examination concert, led to an altercation with Bölsche, who withdrew the quartet from the program and expelled Eimert from his composition class.

In 1924, he began studies in musicology at the University of Cologne with Ernst Bücken, Willi Kahl, and Georg Kinsky, and read philosophy with Max Scheler (a pupil of Husserl) and Nicolai Hartmann. He attained his doctorate in 1931 with a dissertation titled "Musikalische Formstrukturen im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. Versuch einer Formbeschreibung" (Musical Form Structures in the 17th and 18th Century. Attempt at a Description of Form).

From 1927-33 he was employed at the Cologne Radio and wrote for music magazines such as "Melos" and the "Neue Zeitschrift für Musik". In 1930 he became a music critic for the "Kölner Stadtanzeiger", and from 1935–45 worked as an editor at the "Kölnischen Zeitung".

After the war, he became in 1945 the first salaried staff member of the Cologne Radio (NWDR), administered by the British occupation forces. In 1947 he took over the NWDR Department of Cultural Reporting, and in 1948 became director of the "Musikalische Nachtprogramme" (late-night music programs), a position he held until 1966. In 1951, Eimert and Werner Meyer-Eppler persuaded the director of NWDR, Hanns Hartmann, to create a Studio for Electronic Music, which Eimert directed until 1962. This became the most influential studio in the world during the 1950s and 1960s, with composers such as Michael von Biel, Konrad Boehmer, Herbert Brün, Franco Evangelisti, Johannes Fritsch, Rolf Gehlhaar, Karel Goeyvaerts, David C. Johnson, Mauricio Kagel, Gottfried Michael Koenig, Ernst Krenek, György Ligeti, Mesías Maiguashca, Henri Pousseur, Karlheinz Stockhausen (who succeeded Eimert as director), and Iannis Xenakis working there (Morawska-Büngeler 1988).

In 1950 he published the "Lehrbuch zur Zwölftonmusik", which became one of the best-known introductory texts on Schoenbergian twelve-tone technique, and was translated into Italian, Spanish, and Hungarian. From 1955-62 he edited in conjunction with Karlheinz Stockhausen the influential journal "Die Reihe". His book "Grundlagen der musikalischen Reihentechnik" appeared in 1964. From 1951–57 he lectured at the Darmstadt International Vacation Courses for New Music. In 1965 he became Professor at the Hochschule für Musik in Cologne and directed their studio for electronic music until 1971. Together with Hans Ulrich Humpert, his successor at the electronic studio of the Musikhochschule, he worked on the "Lexikon der elektronischen Musik" (Dictionary of Electronic Music). Just short of completing the manuscript Eimert died, on 15 December 1972, in Düsseldorf .

Compositions (selective list)

* String Quartet (1923-25)
* "Der weiße Schwan" for saxophon, flute, and specially made noise instruments (1926)
*"Kammerkonzert" for five instruments (1926)
*Suite for chamber orchestra (1929)
*"Musik für Violine und Violoncello" (1931)
*Variations for piano (1943)
*Trio for violin, vioa, and cello (1944)
*"Bläsermusik" (1947)
* Second String Quartet (1939)
* Four Pieces (jointly composed with Robert Beyer) (1953)
*"Struktur 8" electronic music (1953)
* "Glockenspiel", electronic music (1953)
* "Etüde über Tongemische", electronic music (1954)
* Five Pieces, electronic music (1956)
* "Zu Ehren von Igor Strawinsky" (1957)
* "Selektion I" (1960)
* "Epitaph für Aikichi Kuboyama", for speaker and electronically transformed speech sounds (1962)
* Six Studies, electronic music (1962)

