Tomb of Dracula

Infobox comic book title
title=Tomb of Dracula


caption=Count Dracula from "Tomb of Dracula".
schedule=Monthly
format=color
ongoing =n
publisher=Marvel Comics
date=1972–1979
issues=70
main_char_team=Count Dracula
writers=Marv Wolfman
artists=
pencillers=Gene Colan
inkers=Tom Palmer
letterers=
colorists=
subcat=Dracula
sort=PAGENAME

"Tomb of Dracula" is a horror comic book series published by Marvel Comics from April 1972 to August 1979. The 70-issue series featured a group of vampire hunters who fought Count Dracula and other supernatural menaces. On rare occasions, Dracula would work with these vampire hunters against a common threat or battle other supernatural threats on his own, but more often than not, he was the antagonist rather than protagonist. In addition to his supernatural battles in this series, Marvel's Dracula often served as a supervillain to other characters in the Marvel Universe, battling the likes of Blade, Spider-Man, Werewolf by Night, the X-Men, and even the licensed Robert E. Howard character Solomon Kane.

Publication history

In 1971, the Comics Code Authority relaxed some of its longstanding rules regarding horror comics, such as a virtual ban on vampires. Marvel had already tested the waters with a "quasi-vampire" character, Morbius, but the company was now prepared to launch a regular vampire title as part of its new line of horror books. After some discussion, it was decided to use the Dracula character, in large part because it was the most famous vampire to the general public, and also because Bram Stoker's creation and secondary characters were by that time in the public domain.

At first, "ToD" was plagued by an inability to keep a steady writer, with the first half-dozen issues written by Gerry Conway, Archie Goodwin, and Gardner Fox. But the title gained stability and hit its stride when Marv Wolfman became permanent scripter with the seventh issue.

The entire run of "Tomb of Dracula" was penciled by Gene Colan, with Tom Palmer inking virtually all (although Gil Kane drew many of the covers for the first few years, as he did for many other Marvel titles). Colan based the visual appearance of Marvel's Dracula not on Bela Lugosi, Christopher Lee, or any other actor who had played the vampire on film, but rather on actor Jack Palance. Ironically, Palance would himself go on to play Dracula in a television production of Stoker's novel the year after "ToD" debuted.

"Tomb of Dracula" ran for seventy issues, until 1979. As cancellation loomed, plans were made to wrap up the storyline and lingering threads by issue #72. However, when management decided at the 11th Hour to terminate the title with #70 instead, the final three issues' worth of story and art had to be compressed into one double-sized book, culminating with Dracula's apparent death and dispersal.

The color title was succeeded by a black-and-white magazine (which stories also drawn by Gene Colan) that lasted six issues. An earlier magazine, "Dracula Lives!", published by the Marvel imprint Curtis Magazines, ran from 1973 to 1975. The color comic was also supplemented by a "Giant-Size" companion quarterly that ran for five issues in the mid-1970s.

Appearance in other titles

Several years later, Dracula resurfaced in an issue of "The Uncanny X-Men". However, in appearance, this lord of the undead did not much resemble the Dracula of the "Tomb" series, and there remains some discussion among fans over whether or not this was the same Dracula. Although Wolfman and Colan's version had been established as inhabiting the regular Marvel Universe (and battling such super-heroes as Spider-Man, Doctor Strange, and the Silver Surfer), there are some who feel that the redesign of the character in the X-Men story was an attempt to establish that the "ToD" version lived in his own alternate universe, apart from the mainstream Marvel world and characters.

Although Dracula (and all other vampires in the Marvel Universe) were eventually destroyed by the mystical "Montessi Spell (incarnation)" in the pages of "Doctor Strange", the vampire lord was revived. Marvel published a four-issue "Tomb of Dracula" mini-series, reuniting Wolfman and Colan, under its Epic Comics imprint in 1991, and revived Dracula and his foes in the short-lived "Nightstalkers" and "Blade" series in the 1990s. Most recently, Dracula took the title role in the mini-series "Dracula: Lord of the Undead".

