HCESAR

HCESAR (pronounced by spelling the letter "H" and then saying the word "César") is an obsolete typewriter keyboard layout. It was created by decree in July 21 1937, by Portuguese prime-minister António de Oliveira Salazar.

It was common that the "0" numeral was omitted (in favour of using the uppercase "O" letter), and there were also some typewriters that didn't have the "1" numeral (with the lowercase "L" being used to achieve it). Also absent were symbols such as the number sign (which was achieved by some through intrincate methods involving partial depressions of the backspace key to overwrite the equals sign with two forward slashes). The Inequality sign typing an equals sign and overwriting it with one forward slash), the asterisk (achieved in a similar way, with lowercase "X" and the plus or minus sign — for eight- or six-pointed asterisks, respectively).