Principle Writings

* 1924. "Atonale Musiklehre". Leipzig: Verlag von Breitkopf & Härtel.
* 1932. "Musikalische formstrukturen im 17. und 18. jahrhundert; Versuch einer Formbeschreibung". Augsburg: B. Filser.
* 1950. "Lehrbuch der Zwöfltontechnik". Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel.
*1955a. "Die sieben Stücke" "Die Reihe" 1: "Elektronische Musik": 8–13 [not included in the English edition] .
*1955b. "Die notwendige Korrektur" "Die Reihe" 2: "Anton Webern": 35–41 [English edition 1958, as "A Change of Focus", pp. 29–36] .
*1955c. "Intervallproportionen (Streichquartett, 1. Satz)." "Die Reihe" 2: "Anton Webern": 97–102 [English edition 1958, as "Interval Proportions", pp. 93–99] .
*1957a. "Von der Entscheidungsfreiheit des Komponisten." "Die Reihe" 3: "Musikalische Handwerk": 5–12 [English edition 1959, as "The Composer's Freedom of Choice," pp. 1–9] .
*1957b. "Debussys "Jeux"." "Die Reihe" 5: "Berichte—Analyse": 5–22 [English edition 1961, as "Debussy's "Jeux"," pp.3–20] .
*1957c. "What is Electronic Music?" "Die Reihe" 1: "Electronic Music" (English edition only): 1–10.
*1958. "Intermezzo II." "Die Reihe" 4: "Junge Komponisten": 81–84 [English edition 1960, pp. 81–84] .
*1962. "Nachruf auf Werner Meyer-Eppler." "Die Reihe" 8: "Rückblicke": 5–6 [English ed. 1968, as "Werner Meyer-Eppler," pp. 5–6] .
* 1964. "Grundlagen der musikalischen Reihentechnik". Bücher der Reihe. Vienna: Universal Edition.
*1972. "So begann die elektronische Musik." "Melos" 39, no. 1 (January-February): 42–44. [Translated into English as "How Electronic Music Began," "Musical Times" 113, no. 1550 (April 1972): 347–49.]
* 1973. "Lexikon der elektronischen Musik" (with Hans Ulrich Humpert). Regensburg: Bosse.

References

* Online biography [http://www.elektropolis.de/ssb_eimert.htm]
*Blüggel, Christian. 2002. "E.=Ethik+Ästhetik: Zur Musikkritik Herbert Eimerts". Saarbrücken: Pfau. ISBN 389727213X
*Fricke, Stefan. 1997. "Herbert Eimert: Keiner unter vielen--Rückblick auf ein Leben für die (elektronische) Neue Musik". "Neue Zeitschrift für Musik" 158, no. 5 (September–October): 28-30.
*Grant, M [orag] . J [osephine] . 2001. "Serial Music, Serial Aesthetics: Compositional Theory in Post-war Europe". Cambridge, UK; New York: Cambridge University Press.
*Kämper, Dietrich. 1997. "Pionier der Neuen Musik: Herbert Eimert--Journalist, Komponist, Organisator und Förderer" "MusikTexte: Zeitschrift für Neue Musik", no. 69-70 (April): 36-40.
*Kautny, Oliver. 2001. "Pionierzeit der elektronischen Musik: Werner Meyer-Epplers Einfluss auf Herbert Eimert." In "Musik im Spektrum von Kultur und Gesellschaft: Festschrift für Brunhilde Sonntag", Osnabrücker Beiträge zur Musik und Musikerziehung 1, edited by Bernhard Müssgens, Oliver Kautny, and Martin Gieseking, 314–37. Osnabrück: Electronic Publishing. ISBN 3923486367
*Kirchmeyer, Helmut. 1998. "Kleine Monographie über Herbert Eimert". Abhandlungen der Sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Philologisch-Historische Klasse 75,6. Stuttgart: Hirzel. ISBN 3777609250
*Morawska-Büngeler, Marietta. 1988. "Schwingende Elektronen: Eine Dokumentation über das Studio für Elektronische Musik des Westdeutschen Rundfunk in Köln 1951–1986". Cologne-Rodenkirchen: P. J. Tonger Musikverlag.
*Oesch, Hans. 1974. "Herbert Eimert: Pionier der Zwolftontechnik." "Melos" 41, no. 4 (July–August): 211–14.