Convolutidae

Convolutidae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Subkingdom:	Eumetazoa
Phylum:	Acoelomorpha
Class:	Acoela
Order:	not assigned
Family:	Convolutidae
Genera
Amphiscolops Brachypea Conaperta Convoluta Haplodiscus Heterochaerus Neochildia Oligochoerus Oxyposthia Picola Polychoerus Stomatricha Wulguru Pseudoconvoluta? Waminoa?

Convolutidae are a family of free-living flatworms.

Systematics

Currently the family contains 13 genera, the type genus being Convoluta (Turbellarian taxonomic database,2006).

The genus Waminoa appears, according to recent studies also belong to the family, or is at least closely related (Ogunlana et al., 2005).

Characteristics

Acoels with a ventral mouth opening. Body-wall musculature with circular, longitudinal, and longitudinal crossover muscle fibers in both the dorsal and ventral body wall, and U-shaped fibers in the ventral body wall.

Male copulatory organ with muscular, often glandular, tubular penis. Penis musculature with inner circular fibers and outer longitudinal fibers that anastomose or cross over each other. When present, a muscular seminal vesicle surrounds all of, or a portion of the penis. Male gonopore ventral, subterminal, or terminal at posterior end; usually positioned behind opening to female seminal bursa. Spermatozoa with 9+0 axonemes and axial microtubules.

Algal symbionts often present. Ocelli, when present, contain reflective platelets in the pigment cell and lack cilia or microvilli as receptor organelles (Hooge & Tyler, 2005).

Species

Amphiscolops Contains the following species: Amphiscolops bermudensis Hyman 1939 Amphiscolops blumi Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Amphiscolops carvalhoi Marcus 1952 Amphiscolops cinereus (Graff, 1874) Amphiscolops evelinae Marcus 1947 Amphiscolops fuligineus Peebles 1913 Amphiscolops gemelliporus Marcus 1954 Amphiscolops japonicus Kato 1947 Amphiscolops langerhansi (Graff, 1882) Amphiscolops marinelliensis Beltagi & Khafagi, 1984 Amphiscolops mosaicus Kozloff 1998 Amphiscolops potocani Achatz, 2008 Amphiscolops trifurcatus (Beltagi 1983) Amphiscolops zeii Riedl 1956 Brachypea Contains the following species: Brachypea kenoma Antonius 1968 Conaperta Contains the following species: Conaperta antonii Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Conaperta cirrata Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Conaperta flavibacillum (Jensen, 1878) Conaperta krana Antonius 1968 Conaperta lineata (Peebles, 1915) Conaperta thela Antonius 1968 Convoluta Contains the following species: Convoluta aegyptica Antonius 1968 Convoluta albomaculata (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892) Convoluta bohmigi (Brauner, 1920) Convoluta borealis Sabussow 1900 Convoluta boyeri Bush 1984 Convoluta confusa Graff 1904 Convoluta convoluta (Abildgaard, 1806) Convoluta elegans Pereyaslawzewa 1892 Convoluta enelitta Antonius 1968 Convoluta furugelmi Mamkaev, 1971 Convoluta henseni Böhmig, 1895 Convoluta hipparchia Pereyaslawzewa 1892 Convoluta kikaiensis Yamasu 1982 Convoluta lacazii Graff 1891 Convoluta lacrimosa Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Convoluta marginalis Ivanov 1952 Convoluta naviculae Yamasu 1982 Convoluta niphoni Achatz, 2008 Convoluta pelagica Lohner & Micoletzky 1911 Convoluta philippinensis Bush 1984 Convoluta pygopora Antonius 1968 Convoluta schmidti Czerniavsky, 1881 Convoluta schuelii Achatz, 2008 Convoluta sordida Graff 1882 Convoluta sutcliffei Hanson, 1961 Convoluta variabilis (Pereyaslawzewa, 1892)

Haplodiscus Contains the following species: Haplodiscus acuminatus Böhmig, 1895 Haplodiscus bocki Dörjes 1970 Haplodiscus obtusus Böhmig, 1895 Haplodiscus ovatus Böhmig, 1895 Haplodiscus piger Weldon 1888 Haplodiscus weldoni Böhmig, 1895 Heterochaerus Contains the following species: Heterochaerus australis Haswell 1905 Heterochaerus sargassi (Hyman 1939) Neochildia Contains the following species: Neochildia fusca Bush, 1975 Oligochoerus Contains the following species: Oligochoerus bakuensis Beklemischev 1963 Oligochoerus chlorella Beklemischev 1963 Oligochoerus conops Beklemischev, 1963 Oligochoerus erythrophthalmus Beklemischev 1963 Oligochoerus limnophilus Ax & Doerjes 1966 Oligochoerus melanops Beklemischev 1963 Oligochoerus xanthella Beklemischev 1963 Oxyposthia Contains the following species: Oxyposthia praedator Ivanov 1952 Picola Contains the following species: Picola renei Achatz & Hooge, 2006 Polychoerus Contains the following species: Polychoerus carmelensis Costello and Costello, 1938 Polychoerus caudatus Mark 1892 Polychoerus ebenhochi Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Polychoerus parvus Achatz, Hooge & Tyler, 2007 Praesagittifera Contains the following species: Praesagittifera gracilis (Yamasu, 1982) Praesagittifera naikaiensis (Yamasu, 1982) Praesagittifera shikoki Kostenko & Mamkaev 1990 Stomatricha Contains the following species: Stomatricha hochbergi Hooge, 2003 Waminoa Contains the following species: Waminoa brickneri Ogunlana, Hooge, Tekle, Benayahu, Barneah & Tyler, 2005 Waminoa litus Winsor 1990 Wulguru Contains the following species: Wulguru cuspidata Winsor 1988

Sources

• Turbellarian taxonomic database online [1]
• Hooge MD, Tyler S "New tools for resolving phylogenies: A systematic revision of the Convolutidae (Acoelomorpha, Acoela)" J Systemat Evol Res 43: 100-113, 2005
• Ogunlana, M,V, Hooge, M.D, Tekle,Y.I, Benayahu,Y, Barneah,O, Tyler,S. "Waminoa brickneri n. sp. (Acoela: Acoelomorpha) associated with corals in the Red Sea", Zootaxa 1008:1 - 2005