List of consonants

List of consonants

This is a list of all consonants which can be transcribed with a single letter in the International Phonetic Alphabet, plus some of the more common consonants which require diacritics, ordered by place and manner of articulation.

Ordered by place of articulation

Labial consonants

Bilabial consonants

*bilabial clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*bilabial nasal IPA| [m] (man)
*bilabial ejective IPA| [p]
*voiced bilabial implosive IPA| []
*voiceless bilabial plosive IPA| [p] (spin)
*voiced bilabial plosive IPA| [b] (bed)
*voiceless bilabial affricate IPA| [p]
*voiced bilabial affricate IPA| [b]
*voiceless bilabial fricative IPA| []
*voiced bilabial fricative IPA| []
*bilabial approximant IPA| []
*bilabial trill IPA| []

Labiodental consonants

*labiodental approximant IPA| []
*labiodental nasal IPA| [] (symphony)
*voiced labiodental fricative IPA| [v] (van)
*Voiced labiodental plosive
*Voiced labiodental affricate
*voiceless labiodental fricative IPA| [f] (fan)
*voiceless rounded velarized labiodental fricative IPA| [ɧ]
*Voiceless labiodental plosive
*Voiceless labiodental affricate

Coronal consonants

Dental consonants

*dental clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*dental lateral clicks IPA| [̪] "etc."
*dental ejective IPA| [t]
*dental nasal IPA| [n]
*voiced dental fricative IPA| [ð] (this)
*voiced dental implosive IPA| []
*voiced dental plosive IPA| [d]
*voiceless bidental fricative
*voiceless dental fricative IPA| [] (thing)
*voiceless dental plosive IPA| [t]

Alveolar consonants

*alveolar lateral clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*alveolar approximant IPA| [] (red)
*alveolar ejective IPA| [t]
*alveolar ejective fricative IPA| [s]
*alveolar flap IPA| []
*alveolar lateral approximant IPA| [l] (lead)
*alveolar lateral flap IPA| []
*alveolar nasal IPA| [n] (none)
*alveolar trill IPA| [r]
*velarized alveolar lateral approximant IPA| []
*voiced alveolar fricative IPA| [z] (zoo)
*voiced alveolar implosive IPA| []
*voiced alveolar lateral fricative IPA| []
*voiced alveolar plosive IPA| [d] (done)
*voiced alveolar affricate IPA|d͡z
*voiceless alveolar fricative IPA| [s] (son)
*voiceless alveolar lateral fricative IPA| []
*voiceless alveolar plosive IPA| [t] (ton)
*voiceless alveolar affricate IPA|t͡s
*voiceless alveolar lateral affricate IPA| [t͡ɬ]
*ejective alveolar lateral affricate IPA| [t͡ɬʼ]
*voiced alveolar lateral affricate IPA| [d͡ɮ]

Postalveolar consonants

*(post)alveolar clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*voiced postalveolar affricate IPA| [d] (jug)
*voiced postalveolar fricative IPA| [] (vision)
*voiceless postalveolar affricate IPA| [t] (chip)
*voiceless postalveolar fricative IPA| [] (ship)


=Palatalized postalveolar consonants=

*voiced palatalized postalveolar fricative IPA| []
*voiceless palatalized postalveolar fricative IPA| []
*voiced palatalized postalveolar affricate IPA| [d̠͡ʑ]
*voiceless palatalized postalveolar affricate IPA| [t̠͡ɕ]

Retroflex consonants

*retroflex clicks IPA| [ǃ˞] "etc."
*retroflex approximant IPA| []
*retroflex flap IPA| []
*retroflex lateral flap IPA| []
*retroflex lateral approximant IPA| []
*voiceless retroflex lateral fricative IPA| []
*retroflex nasal IPA| []
*voiced retroflex fricative IPA| []
*voiced retroflex plosive IPA| []
*voiced retroflex affricate IPA| [ɖ͡ʐ]
*voiceless retroflex fricative IPA| []
*voiceless retroflex plosive IPA| []
*voiceless retroflex affricate IPA| [ʈ͡ʂ] ,

Dorsal consonants

Palatal consonants

*palatal clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*palatal lateral clicks "IPA| [] " "etc."
*palatal approximant IPA| [j] (yes)
*palatal ejective IPA| [c]
*palatal lateral approximant IPA| []
*voiceless palatal lateral fricative IPA| []
*palatal nasal IPA| []
*voiced palatal fricative IPA| []
*voiced palatal implosive IPA| []
*voiced palatal plosive IPA| []
*voiceless palatal fricative IPA| [ç] (human, but not hum)
*voiceless palatal plosive IPA| [c]
*voiceless palatal lateral affricate IPA| [c͡]
*ejective palatal lateral affricate IPA| [c͡ʼ]


=labialized palatal consonants=

*labialized palatal approximant IPA| []

Velar consonants

*velar approximant IPA| []
*velar ejective IPA| [k]
*velar lateral approximant IPA| []
*voiceless velar lateral fricative IPA| []
*voiced velar fricative IPA| []
*voiced velar implosive IPA| []
*voiced velar plosive IPA| [ɡ] (get)
*voiceless velar fricative IPA| [x]
*voiceless velar plosive IPA| [k] (kick, cat)
*ejective velar lateral affricate IPA| [k͡ʼ]


