Scombridae

Scombridae
Scombridae
Yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Scombridae
Subfamilies

Gasterochismatinae
Scombrinae

Scombridae is the family of the mackerels, tunas, and bonitos, and thus includes many of the most important and familiar food fishes. The family consists of about 55 species in 15 genera and two subfamilies. All species are Scombrinae, except Butterfly kingfish - which is the sole member of subfamily Gasterochismatinae.

Scombrids have two dorsal fins, and a series of finlets behind the rear dorsal fin and anal fin. The caudal fin is strongly divided and rigid, with a slender, ridged, base. The first (spiny) dorsal fin and the pelvic fins are normally retracted into body grooves. Species length varies from the 20 cm length of the island mackerel to the 458 cm recorded for the immense northern bluefin tuna.

Scombrids are generally predators of the open ocean, and are found worldwide in tropical and temperate waters. They are capable of considerable speed, due to a highly streamlined body and retractable fins. Some members of the family, in particular the tunas, are notable for being endothermic (warm-blooded), a feature that also helps them to maintain high speed and activity. Other adaptations include a large amount of red muscle, allowing them to maintain activity over long periods. The fastest recorded scombrid is the wahoo, which can attain speeds of 75 kilometres per hour (47 mph).[1]

Contents

Classification

Jordan, Evermann and Clark (1930) divide these fishes into the four families Cybiidae, Katsuwonidae, Scombridae, and Thunnidae,[2] but this article follows FishBase in placing them in the single family Scombridae.[3]

There are about fifty extant species in fourteen genera:

Family Scombridae

  • Subfamily Gasterochismatinae
    • Genus Gasterochisma
  • Subfamily Scombrinae
    • Genus Acanthocybium
    • Genus Allothunnus
    • Genus Auxis
    • Genus Cybiosarda
    • Genus Euthynnus
    • Genus Grammatorcynus
    • Genus Gymnosarda
    • Genus Katsuwonus
    • Genus Orcynopsis
    • Genus Rastrelliger
    • Genus Sarda
    • Genus Scomber
    • Genus Scomberomorus
    • Genus Thunnus

Timeline of genera

See also

  • Scombroid poisoning

References

  1. ^ Johnson, G.D. & Gill, A.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. pp. 190. ISBN 0-12-547665-5. 
  2. ^ David Starr Jordan, Barton Warren Evermann and H. Walton Clark (1930). Report of the Commission for 1928. U.S. Commission for Fish and Fisheries, Washington, D.C.. 
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Scombridae" in FishBase. January 2006 version.

External links


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Scombridae — Maquer …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Scombridae —   Scombridae Thunn …   Wikipedia Español

  • Scombridae — ? Скумбриевые Южная скумбрия (Scomber colias) Научная классификация Царство: Животные Тип: Хорд …   Википедия

  • Scombridae — Makrelen und Thunfische Thunfische Systematik Klasse: Strahlenflosser (Actinopterygii) Teilklasse …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Scombridae — skumbrinės statusas T sritis zoologija | vardynas taksono rangas šeima apibrėžtis Vandenynų atogrąžų, paatogrąžio, rečiau – vidutinių platumų pelagialė. Scombridae15 genčių, virš 50 rūšių. Kūno ilgis – iki 20–300 cm, kūno masė – iki 375 kg.… …   Žuvų pavadinimų žodynas

  • Scombridae — noun marine food fishes: mackerels; chub mackerels; tuna • Syn: ↑family Scombridae • Hypernyms: ↑fish family • Member Holonyms: ↑Scombroidea, ↑suborder Scombroidea • M …   Useful english dictionary

  • Scombridae — Scọmbridae   [griechisch], die Makrelen …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Scombridae — n. family of fishes including the mackerel and tuna (Biology) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • scombridae — scom·bri·dae …   English syllables

  • Семейство Скумбриевые (Scombridae) —          Скумбриевидные хорошо обособленный подотряд, все представители которого обитают в море и ведут пелагический образ жизни, не будучи связанными с дном ни в каком периоде жизненного цикла. Они характеризуются удлиненным веретеновидным телом …   Биологическая энциклопедия

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