In 2004, Marvel published a four-volume, black-and-white "Essential Tomb of Dracula" collection, with the first three collecting the 70 issues of "Tomb of Dracula" plus selections from the black-and-white "Tomb of Dracula" magazine, and the fourth reprinting the comics stories from "Dracula Lives" and the remainder of the stories from the "Tomb of Dracula" magazine. Following the success of these reprints, Dracula returned in three new four-issue mini-series. "Stoker's Dracula" continued and concluded the adaptation of "Dracula" that had begun in "Dracula Lives" twenty years prior, and a new "Tomb of Dracula" mini-series followed, in which Blade joined a new team of vampire hunters to prevent Dracula achieving godhood. "Apocalypse vs. Dracula" featured Dracula battling the immortal foe of the X-Men in Victorian London.

Some unresolved plot threads from "Tomb of Dracula" were addressed in the final three issues of "Nightstalkers". These included the fates of Dracula's bride Domini, their son Janus, and vampire-hunter Taj Nital.

Major characters

*Dracula himself
* Dr. Quincy Harker, son of Jonathan and Mina Harker, and crippled leader of the vampire hunters; he died in battle with Dracula.
* Dr. Rachel van Helsing, granddaughter of Abraham Van Helsing, and leader of the vampire hunters upon Harker's death; she was turned into a vampire by Dracula and subsequently given a mercy killing by Wolverine of the X-Men.
* Blade, son of a woman bitten by a vampire during pregnancy and a valued, yet reluctant ally to Quincy Harker's band of vampire hunters.
* Frank Drake, descendant of Dracula and charter member of Quincy Harker's vampire hunters. Note: Drake's bloodline is based on one of Dracula's marriages prior to his vampirism.
* Hannibal King, a vampire hunter and private investigator who is himself a reluctant vampire, frequent partner of Blade & Drake. He subsisted solely on blood he acquired from blood banks or corpses he found. Thus, he has never taken blood directly from a human being. Thus he was able to survive the Montesi formula and be restored to normal human status.
* Taj Nital, a mute Hindu vampire hunter of considerable strength (sufficient to temporarily restrain Dracula) whose son was vampirized, and who was later transformed into a vampire, and destroyed in "Nightstalkers" #18.
* Lilith, the Daughter of Dracula, an immortal vampire who was cursed to never die until her father was permanently destroyed; when slain, she was reborn into the body of a woman who was full of hate.
* Deacon Frost, the vampire responsible for the death of Blade's mother and Hannibal King's vampirism. He was an upstart contender for the title of Lord of the Vampires, a title held by Dracula at the time.
* Harold H. Harold, a hack writer who befriended the vampire hunters in an effort to get material for a book he was writing. He fell victim to Dracula and became a vampire (in "Howard the Duck" Magazine #5) — though this did not stop him from becoming a successful Hollywood film producer. However, like all vampires, he perished as a result of the casting of the Montesi Formula.
* Anton Lupeski, a Satanist priest through whom Dracula manipulated a cult while impersonating Satan.
* Domini, a member of Anton Lupeski's cult whom Dracula chose as his bride.
* Janus, the son of Dracula and Domini, who was possessed by an angel. He was returned to his child form, and at age five was kidnapped by the vampire Varnae (in the backstory of "Nightstalkers" #16-18).
* Varnae, the first vampire (and, at one point, enemy of Conan the Barbarian). He was the Lord of the Vampires prior to Dracula, and although he died in the process of making Dracula his heir, he was later revived. He was inspired by the 19th century character Varney the Vampire.
* Nimrod, another Lord of the Vampires prior to Dracula, who killed him in Nimrod's first appearance ("Dracula Lives!" #3). When Dracula's origin was revised in "Bizarre Adventures" #33, Nimrod was no longer the true Lord of the Vampires; instead, he was a mentally imbalanced servant of Varnae, and had been empowered by his master as a test of Dracula's worthiness.

