Blood proteins

Blood proteins

Blood proteins, also called "serum proteins", are proteins found in blood plasma. Serum total protein in blood is 7g/dl, which in total makes 7% of total body weight. They serve many different functions, including
*circulatory transport molecules for lipids, hormones, vitamins and metals
*enzymes, complement components, protease inhibitors, and kinin precursors
*regulation of acellular activity and functioning and in the immune system.

Separating serum proteins by electrophoresis is a valuable diagnostic tool as well as a way to monitor clinical progress.

Often mentioned blood proteins:

Other types of blood proteins include:PrealbuminAlpha 1 antitrypsinAlpha 1 acid glycoproteinAlpha 1 fetoproteinHaptoglobin Alpha 2 macroglobulinCeruloplasminTransferringC3/C4Beta 2 microglobulinBeta lipoprotein Gamma globulin proteins C-reactive protein (CRP)

*alpha2-macroglobulin
*Other globulins, which are of three types- alpha, beta and gamma.
*Lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL)
*Transferrin
*Prothrombin

All the plasma proteins are synthesized in liver except gamma globulins.

60% of plasma proteins are made up of the protein albumin, which are major contributors to osmotic pressure of plasma which assists in the transport of lipids and steroid hormones. Globulins make up 35% of plasma proteins and are used in the transport of ions, hormones and lipids assisting in immune function. 4% is fibrinogen and this is essential in the clotting of blood and can be converted into insoluble fibrin. Regulatory proteins which make up less than 1% of plasma proteins are proteins such as enzymes, proenzymes and hormones. Current research regarding blood plasma proteins is centered on performing proteomics analyses of serum/plasma in the search for biomarkers. These efforts started with two-dimensional gel electrophoresiscite journal | author=Anderson NL and Anderson NG | title=High Resolution Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis of Human Plasma Proteins | journal=Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences | year=1977 | pages=5421–5425 | volume=74 | pmid=271964 | doi=10.1073/pnas.74.12.5421] efforts in the 1970s and in more recent times this research has been performed using LC-tandem MScite journal | author=Adkins JN "et al" | title=Toward a human blood serum proteome: analysis by multidimensional separation coupled with mass spectrometry | journal=Molecular and Cellular Proteomics | year=2002 | pages=947–955 | volume=1 | pmid=12543931 | doi=10.1074/mcp.M200066-MCP200 ] cite journal | author=Jacobs JM "et al" | title=Utilizing human blood plasma for proteomic biomarker discovery | journal=Journal of Proteome Research | year=2005 | pages=1073–1085 | volume=4 | pmid=16083256 | doi=10.1021/pr0500657] based proteomics.

References

Clinical Chemistry : a laboratory perspective / [edited by] Wendy Arneson, Jean Brickell.


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Blood substitute — A blood substitute (also called artificial blood or blood surrogates) is a substance used to mimic and fulfill some functions of biological blood, usually in the oxygen carrying sense. They aim to provide an alternative to blood transfusion,… …   Wikipedia

  • blood analysis — Laboratory examination of the physical and chemical properties and components of a sample of blood. Analysis includes number of red and white blood cells (erythrocytes and leukocytes); red cell volume, sedimentation (settling) rate, and… …   Universalium

  • Blood type — (or blood group) is determined, in part, by the ABO blood group antigens present on red blood cells. A blood type (also called a blood group) is a classification of blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the… …   Wikipedia

  • Blood flow — is the continuous running of blood in the cardiovascular system. The human body is made up of several processes all carrying out various functions. We have the gastrointestinal system which aids the digestion and the absorption of food. We also… …   Wikipedia

  • Blood plasma — is the straw colored liquid component of blood in which the blood cells in whole blood are normally suspended. It makes up about 55% of the total blood volume. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid (all body fluid outside of… …   Wikipedia

  • Blood substitutes — Blood substitutes, often called artificial blood, are used to fill fluid volume and/or carry oxygen and other blood gases in the cardiovascular system. Although commonly used, the term is not accurate since human blood performs many important… …   Wikipedia

  • Proteins, acute-phase — Proteins whose plasma concentrations increase (or decrease) by 25% or more during certain inflammatory disorders. C reactive protein (CRP) is perhaps the best known of acute phase proteins. CRP is a plasma protein that rises in the blood with the …   Medical dictionary

  • blood plasma — n the pale yellow fluid portion of whole blood that consists of water and its dissolved constituents including proteins (as albumin, fibrinogen, and globulins), electrolytes (as sodium and chloride), sugars (as glucose), lipids (as cholesterol… …   Medical dictionary

  • blood-brain barrier — [blud′brān′] n. Physiol. the barrier created by the walls of the capillaries of the brain that prevents certain substances, as most proteins and drugs, from passing from the blood into the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid …   English World dictionary

  • blood — bloodlike, adj. /blud/, n. 1. the fluid that circulates in the principal vascular system of human beings and other vertebrates, in humans consisting of plasma in which the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are suspended. 2. the… …   Universalium

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”