=labialized velar consonants=

*voiced labialized velar approximant IPA| [w] (witch)
*voiceless labialized velar approximant IPA| [] (which)

Uvular consonants

*uvular ejective IPA| [q]
*uvular nasal IPA| []
*uvular trill IPA| []
*voiced uvular fricative IPA| []
*voiced uvular implosive IPA| []
*voiced uvular plosive IPA| []
*voiceless uvular fricative IPA| []
*voiceless uvular plosive IPA| [q]

Radical consonants

Pharyngeal consonants

*voiced pharyngeal fricative IPA| []
*voiceless pharyngeal fricative IPA| []

Epiglottal consonants

*epiglottal plosive IPA| []
*voiced epiglottal fricative IPA| []
*voiceless epiglottal fricative IPA| []

Glottal consonants

*murmured glottal fricative or transition IPA| []
*voiceless glottal fricative or transition IPA| [h] (hat)
*glottal plosive IPA| []

Ordered by manner of articulation

Nasal consonants

*alveolar nasal IPA| [n]
*bilabial nasal IPA| [m]
*dental nasal IPA| [n]
*labiodental nasal IPA| []
*palatal nasal IPA| []
*retroflex nasal IPA| []
*uvular nasal IPA| []
*velar nasal IPA| []


=Plosive (stop) consonants=

*epiglottal plosive IPA| []
*voiced alveolar plosive IPA| [d]
*voiced bilabial plosive IPA| [b]
*voiced dental plosive IPA| [d]
*voiced palatal plosive IPA| []
*voiced retroflex plosive IPA| []
*voiced uvular plosive IPA| []
*voiced velar plosive IPA| [g]
*voiceless alveolar plosive IPA| [t]
*voiceless bilabial plosive IPA| [p]
*voiceless dental plosive IPA| [t]
*voiceless glottal plosive IPA| []
*voiceless palatal plosive IPA| [c]
*voiceless retroflex plosive IPA| []
*voiceless uvular plosive IPA| [q]
*voiceless velar plosive IPA| [k]

Fricative consonants

*alveolar ejective fricative IPA| [s]
*voiced alveolar fricative IPA| [z]
*voiced alveolar lateral fricative IPA| []
*voiced alveolo-palatal fricative IPA| []
*voiced bilabial fricative IPA| []
*voiced dental fricative IPA| [ð]
*voiced epiglottal fricative IPA| []
*voiced glottal fricative IPA| []
*voiced labiodental fricative IPA| [v]
*voiced palatal fricative IPA| []
*voiced pharyngeal fricative IPA| []
*voiced postalveolar fricative IPA| []
*voiced retroflex fricative IPA| []
*voiced uvular fricative IPA| []
*voiced velar fricative IPA| []
*voiceless alveolar fricative IPA| [s]
*voiceless alveolar lateral fricative IPA| []
*voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative IPA| []
*voiceless bilabial fricative IPA| []
*voiceless dental fricative IPA| []
*voiceless epiglottal fricative IPA| []
*voiceless glottal fricative IPA| [h]
*voiceless labiodental fricative IPA| [f]
*voiceless palatal fricative IPA| [ç]
*voiceless palatal-velar fricative IPA| []
*voiceless pharyngeal fricative IPA| []
*voiceless postalveolar fricative IPA| []
*voiceless retroflex fricative IPA| []
*voiceless uvular fricative IPA| []
*voiceless velar fricative IPA| [x]

Affricate consonants

*voiced postalveolar affricate IPA| [d]
*voiceless postalveolar affricate IPA| [t]
*voiceless alveolar affricate IPA| [ts]

Approximant consonants

*alveolar approximant IPA| []
*alveolar lateral approximant IPA| [l]
*bilabial approximant IPA| []
*labial-palatal approximant IPA| []
*labial-velar approximant (voiced) IPA| [w]
*labial-velar approximant (voiceless) IPA| []
*labiodental approximant IPA| []
*palatal approximant IPA| [j]
*palatal lateral approximant IPA| []
*retroflex approximant IPA| []
*retroflex lateral approximant IPA| []
*velar approximant IPA| []
*velar lateral approximant IPA| []
*velarized alveolar lateral approximant IPA| []


=Flap (tap) consonants=

*alveolar flap IPA| []
*alveolar lateral flap IPA| []
*retroflex flap IPA| []

Trill consonants

*alveolar trill IPA| [r]
*bilabial trill IPA| []
*uvular trill IPA| []

Ejective consonants

*alveolar ejective fricative IPA| [s]
*alveolar ejective IPA| [t]
*bilabial ejective IPA| [p]
*dental ejective IPA| [t]
*palatal ejective IPA| [c]
*uvular ejective IPA| [q]
*velar ejective IPA| [k]

Implosive consonants

*voiced alveolar implosive IPA| []
*voiced bilabial implosive IPA| []
*voiced dental implosive IPA| []
*voiced palatal implosive IPA| []
*voiced uvular implosive IPA| []
*voiced velar implosive IPA| []

Click consonants

*bilabial clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*labiodental clicks IPA| [̪] "etc."
*dental clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*dental lateral clicks IPA| [̪] "etc."
*(post)alveolar clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*alveolar lateral clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*retroflex clicks IPA| [ǃ˞] "etc."
*palatal clicks IPA| [] "etc."
*palatal lateral clicks "IPA| [] " "etc."

ee also

*Consonant
*Table of consonants
*List of phonetics topics


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