Collected editions

The comics have been collected as part of the Essential series of trade paperbacks. The volumes are:

*"Volume 1" (560 pages, 2004, Panini, ISBN 1904159621, Marvel, ISBN 078510920X)
*"Volume 2" (592 pages, 2004, Panini, ISBN 190523905X, Marvel, ISBN 0785114610)
*"Volume 3" (584 pages, 2004, Panini, ISBN 1905239068, Marvel, ISBN 0785115587)
*"Volume 4" (576 pages, 2006, Panini, ISBN 1905239203, 2005, Marvel, ISBN 0785117091)

Some of the nudity has been removed from the fourth volume [ [http://groovyageofhorror.blogspot.com/2006/09/censored-essentials.html Comparisons of the original and Essential versions of some panels] ] and Dan Buckley, the publisher, had this to say on the issue "That wasn't because we were going to bookstores, or because we were exclusively going to hobby shops. It probably had more with where we were at from a ratings standpoint and the editors felt that was the appropriate thing to do, considering how we communicate what's going on in our books from a packaging standpoint. ... We generally avoid nudity, unless it's a Max title. We don't want to take an Essential volume and start calling it Max; then you get into branding issues." [ [http://www.icv2.com/articles/news/9661.html Interview with Marvel Publisher Dan Buckley, Pt. 3] , November 27, 2006] Kurt Busiek has said "They wanted to sell it to the same audience who bought the first three volumes." [ [http://www.comicbloc.com/forums/showpost.php?p=1068961&postcount=3141 Questions for Kurt Busiek] ] but retailers' opinions on the matter are split. [ [http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=86324 Talking Shop: Age Appropriate] at Newsarama]

Other media

In 1980, an animated TV-movie was made based on "Tomb of Dracula". Much of the main plot was condensed and many characters and subplots were truncated or omitted. It was animated in Japan and sparsely released on cable TV in North America by Harmony Gold under the title "Dracula: Sovereign of the Damned".

Deacon Frost and Hannibal King from "Tomb of Dracula" are in the Blade movies, albeit in heavily revised forms.

"Blade Trinity"

In the movie "", Hannibal King shows a comic of "Tomb of Dracula" to Blade. Also in the movie, Drake seems to be a young version of the Marvel Comics Dracula, though having a different origin and powers. He was played by Dominic Purcell.

Given Drake's age and origin, he, more than any other Vampire that followed, can harness a much greater and more dynamic range of abilities. He possesses unnatural strength, much greater than that of Blade, and also incredible speed. Like those he sired he is capable of leaping great distances and seems to be knowledgeable of sword fighting techniques, even rivaling Blade himself.

Drake's true power though is derived from his origin as the first of his species, the manipulation of energies which lead to his first resurrection left Drake with two forms; human, and a demonic alter ego.

In this form Drake is much stronger, resilient to all forms of damage and much taller than his human self. He also possesses very keen senses, allowing him to catch an arrow mid-fight.

Notes

References

* [http://www.comics-db.com/Marvel_Comics/T/The_Tomb_of_Dracula/index.html "Tomb of Dracula"] at the Big Comic Book DataBase
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* [http://hometown.aol.com/MikeRickrd/tod.html Enter the Tomb of Dracula]

External links

* [http://www.wymann.info/DoctorMarvel/TombOfDracula.html Adrian Wymann "The Tomb of Dracula" fan site] (Issue-by-issue guide and reviews)
* [http://www.silverbulletcomicbooks.com/reviews/107430138899011.htm Review of "Essential Tomb of Dracula" volume 1] and [http://www.silverbulletcomicbooks.com/reviews/109758797092754.htm volume 2]
* [http://www.anime-games.co.uk/VHS/anime/dracula.php The Japanese anime adaptation of Tomb of Dracula]